Objective To understand the changes of the coverage of medical insurance and the utilization of medical services from 2000 to 2009.Methods The data on medical insurance and utilization of medical services were obtained from China Nutrition Panel Survey conducted by University of North Carolina,Chapel Hill.The trend of medical insurance and use of preventative medical services were examined.And a Logistic regression model was used to estimate the relationship between some social economic status and the enrollment of medical insurance and use of medical services.Results The coverage of medical insurance expanded dramatically from 20％ in 2000 to 89％ in 2009.The rural population experienced higher expansion.The gap between rural and urban populations in terms of insurance coverage was closed.The use of preventive services remained low in both rural and urban populations,with 3.72％ and 4.62％ respectively.Conclusions Both coverage of medical insurance and use of prevention medical services imoroved from 2000 to 2009,which has provided solid foundation for further reforms.

Objective:To establish a determination method for the content of cyproheptadine hydyochloride tablets and the related substances in the tablets by HPLC. Methods:The assay was performed on a CAPCELL PAK C18(Shiseido)(250 mm ×4.6 mm, 5μm) column with methanol-0. 002 5mol·L-1 sodium heptanesulfonate (adjusting pH to 3 with phosphoric acid)(60: 40) as the mo-bile phase. The detection wavelength was 225 nm, the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 , the column temperature was 30℃ and the sample size was 10 μl. Results: Cyproheptadine hydyochloride had good linear relationship within the range of 4. 12-82. 40 μg·ml-1 ( r=1. 000 0), and the average recovery was 99. 2%(RSD=0. 8%, n=9). The peaks of the related substances were well separated from that of cyproheptadine hydrochloride. Conclusion:The method is simple, fast and accurate, and can be used for the quality control of cyproheptadine hydyochloride tablets.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and utility of three different assays on early diagnosis and monitoring of neonatal congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Methods Ninety-eight neonates whose mother was CMV-IgM positive during pregnancy were examined on the 14th days after birth for CMV antigen in blood and PCR-CMV-DNA in the saliva. Three different methods were applied including CMV antigenemia assay, PCR for CMV-DNA and ELISA for serum CMV-IgM. Neonates were followed up for six months. Results (1) Forty-eight of the 98 neonates were diagnosed as congenital CMV infection including 7 symptomatic infection and 41 asymptomatic. None of the 98 subjects was CMV-IgM positive. Among the 7 symptomatic cases, the positive rates of CMV antigen and PCR-CMV-DNA were 100%(7), 71.4%(5), and 70.7%(29/41), 46.3%(19/41) in the asymptomatic group, respectively. The sensitivity of CMV antigenemia assay and PCR was 75.0% and 54.2%, respectively. The CMV antigenemia index of the symptomatic cases was significantly higher than that of asymptomatic ones [(16-52)/50 000 vs (3-31)/50 000 white blood cells, P

Objective To observe the control efficacy of community health education on population with metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods 56 cases of metabolic syndrome patients treated in the community were selected as the research object from June 2012 to 2013,and were randomly divided into the observation group (30 cases) and the control group (26 cases).The patients in the observation group received systematic community health education,and patients in the control group received regular treatment.The blood pressure,BMI Level,abdominal circumference,FPG level,TC,TG,LDL,HDL,2hPG,and HbAlc level of patients from both groups were compared one year later.Results Compared with the result before treatment,the abdominal circumference,blood pressure,blood glucose and lipid levels of patients in the observation group were all superior to the control group; the reasonableness for food taken was compared one year later,the observation group was also superior to the control group.Statistical significancc cxistcd in the differences between both groups.Conclusions The implementation of community health education has a positive significance in promoting the rehabilitation of people with metabolic syndrome,which is worth being promoted.

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of cerebral artery stenosis and its risk factors in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods The patients with acute ischemic stroke examined with MRI and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) were divided into either a stenosis group or a non-stenosis group according to whether they had cerebral artery stenosis or not.The patients in the stenosis group were redivided into a simple intracranial stenosis,simple extracranial stenosis,and intracranial + extracranial stenosis subgroups according to their stenotic sites; they were redivided into either a young and middle-aged subgroup (＜60) or an elderly subgroup (≥60) according to their age; they were redivided into either a single-branch lesion subgroup or multibranch lesion subgroup according to the number of vascular stenosis.The distribution characteristics and influencing factors of cerebral artery stenosis were analyzed.Results A total of 232 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled,and 114 of them (62.0％) were simple intracranial stenosis,30 (16.3％) were simple extracranial stenosis,and 40 (21.7％) were intracranial+ extracranial stenosis.The patients with anterior circulation stenosis (76.6％) were more common than those with posterior circulation stenosis (33.7％).They were mainly in the middle cerebral artery (64.4％) and posterior cerebral artery (53.8％) respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR] 1.049,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.015-1.084; P =0.005),hypertension (OR 10.063,95％ CI 4.402-23.004; P ＜ 0.001),diabetes (OR 3.873,95％ CI 1.141-13.147; P =0.030),smoking (OR 3.311,95 ％ CI 1.112-9.855; P =0.031),and fibrinogen (OR 6.085,95％ CI 1.396-26.533; P=0.016) were the independent risk factors for cerebral artery stenosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke; hypertension (OR 10.779,95％ CI 4.468-26.007; P＜ 0.001),diabetes (OR 3.593,95％ CII.018-12.685; P =0.047),and smoking (OR 4.408,95％ CI 1.403-13.826; P =0.011) were the independent risk factors for simple intracranial artery stenosis; hypertension (OR 6.143,95％ CI 1.838-20.537; P=0.003),diabetes (OR 8.179,95％ CI 1.844-36.287; P=0.006),and fibrinogen (OR 2.410,95％ CI 1.046-5.551; P =0.039) were the independent risk factors for simple extracranlal artery stenosis.C reactive protein (CRP) level of the intracranial + extracranial stenosis group was significantly higher than that of the simple intracranial stenosis (P=0.001) and simple extracranial stenosis (P =0.018) groups.There was no significant difference between the two groups,but the mean level of the 3 groups was higher than that of the normal value.The simple intracranial stenosis and the simple extracranial stenosis were most common in the young and middle-aged group,and the simple intracranial stenosis and the intracranial + extracranial stenosis were more common in the elderly group.The age (P=0.036) and uric acid level (P=0.006) in the subgroup of multiple branches stenosis were significantly higher than those in the subgroup of single branch stenosis,but only age (OR 1.030,95％ CI 1.003-1.057; P =0.028) was significantly independent correlated with the multiple branches stenosis.Conclusions Intracranial artery stenosis is common in cerebral artery stenosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke.The proportion of intracranial + extracranlal stenosis increases sfightly with age.Age,hypertension,diabetes,smoking,and fibrinogen are the independent risk factors for cerebral artery stenosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Hypertension and diabetes are the common independent risk factors for simple intracranial and extracranial artery stenosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Smoking is an independent risk factor for simple intracranial artery stenosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Fibrinogen is a simple independent risk factor for extracranial artery stenosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.CRP and uric acid may be the inflammatory predictive factors associated with the patients with acute ischemic stroke and cerebral artery stenosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of young female patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who were referred to Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Methods A total of 24 consecutive AMI female patients (age≤44 years) who underwent coronary angiography were retrospectively retrieved from the database, and 70 AMI patients whose age ≥ 65 years and who also underwent coronary angiography were enrolled as a control (elderly) group. Clinical features were compared between the two groups. Results Of the 24 young female AMI patients, MI from non-atherosclerosis was identiifed in 9 patients (non-ATS group). Compared to the remaining 15 young female AMI patients (ATS-group), non-ATS group was younger (P<0.05), with lower BMI (P<0.05) and less traditional risk factors of coronary heart disease (P<0.05). Coronary angiography showed more normal artery (P<0.05) and lesions on left main (P<0.05). However, when compared to the elderly group, the young female ATS-group was associated with less hypertension (P<0.01), smoking (P<0.05), traditional risk factors (P<0.01) and lower level of blood pressure (P<0.05), fasting glucose (P<0.05), serum creatine (P<0.01), TC (P<0.05), and LDL-C (P<0.01) at admission. Coronary angiography showed single vessel disease was the most common lesion. Conclusions Acute myocardial infarction in young female might be caused by non-atherosclerosis. Those due to atherosclerosis differ in coronary risk factors and angiographic features from the elderly female AMI patients.

Aim To observe the inhibitory effect of dihydroartemisinin combined with COX-2 inhibitor on S180 sarcoma and their possible antitumor mechanisms.Methods The ICR mice model of the subcutaneous transplanting tumor was established by S180 sarcoma to investigate the treatment effect of dihydroartemisinin and COX-2 inhibitor.Expressions of VEGF,COX-2 and CD31 in S180 sarcoma were detected and the amount of leukocyte was also observed.Results Dihydroartemisinin combined with COX-2 inhibitor could potently inhibit tumor growth and inflammation.The maximal antitumor rate reached 55.38%.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that COX-2 and VEGF protein expressions were weakened by dihydroartemisinin and COX-2 inhibitor,versus the control groups.Further,RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of VEGF mRNA was also effectively decreased.Finally,a significant down-regulation effect of COX-2 and VEGF protein expression was observed.Conclusions Dihydroartemisinin combined with COX-2 inhibitor can significantly inhibit S180 tumor.The antitumor mechanism of these two drugs might be closely related to the effect of COX-2 and VEGF expression suppression.

Objective To further research the biological functions of PES1,the ovarian SKOV3 cell line with inducible stable PES1 expression is established by using Tet-on system.Methods PES1 was cloned into pTRE-Tight vector via PCR and its expression was identified. After transfected the regulating plasmid pTet-on,SKOV3 cells were screened with G418 and re-transfected pTRE-Tight-PES1.The positive cell clones were screened out with hygromycin and were induced by doxycycline (Dox) to definite the best induction concentration.Growth velocity of SKOV3 cells stably expressing PES1 induced by Dox was detected with viola crystallina.Results The SKOV3 cells with inducible PES1 expression were screened out after the cells were transfected pTRE-Tight-PES1 constructed.Dox could dose-dependently induce the PES1 expression with the concentration under 2 mg/L,and 2 mg/L of Dox induced the highest PES1 expression.Growth velocity of SKOV3 cells transfected pTRE-Tight has no significant difference between the SKOV3 cells transfected nothing induced with Dox.However,the SKOV3 cells transfected pTRE-Tight-PES1 grew faster than the cells transfected pTRE-Tight or without transfection in the fourth day (P =0.001 ).Conclusion The inducible stable PES1 expression SKOV3 cells are successfully established and could be used to be an effective cell model to research the biological functions of PES1.The expression of PES1 could promote the growth of SKOV3 cells.

Objective To study the effect of the surgical procedure of primary incision & thread-drawing for behind abscess and drainage for left and right abscess in the treatment of high horsc-shoe Abscess. Methods Clinical data from 45 patients with this disease were retrospectively analysed. Results 43 cases were cured primarily, the cure rate was 96 %, among the 45 patients, 2 cases were formed anal fistula, accounted for 4 %. No anal incontinence, anorectal stenosis,and anal deformation,etc. Conclusion This surgical procedure can ensure primary cure. It is re- vealed that the procedure is of many advantages,including shorten treatment course, less lession, no malformation.

AIM: To investigate the role of catecholamine, angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) and adenosine triphosphatase in ischemic preconditioning in isolated rat hearts. METHODS: Isolated perfused rat heart was subjected to global ischemia for 40 min followed by reperfusion for 10 min (I/R). Preconditioning (PC) was induced by 5 min of ischemia and 10 min of reperfusion. The tissue concentrations in NE, and ACE, ATPase activities were determined in left ventricle in the PC and I/R groups by fluorometry and spectrophotometry. RESULTS: There were no significant difference in NE and ACE between PC and I/R groups. PC hearts showed improved recovery of the contractile function after 40 min ischemia/10 min reperfusion, but activities of the myocardial total ATPase, Mg2＋-ATPase, Na＋K＋-ATPase were inhibited markedly compared with I/R group. CONCLUSION: The inhibited myocardial ATPase may be involved in the mechanism of ischemic preconditioning protection in the isolated rat heart. Endogenous myocardial norepinephrine and ACE activation are not essential for ischemic preconditioning in the isolated rat heart.