OBJECTIVE:To analyze the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) induced by acanthopanax injections so as to promote rational drug use in the clinic. METHODS: A total of 48 ADR cases induced by acanthopanax injections reported from clinical departments of internal medicine, surgery, bone injures and gynecology & obstetrics of our hospital since 2002 were analyzed. RESULTS: The ADRs of acanthopanax were characterized by drug fever, anaphylactic shock and drug eruption etc. CONCLUSION: The ADRs of acanthopanax injections varied and it can even result in severe ADRs, yet the related report is few. Clinicians and the nurses should attach great importance to the ADRs of acanthopanax injections.

Objective To assess the depression and cognition function in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSAHS) , and to study the relationship between the depression and severity of OSAHS, cognition disorders. Methods A total of 74 OSAHS patients (OSAHS group) and 39 normal controls ( control group) which all diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG) were chosen, and they were assessed the state of depression by self-rating depression scale ( SDS) and for cognition disorders by mini-mental state examination ( MMSE ). Results The score of SDS in OSAHS group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.01). In patients with OSAHS , the score of SDS was positively correlated with apnea hyponea index ( AHI) , which was negatively correlated with mean level of SaO_2 ( MSaO_2 ) and the lowest SaO_2 ( LSaO_2 ) (P<0.01 ). The score of MMSE in OSAHS group was significantly lower than that in the control group, which was negatively correlated with AHI(P<0.01) and positively correlated with MSaO_2 and the lowest LSaO_2(P<0.01 ). The score of SDS was negatively correlated with MMSE( r= -0.505, P<0.01). Conclusion OSAHS patients exit depression and cognition disorders, which was correlation to intermitten hypoxemia in frequently.

Objective The purpose is to report the clinical result of repairing defection in hand surgery by using both the vascular tissue flap and external fixators. Methods The vascular tissue flap including bone flap and joint flap to repair the complex defection (soft tissue, bones and joints) in hand and forearm were applied in 9 cases. At the same time in surgery,injured bones and joints were fixed by A-O and mini external fixators in order to keep the non-injured joint actively and accelerate the cure of bones. Result All 9 cases were applied successfully with the all transplanted tissue survived. Pulling about the external fixator about 10- 12 weeks after surgery showed bone union and the f unction of hand recovered satisfactorily' Conclusion it is a reliable method for repairing the complex tissue defection in hand and forearm by combining external fixation of traumarology and microsugery technique. And it is also characterized by a minor injury in transplanted bones,early exercise for joints,flap circulation observed conveniently,and nursing easily.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the profitability of listed pharmaceutical enterprises in China,and to investigate the ba-sic profitability path. METHODS:With the help of DuPont financial analysis system,the financial data of the listed companies and other manufacturing industry during 2007-2013 were collected and compared in terms of the return on equity(ROE),profit margin (PM),asset turnover (ATO) and equity multiplier (EM),etc. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:During 2007-2013,average ROE and PM of listed pharmaceutical companies both were higher than those of other manufacturing industry(10.00% vs. 6.40%, 11.50% vs. 6.49%);while average ATO and EM were lower than other manufacturing industry (0.65 vs. 0.73,1.90 vs. 2.19), with statistical significance(P<0.05). It has advantages in core earnings and product profitability while disadvantage in asset turn-over and financial leverage for the listed pharmaceutical companies. Listed pharmaceutical companies’gross margin was higher (42.87% vs. 22.07%),but was offset by the higher ratio of expenses to sales(18.24% vs. 5.61%)and insufficient utilization ratio of circulating assets. To change this situation,listed pharmaceutical enterprises should focus on circulation cost saving and the im-provement of assets operation ability,especially enhancing the utilization ratio of current assets.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of endothelin antagonist on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced pigmentation in guinea pigs.Methods A skin pigmentation model was established by UVB irradiation in guinea pigs.The modeled animals were divided into 3 groups to be treated with sodium chloride physiological solution (blank control group),an endothelin antagonist (endothelin antagonist group) and arbutin (positive control group),respectively.Before the UVB irradiation,as well as after 15-and 30-day UVB irradiation,Mexameter(R) MX 18 was used to detect the melanin index in the dorsal skin of guinea pigs.After 30-day consecutive treatment,melanin index,the number of melanocytes in the epidermis and melanin content were compared among the above 3 groups.Results After 30-day UVB irradiation,the melanin index in the 9 UVB-irradiated areas on the dorsal skin of guinea pigs significantly increased compared with that before the radiation (P ＜ 0.0001).After 30-day treatment with the 1‰ endothelin antagonist,the melanin index in the UVB-irradiated areas significantly decreased compared with that in the positive control group (P ＜ 0.0001).Melanin content index-1 (MCI-1) was significantly lower in the endothelin antagonist group than in the blank control group (P ＜ 0.05),while no significant difference in MCI-2 was observed among the 3 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Topical application of the endothelin antagonist has a certain therapeutic effect on UVB-induced pigmentation in guinea pigs.

Animals ; Corticosterone ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Long-Term Potentiation ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

AlM: To study the trabeculectomy clinical effect of use tunnel knife to make double - deck scleral flap and to cut off the layer scleral flap of glaucoma.METHODS: Using the random grouping method to divide 46 cases (60 eyes) of glaucoma into the treatment group of 24 cases (32 eyes) and control group of 22 cases (28 eyes). The treatment group, tunnel knife was used to make double- deck sclera flap and superficial scleral flap about the size of 5mm×5. 5mm, 1/3 scleral thickness, under the sclera flap made another one about the size of 3. 5mm× 4mm, 1/3 scleral thickness, resected the middle layer of the sclera flap, removed 2mm×2mm trabecular tissue, underwent routine peripheral iridectomy, could adjust suture the superficial scleral flap, sutured Ball fascia and bulbar conjunctiva. ln control group, routine glaucoma trabeculectomy was undergone.RESULTS:Patients were followed up for 1a, the vision in treatment group was obviously better than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P< 0. 05). The postoperative intraocular pressure of the two groups of patients were significantly lower than that of the preoperative one. Postoperative 1 and 3mo, no statistical significant difference of intraocular pressure in two group(P>0. 05). But after 6 and 12mo, the intraocular pressure of the treatment group were significantly lower than that of the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0. 05). Postopeartive 1a, the cumulative complete success rate and conditions for successful rate were 90. 63% and 96. 88% in the treatment group, and those were 75% and 89. 29% in control group. There was significant difference between two groups(P<0. 05).CONCLUSlON:The trabeculectomy have a good effect to lower the intraocular pressure by use tunnel knife to make double-deck scleral flap and to cut off the layer scleral flap. The scleral flap have uniform thickness, smooth surface, and the function of the filtering bleb maintained for a long time, less postoperative complications, suitable for various types of glaucoma, so it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To determine the effects of hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) expression on postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy in esophageal carcinoma. Methods 95 cases with esophageal carcinoms who received radical operation were analyzed with followed-up data from 1995 to 1998.Expression of HIF-1α in 45 patients with esophageal carcinoma who received radiotherapy after radical operation were deternlined by immunohistochemical method in contrast with 50 patients with esophageal carcinoma received surgery alone.Kaplan-Meier method and COX proportional hazard model were used to analyze.Results The positive expression of HIF-1α in esophageal carcinoma was observed mainly in the nucleus of tumor cells.The positive expression rate of HIF-1α in esophageal carcinoma was 58.9%.The expression of HIF-1α had no relationship with age,sex,histologic subtype and T stage,but had positive relationship with recurrence and distant metastasis.There was significant difference between patients with positive and negative HIF-1α protein expression in surgery alone and postoperation radiotherapy group. COX model analysis showed that HIF-1α had separate and significant impacts on prognosis in surgery group and surgery plus radiotherapy group. Conclusion Over expression of HIF-1α protein suggests a poor prognosis,and has tendency to resist radiotherapy in esophageal carcinoma.

Postgraduate education must be systematic and explicit.In recent years,the cultivation of domestic tertiary education for postgraduate students conducted a multi-disciplinary approach.This article give comment on the current postgraduate training objectives,methods,curriculum and training process,training instructors,and puts forward some problems to be discussed in depth.

Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Risk Assessment ; methods