China ; epidemiology ; Education, Medical, Continuing ; Hepatitis B ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; immunology ; Humans ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Vaccination

Background It is widely appreciated that many animal cells rely on the mechanism of regulatory volume decrease (RVD) after swell under the hypotonic environment,which involved in some processes of cellular physiology.But the RVD of lens epithelial cells(LECs) still is being further researched.Objective Present study was to clarify the possible mechanisms and influencing factors in the RVD of LECs.Methods Human LECs line (HLE B-3)were cultured and passaged in DMEM/F12 containing 10％ fetal bovine serum(FBS),and before volume measurement,cells were stuck to the base of a perfusion chamber,Ringer solution osmolality was decreased from 15％Hypo to 45％ Hypo,and the cells stimulated by 45％ Hypo Ringer solution were used as the control group.Some experiments were performed in the presence of high extracellular K+ concentration,chloride or potassium channel inhibitor,experiments were also carried out in the nominal absence of Ca2+,Cl-or HCO-3 to test the effect of a decrease in intracellular concentration of these ions on the cell volume response.The volume changes of living cells were measured by lag-time microphotograph acquisition and analysis system (IPP6.0).Results Time course of cell volume change after hypotonic shock in HLE B-3 cells was observed.The cell swelling was followed by a gradual volume recovery,indicating the presence of RVD was influenced by the hypotonic stress.Under the stimulation of 45 ％Hypo Ringer solution,the rates of RVD were (59.1 ±7.8)％.RVD was correlated positively to the maximum cell volume (r =0.99,P＜0.05)in S shape,and RVD changes were sensitive to alter maximum cell volume in the range of 115％-135％.RVD reduced to (16.5 ± 1.6) ％,(14.7 ± 2.3) ％,respectively after acted by potassium channel inhibitor,TEA(10 mmol/L)and BaCl2(5 mmol/L)as well as chloride channel inhibitor,NPPB(100 μmol/L)and DIDS(100 μmol/L),with significant differences in comparison with the control group(all P＜0.01).RVD decreased by(5.8±1.6)％ and(2.7±0.8)％ in high concentration of K+ in extracellular fluid and the absence of Cl-(P＜0.01).RVD was significantly inhibited under the absence of Ca2+.When the 45％ Ringer solution was pH6.8,the process of RVD delayed.The rate of RVD in the first ten minutes was (0.86±0.24)％/min,showing a significant decline in comparison with (3.24±0.84) ％ / min of pH 7.4 (P ＜0.05).Conclusions HLE B-3 have RVD ability under the hypotonic stress stimulation.A certain intracellular Ca2+ concentration is the premise of RVD activation,and Cl efflux and K+ efflux are the key mechanism of RVD of HLE B-3.Acidic environment of hypotonic solution delays the occurrence of RVD.

0.05) . The success rate of insertion at first attempt was similar (95%) in both groups. PLMA was placed in the correct position in 87.5% of the patients. The changes in BP and HR and the extubation or PLMA removal response were less in the PLMA group. Significantly less patients in PLMA group complained about sore throat after operation (P

The study of neuronal activity with low frequency has shown an increasing interest for its greater stability and reliability recent years. One challenge in analyzing this kind of activity is to find similarities and differences between signals efficiently and effectively. The traditional analysis methods, such as short-time Fourier transform, are easily obscured by background noises and often involve a large number of parameters. Therefore, this paper introduces a novel time-frequency analysis method based on wavelet transformation and half-ellipsoid modeling to extract instantaneous frequency and instantaneous phase information. This method overcomes some shortcomings of conventional time-frequency analysis. In this method, wavelet transformation is used to provide high-level representations of raw signals, and parsimonious half-ellipsoid models are used to extract changes in time domain and frequency domain of neural recordings. The method was validated to local field potentials (LFPs) of olfactory bulb of anesthetized rats during three different odor stimuli. The results suggested that this method could detect odor-relevant features from olfactory signals with large variability. The Odors then were classified with support vector machine (SVM) algorithm and the classification accuracy reached 79.4%.
Algorithms ; Animals ; Evoked Potentials ; Fourier Analysis ; Odorants ; analysis ; Olfactory Bulb ; physiology ; Rats ; Reproducibility of Results ; Smell ; physiology ; Support Vector Machine ; Wavelet Analysis

OBJECTIVETo analyzed the relationship between lumbar endplate Modic area changes rate and low back pain by measuring MRI T2 sagittal image of lumbar endplate Modic area changes rate.

METHODSFrom December 2011 to June 2012,70 patients with low back pain in operation were evaluated on pain by VAS and function by JOA,and examined by MRI including 39 males and 31 females with an average age of (51.00 +/- 11.89) years ranging from 29 to 72 years old. Among them, 54 cases had lumbar endplate Modic changes involving 15 cases in types Modic I ,21 cases in type Modic II, 11 cases in type Modic III ,mixed type Modic in 7 cases (eliminated for too few cases). Modic area changes and corresponding vertebral area were measured on MRI T2 median sagittal. The areas of two ways were compared to yield the rate of changes for Modic, for multisegmental Modic changes to calculate the total ratios. A correlation was observed among JOA, VAS and the rate of Modic changes.

RESULTSThe correlation coefficient of change rate of Modic I with JOA score was r = -0.308, P = 0.048 < 0.05, there was a negative correlation;the correlation coefficient of change rate of Modic I with VAS scores was r = 0.428,P = 0.021 < 0.05, there was a positive correlation. The correlation coefficient of change rate of Modic II with JOA score was r = -0.375, P = 0.043 < 0.05, there was a negative correlation;the correlation coefficient of change rate of Modic II with VAS score was r = 0.352, P = 0.041 < 0.05, there was a positive correlation. The area change rate of Modic III had no significant correlation with low back pain degree (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONModic I and II area changes rate of of patients with low back pain is closely related to the degree of pain low back pain, Modic III area changes rate is not significant correlated to the degree of lower back pain.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography

Objective:To investigate the current situation of network ethics among the college students , to pro-vide evidence for cultivating correct network ethics .Methods:A survey was conducted in 1200 students with a self-designed questionnaire .Results:College students in the network ethics exist conflicts .They eager to trust but face a crisis of confidence , tool enhancements but responsibility fall , network security but network open , virtual but reality.Conclusion:The government should strengthen the network legislation and network credit system , should increase the development of network security technology so as to build networks ethical norms .Colleges should pay attention to culture the social responsibility , and promote the quality level of network ethics among the college students .

The controversial results of several studies suggest that certain everyday-use chemicals may be linked to breast cancer. ln recent years, extensive researches have been carried out to under-stand breast carcinogenesis and the hedgehog(Hh) signaling pathway has emerged as a critical determi-nant of human breast cancer. Aberrant Hh signaling in adults results in carcinogenesis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This review is focused on the Hh signaling pathway and chemicals in the regulation of breast cancer development and provide an updated survey of pre-clinical and clinical trials of novel strategies to target them.

Aim To investigate the effects of rosiglitazone(ROZ)combined with cisplatin(DDP)on the growth of transplanted lung adenocarcinoma in mice and the corresponding mechanism.Methods The human lung adenocarcinoma mode was established with A549 cell in nude mice.Twenty eight female Balb/c-nu mice with lung adenocarcinoma were randomly divided into seven groups.① control group;② low-dose DDP group(1 mg?kg-1);③ high-dose DDP group(4 mg?kg-1);④ low-dose ROZ group(10 mg?kg-1);⑤ high-dose ROZ group(30 mg?kg-1);⑥ low-dose DDP plus low-dose ROZ group;⑦ low-dose DDP plus high-dose ROZ group;all the mice were sacrificed at 48 h after the last injection.Subcutaneous tumor was subjected to histological examination.Expressions of PPAR?、PTEN and pAkt in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results ① In every treatment group tumor growth was suppressed significantly.Intraperitoneal injection of low and high-dose DDP,low and high-dose ROZ,low-dose DDP plus low-dose ROZ and low-dose DDP plus high-dose ROZ group resulted in a significant inhibition of the growth of A549 cells in vivo compared with that of control group(P

Objective By detecting microsatellite instability(MSI) and loss of heterozygosity(LOH) in FHIT gene in sputum specimen,we intended to evaluate the sensitivity of FHIT gene detection to early diagnosis of lung cancer and explore effective method to screen lung cancer.Methods Based on liquid-based cytology,we collected and isolated sputum specimens in high risk group,abstracted DNA,and detected MSI and LOH in FHIT gene.Results The positive rate of MSI or LOH at single locus was between 41.6% and 49.5%;the site D3S1300 was the highest and it was 49.5%.At least 1 site out of 3 sites that had abnormal microsatellite accounted for 72.3% in lung cancer patients,two sites that appeared to change accounted for 45.5%,which was significantly different compared to non-lung cancer patients(P

Bring up high quality medical talents with innovative consciousness and practical ability is the aim of high medical ed- ucation.Improving the innovative ability of teachers and quality of teaching with the perfect combination of science and humanities, so as to improve our understanding of the importance and necessity of innovation education,and carry out an overall quality edu- cation which chiefly works for the training of students' innovative consciousness and practical ability during practicing period.