Objective To introduce a method using hydroxyapatite methylmethacylate cement implanted in the femoral head for the treatment of patients suffering from avascular necrosis of the femoral head due to different causes and to review the medium term follow up results. Methods From January 1990 to December 1995, eight hips in seven patients(male 4, female 3) with femoral head necrosis at Ficat stage Ⅲ were treated with the hydroxyapatite methylmethacylate cement implantation in the involved femoral head. Four osteonecrosis were secondary to femoral neck fracture, two were due to corticosteroid intake and one had alcohol abuse history. All patients complained pain and limited joint activity. The operation consisted of the removal of necrotic bone under weight loading cartilage with curet and the implantation of the hydroxyapatite methylmethacylate cement. The function of hip joint were well evaluated and X ray films were taken pre and postoperatively. The average postoperative follow up was 7.9 years, ranging from 5.1 to 11 years. Results Merle d Aubign? method was used to assess and compare the pre and post operative function of hip joint. The average score for unilateral cases increased from 8.66 to 15.5 at final examination. On radiography, the improvement of the contours of the femoral head was seen in all patients and most of them could preserve their initial postoperative contours during the follow up. No sign of expansion of the bone necrosis appeared in most of the patients, although certain patients presented various joint degeneration such as narrowing of joint space,sclerosis and osteophyte. Subjective evaluation was satisfactory except two suffering from painless limited activity of hip joint. Conclusion This method is relatively simple with less invasion and rapid postoperative recovery. It may be a choice of surgery for the treatment of certain femoral head necrosis at Ficat stage Ⅲ, especially for young patients.

Recently,the progress in employing transplanting stem cells to cure injured retina is very fast and has been continuously yielding exciting results.Various sources are used in the studies,including retina-derived cells such as M?ller cells and ciliary body cells,and non-retina-derived cells such as embryonic stem cells and brain-derived stem cells.This review briefly discusses the recent progress of these studies.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) catalyze the initial and rate limiting step in the catabolism of tryptophan, which is related to tumor immune tolerance and poor prognosis in patients. In this regard, two enzymes have become important therapeutic targets for tumor immunotherapy. So far, nine IDO1 inhibitors and three IDO1/TDO dual inhibitors have entered clinical trials. This review summarizes the research progress of IDO1 inhibitors, TDO inhibitors and IDO1/TDO dual inhibitors from the perspective of medicinal chemistry.

Objective To confirm subject headings which are prepared to be added, deleted and modified in the class of traditional Chinese medicine and related disciplines (TG class) for the new edition of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Subject Headings (CTMMeSH). Methods Compiling principle, word frequency statistics and database retrieval results were considered. Other references, such as MeSH, were also used to help choose subject headings of TG class. Results In TG class, 35 subject headings were planned to be added, such as “medicine, traditional Korean”and“TCM constitution”;35 subject headings were planned to be deleted, such as“medicine, eastern tradition”and“meridians”;19 subject headings were planned to be modified, such as “four-constitution medicine” and “Minority Medicine”. The subject headings of “Minority Medicine”were unified to harmonize the problems of“TCM pharmacy”with other classes of subject terms. Conclusion Subject headings of TG class are chosen based on word frequency statistics. The word form are unified refer to regulation, teaching materials and documents, and should coordinate with subject headings of other classes.

Objective To investigate the clinical effectiveness of dynamic hip screw (DHS) internal fixation and proximal femoral nail (PFN) internal fixation for intertrochanteric femoral fractures.Methods One hundred and sixty-five patients with intertrochanteric femoral fractures were randomly divided into 2 groups,85 patients were in DHS group and 80 patients were in PFN group.The clinical effectiveness,index in operative procedure and complications were compared between two groups.Results The fine rate of DHS group and PFN group was 75.3％(64/85 ) and 83.8％( 67/80 ) (P ＞ 0.05 ).The indexes of function recover time,fracture healing time,amount of bleeding in operation,operation time in PFN group were significant lower than those in DHS group [(54.3 ± 11.7 ) d vs.(92.6 ± 10.5 ) d,(63.8 ± 12.2) d vs.(71.3 ± 10.6) d,(453.3 ± 50.7) ml vs.(627.5 ± 46.8) ml,(77.9 ± 25.2) min vs.( 115.7 ± 32.8) min](P＜0.05 ).The rate of short-term complications was 16.2％ (13/80) in PFN group,and 12.9 ％ ( 11/85 ) in DHS group(P ＞ 0.05 ).The rate of long-term complications was 1.2％( 1/80 ) in PEN group and 4.7％(4/85 ) in plts group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions As the treatment of intertrochanteric femoral fractures,PFN internal fixation has less bleeding and better efficacy,and can improve function recovery.PFN internal fixation is a better method for unstable femoral fracture.

The primary function of optical in vivo imaging technique is tracing and detecting the action and expression of maker cells,maker microorganisms and maker molecules.This technique makes possible the noinvasive study of biological events continuously with high sensibility,simplicity and high speed.It has been applied in numerous research fields.This paper presents a review of principle and application of this technique.

We prepared protoplasts from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge suspension culture cells. Then, the protoplasts' vitality and functions were tested by fluorescein diacetate staining method and Fluo-3/AM flourescent probe. The optimal condition of protoplast isolation was Cellulase R-10 1.5%, Pectinase Y-23 0.3%, Macerozyme R-10 0.5%, 40 r/min 12 h, 600 r/min 5 min, and the protoplasts yield was 1.1x10(6) cells/g FW, the vitality was more than 95% by using fluorescein diacetate staining method. It has been confirmed that calcium fluorescent probe Fluo-3/AM can be successfully loaded into protoplasts.
Aniline Compounds ; chemistry ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cellulase ; chemistry ; Fluorescent Dyes ; chemistry ; Protoplasts ; chemistry ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; growth & development ; Xanthenes ; chemistry

AIM: To investigate antioxidative and antinitrosative effects of volatile oil from A.longiligulare T.L.Wu on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis mice. METHODS: Balb/c mice were fed with 4% DSS solution for 7 d to induce ulcerative colitis.Using biochemical method,the activity of antioxidative enzyme SOD,MDA and NO were determined in normal,model,SASP and three mouse's groups with low,moderate and high volatile oil from A.longiligulare T.L.Wu respectively.At the same time,the activity of iNOS was also measured by immunohistopathology. RESULTS: The concentration of MDA and NO were reduced and SOD increased significantly in high-and moderate-volatile oil groups compared with those in the model group.The activity of iNOS was reduced significantly in high-and moderate-volatile oil groups compared with those in the model group.The results demonstrated that the expression of iNOS was significantly inhibited in DSSinduced ulcerative colitis mice after being treated with high or moderate-dosage volatile oil. CONCLUSION: Volatile oil from A.longiligulare T.L.Wu has antioxidative and antinitrosative effects which may be one of the mechanism for treating UC.

Objective To analyze the characteristics and risk factors of preoperative deep vein thrombosis in patients with hip fracture,and provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment and intervention.Methods 470 patients with hip fracture were chosen as the objects of study.The clinical data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed,including age,gender,injury,combined with other systemic diseases,fracture type (whether old fractures),two D-dimer level.All the patients with deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity were divided into DVT group and nonDVT group.There were 83 cases in DVT group,387 cases in non-DVT group.The factors like aboves as independent variables,presence of deep vein thrombosis as dependent variable,,preoperative deep venous thrombosis of the characteristics and risk factors were analyzed.Results 83 patients had DVT,the incidence rate was 17.7％.There were significant difference in age (40/83 vs 268/387),combined with other system diseases (57/83 vs 283/387),prevention measures (58/83 vs 196/387),D-thrombosis two dimer level (16/83 vs 122/387) of the two groups (x2 =13.712,14.836,9.876,5.313,all P ＜ 0.05).3 age ≥ 40 years,with other system diseases and injury,did not take to prevent the formation of thrombus measures were independent risk factors influencing the occurrence of DVT.Conclusion Age ≥40 years,combined with other system diseases and injury,don't take to prevent the formation of thrombus measures are independent risk factors influencing the occurrence of DVT.

Aim To study the changes of the biological behavior of dermal fibroblasts in Ⅲ skin burns wound in rats using chitosan.Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups as follows:1% chitosan(W/V)group,2% chitosan(W/V)group,4% chitosan(W/V)group,bFGF(basic fibroblast growth factor) group and the control group.Rats were made for Ⅲ skin burns.The wound healing time was recorded,and the wound healing rate was calculated.Then the cell cycle and apoptotic dermal fibroblasts were determined and the amount of Hydroxyproline(HOP) in the skin tissue was analyzed.Results The wound healing rate of 4% chitosan(W/V) group was higher and the wound healing time of 4% chitosan(W/V) group was shorter than that of the control group.On the 7th,14th day post-injury,the content of protein of 4% chitosan(W/V) group was higher than that of the control group.The content of HOP of 2% and 4% chitosan(W/V) group was highest on the 7th day post-injury. Compared with that in control group,the percentage of cells of S stage in 4% chitosan(W/V) group was aboundant,and was reduced in apoptotic dermal fibroblasts.Conclusion The changes of cellular biological behaviors might be one of the mechanisms of that Chitosan could promote the wound healing of Ⅲ skin burns in rats significantly.