Objective To investigate the ability of social cognition in patients with right temporal lobe infarction.Methods Fifteen patients with temporal lobe infarction (TLI) and 20 healthy controls (HC) were examined with the recognition of faux pas and reading the mind in the eyes tasks for assessing the ability of social cognition.Results The TLI group performed significantly worse when compared with the HC group (28.6 ± 6.1,36.4 ± 4.3 respectively) as revealed in the total faux pas-related scores (U =41.00,P ＜0.01).For the control question,there was no significant difference between the TLI group and the HC group (9.86 ±0.35,10.00 ± 0.00 ; U =130.00,P =0.097).In the reading the mind in the eyes task,patients with TLI performed worse than the HC group(17.13 ±6.41,29.75 ±2.07 respectively),and the difference had statistical significance (U =0.00,P ＜ 0.01).But there was no significant difference in gender recognition judgment (30.37 ± 1.16,31.35 ± 1.08 respectively; U =106.00,P =0.129).Conclusions The right temporal lobe involves in social cognition.Moreover,the right temporal lobe not only involves in the verbal related social cognitive processing,but also involves in the no-verbal related social cognitive processing.

Objective To investigate the expression and distribution of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in renal tissues of early stage chronic kidney disease (CKD),and to elucidate its potential role in renal lesion.Methods Eighty-two patients of early stage CKD (stage 1 and 2) diagnosed as glomerulonephritis (GN) with different pathologic types by renal biopsy in our department between 2009 and 2012 were enrolled in the study.Renal tissues of eight patients with mismatched HLA haplotype or the normal part of renal cancer were chosen as controls.Scr,BUN,serum calcium,phosphorus,PTH and 25(OH)VitD3 were measured.Creatinine clearance (Ccr) was calculated by Cockcroft-Gault (CG)formula.99mTc-DTPA clearance rate was used to detect GFR.Patients were divided into mild,moderate and severe groups according to the renal interstitial extent of inflammatory cells infiltration.Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expression and distribution of PTH in renal tissues.Image-Pro Plus software was used to calculate A value of PTH in renal tissues and compare the extent of PTH expression.Results The levels of calcium,phosphorus,25(OH)VitD3 and PTH in peripheral blood from GN patients of CKD stage Ⅰ and 2 were normal.PTH had no correlation with the above indexes.PTH expression could be seen in renal tissues of all the GN patients with different pathologic types,and it mainly located in renal tubular,only a few in glomeruli and interstitium.The expression of PTH in renal tissues of GN increased compared with the controls (P ＜ 0.01).Furthermore,PTH expression elevated with the increase of inflammatory cells infiltration in interstitium.However the expression of PTH was not significantly different among different pathologic types of GN.Conclusions In the early stage CKD,PTH expression in patients of GN increases,which occurs earlier as compared to PTH elevation in peripheral blood and the imbalance of minerals and bone metabolism.The intensity of PTH expression is associated with the local inflammation.

Objective To investigate the values of three-dimensional visualization technology in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of hepatic hemangioma. Methods Thirty two patients with hepatic hemangioma who had been hospitalized during the period from July 2010 to January 2014 in our hospital were scanned by 64-slice spiral computerized tomography (CT) before surgical treatment. Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction based on the CT data was carried out to achieve dignosis and surgical planning. Assisted with the 3D model , we chose the best surgical procedure for liver resection, protecting the major blood vessels near hemangioma and retaining normal liver tissue as far as possible. Results The location, size and shape of hepatic hemangioma, vascular variation, and spatial relationship with intrahepatic vessel were shown factually by three-dimensional reconstruction. All the hemangiomas were preoperatively assessed to be resectable. The compliance rate for preoperative surgical planning to actual surgery was 100%. Under assistance of the 3D model during surgery , 14 patients received laparoscopic hepatectomy and 18 underwent hepatectomy. Pringle′s maneuver was applied in 18 patients , with blocking time of (15.32 ± 7.12) min and blood loss of (188.63 ± 66.37) mL. The postoperative complications included pleural effusion in 5 patients and incision infection in one patients. Conclusions Three-dimensional visualization technology for the individualized diagnosis and treatment of hepatic hemangioma helps reduce surgical trauma and incidence of postoperative complications.

Objective To observe the relationship between the change of endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide synthase(NOS) content and cerebral vasospasm after experiment Sprague-Dawley rat subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods SD rat got the tail artery blood and followed prone positioning in a stereotaxic apparatus, injected autologous arterial blood or saline into cisterna magna,2 d later injected in the same way. For basilar artery (BA),internal carotid artery(ICA) ,and middle cerebral artery(MCA) diameter measurements,gelatin-india ink vascular casted,the blood ET-1 and NOS content were detected by immunoradiology or colorimetry measurement. Results Microangiography in SAH showed extensive macroscopic filling deficit,the diameter of MCA,ICA and BA ((169.33 ±8.67)mm, (227.33 ± 14.25) mm, (226.33 ±5.99) mm respectively) were shorter than those in control group((259.5 ±7.48)mm,(228.17 ±8.09)mm,(254. 67 ±8.48)mm respectively) (all P<0.05). Neuronal function score of 7d(9.45 ±1.77) was higher than control group(0.60 ±0.49) (P<0.05). Content of ET-1 and NOS in blood after SAH 7 d were(231.25 ± 19.45)g/L,(198.50 ±9.52) × 103U/L) ,(72.99 ±5.83)g/L, (230.76 ±17.06) × 103U/L),for sham group,there was significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion Experiment rat double-hemorrhage method from tail artery can makes experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage model,neurological functional score is increased, neuronal function score is associated with diameter of MCA and ET-1 content.

AlM:To explore the primary culture conditions for four kinds of lens epithelial cells ( LECs) of rat, rabbit, dog, and human, and measure their growth characteristics.METHODS:The lens capsule or anterior capsular tissue of rat, rabbit, dog and patient were removed by different methods, and they were cut into tiny pieces for primary culture by modified tissue adherent method. The morphological features of four kinds of LECs were observed under an inverted microscope.RESULTS: Four kinds of LECs of rat, rabbit, dog and human could be cultured primarily by tissue adherent method. With the evolution of tissue source, the adherent capacity of LECs gradually strengthened, cells form were changed from irregular polygon to oval, nucleus rounded and cytoplasm enriched gradually. Four kinds of LECs had fibrotic changes after several passages.CONCLUSlON: LECs of rat, rabbit, dog and human can be primarily cultured. This method lays the foundation for the mechanism research of caratact and related fields on the cellular and molecular levels.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic mechanism of Jiawei Mojie Tablet (JMT) in treating primary dysmenorrhea (PD) by observing its effect on plasma oxytocin (OT) level in patients in menstrual period.

METHODSSixty-three patients with PD enrolled in the study were randomly divided into the JMT group (n = 33) and the control Group (n = 30, treated with Yueyueshu Granule) to observe the change of OT level in the menstrual period before and after treatment.

RESULTSOT level in patients with PD was obviously higher than that in healthy subjects (P < 0.01), and was positively correlated with the degree of pain (r = 0.738, P < 0.01). OT level reduced significantly after treatment (P < 0.01), the reduction was more significant in the JMT group than that in the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONJMT could reduce the OT level in menstrual period.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Dysmenorrhea ; blood ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Oxytocin ; blood ; Tablets

OBJECTIVESTo further investigate the effects of cisapride on intestinal bacterial overgrowth (IBO), bacterial and endotoxin translocation, intestinal transit and permeability in cirrhotic rats.

METHODS25 normal control rats, 25 cirrhotic rats, 20 cirrhotic rats received saline, and 20 cirrhotic rats treated with cisapride were included in the study. All animals were assessed with many variables including bacterial and endotoxin translocation, IBO, intestinal transit and permeability.

RESULTSBacterial translocation was found in 48%(12/25) cirrhotic rats and none of control rats. Among the 20 rats with IBO, there were 11 rats with bacterial translocation (BT) while only one rats occurred BT out of the 5 rats without IBO. Cirrhotic rats with IBO had a significantly higher rate of endotoxin translocation, higher intestinal permeability and longer intestinal transit than those without IBO. BT of a specific organism was always associated with IBO of that organism. Compared with the placebo group, cisapride-treated rats had lower rates of bacterial and endotoxin translocation and IBO, which had close relationship with shorter intestinal transit and lower permeability.

CONCLUSIONEndotoxin and bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats may be the result of IBO and higher permeability. IBO may be the result of longer transit. Cisapride which can accelerate intestinal transit and improve intestinal permeability is helpful in preventing and treating intestinal bacterial and endotoxin translocation.

Animals ; Bacterial Translocation ; drug effects ; Biological Transport ; Cisapride ; pharmacology ; Endotoxins ; metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; microbiology ; Male ; Permeability ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) are involved in the bradykinin-induced delayed protection.

METHODSCardiac contractility, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and infarct area were analyzed in isolated rat hearts undergoing ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by Langendorff method.

RESULTConscious rats received bradykinin (40 microg/kg), and the isolated hearts were subjected to 30 min of regional ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion 24 h later. Bradykinin pretreatment would improve post-ischemic performance, and reduced the release of LDH and infarct size. COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib (3 mg/kg) abolished bradykinin-induced protection, leading to poorer myocardial performance, release of more LDH and larger infarct sizes. Administration of HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP IX(20 microg/kg) before bradykinin partially abrogated the delayed protection. Pretreatment with the mitochondrial ATP sensitive potassium channel(mitoK(ATP) antagonist 5-HD before or 24 h after bradykinin administration also abolished the effect of protection.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that activation of HO-1 and COX-2 might be involved in the delayed cardioprotection evoked by bradykinin, and mitoK(ATP) channel may serve as both a trigger and a mediator in the cardioprotection.

Animals ; Bradykinin ; pharmacology ; Celecoxib ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; methods ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; enzymology ; prevention & control ; Potassium Channels ; physiology ; Pyrazoles ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sulfonamides ; pharmacology

The latent membrane protein 2 (LMP2) is a kind of protein expressed by EBV-infected cells. This study was aimed to investigate whether the stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with peptides induces EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). The peptides were mixture of LMP2 protein and available for people with different HLA types. Peripheral blood sample was collected from a patient with EBV-associated hemophagocytic syndrome. The mononuclear cells were isolated and cultured to obtain dendritic cells (DCs). Immature DCs were pulsed with MIX-LMP2 and added with different maturation-promoting factors. The auto-T lymphocytes were stimulated weekly with the harvested mature DCs loaded with MIX-LMP2, and totally for two times. Part of isolated lymphocytes was cultured without any stimulation as control. T-cell receptor (TCR) beta spectratyping was used to analyze the distribution of different T cell subgroups before and after culture. The phenotype of T lymphocytes was determined by flow cytometry. The IFN-gamma assay was used to estimate specific cytoxic activity of the cultured T cells. The results showed that the distribution of TCRbeta was changed according to analysis of TCR spectratypes. From the distribution of gene families of TCRbeta, the T lymphocytes were oligoclonal before culture, but shifted to a polyclonal after culture in vitro like the normalization of TCR diversity, suggesting the subgroups of lymphocyte could return to normal. The percentage of CD3+, CD3+CD8+ CD3+ CD45RA- CD45 RO+ on T lymphocytes from freshly isolated mononuclear cells were 70.73%, 42.99%, 27.56% respectively. After being stimulated twice with DC loaded with MIX-LMP2, they further increased to 95.17%, 52.54% and 81.41%. The percentages of CD3-CD56+ NK cells and CD4+CD35+ FOXP3+ regulation T cells seldom changed, from 2.12%, 0.03% to 2.35%, 0.02% respectively. The increase of CD3+CD45RA-CD45RO+ cells obviously indicated that most naive T cells could be activated. ELISA for IFN-gamma showed that when DCs loaded with LMP2 peptide were used as target cells, IFN-gamma level secreted by the T cells stimulated with LMP2 peptide-pulsed DCs was 805+/-16 pg/ml and 1729+/-49 pg/ml, the IFN-gamma level secreted by T cells stimulated twice with LMP2 peptide-pulsed DCs was 956+/-23 pg/ml and 2325+/-58 pg/ml respectively at effector-target ratios of 10:1 and 10:2. They were both significantly higher than that secreted by T cells without any stimulation (441+/-27 pg/m and 557+/-19 pg/ml) (p<0.05). But DCs unpulsed with LMP2 peptide were used as target cells, there were no significant differences between the T cells stimulated with LMP2 peptide-pulsed DCs and the T cells without stimulation (p>0.05). It is concluded that the antigen specific T cells recognizing EBV epitopes can be obtained by using DCs pulsed with MIX-LMP2 peptide in vitro, meanwhile the distribution of T cell subgroups can be changed and normalized.
Antigens, Viral ; immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Cysteine Endopeptidases ; immunology ; metabolism ; Dendritic Cells ; immunology ; metabolism ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte ; immunology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; immunology ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; immunology ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of percutaneous transhepatic radiofrequency ablation (PRFA) combined with tumor edge of percutaneous absolute ethanol injection (PEI) on liver cancer adjacent to major blood vessels.

METHODSSeventy five patients with liver cancer adjacent to major blood vessels were randomly divided into two groups: PRFA+PEI therapy group (38 cases) and PRFA control group (37 cases). Tumor necrosis rate, AFP levels, local recurrence rate, median for survival time and cum survival were used as the evaluation index to evaluate the efficacies of the two methods.

RESULTSTumor necrosis rates of the therapy group and the control group were 84.2% and 54.1% (P < 0.01), respectively; AFP levels of therapy group and control group at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment were (105.0 ± 35.5) μg/L, (28.4 ± 4.3) μg/L, (58.6 ± 6.7) μg/L, (89.5 ± 12.5) μg/L and (137.2 ± 34.6) μg/L, (84.2 ± 18.4) μg/L, (106.6 ± 20.3) μg/L, (173.7 ± 32.0) μg/L, respectively. The rates of therapy group was significantly lower than of control group. Local recurrence rates of the therapy group and control group were 2.6%, 7.9%, 13.2% and 31.6% vs 10.8%, 21.6% , 40.5% and 62.1% (P < 0.05) at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after treatment, respectively. Median for survival time of the therapy group and control group were 28.0 ± 2.8 months and 19.0 ± 3.6 months, respectively. Cum survival of the therapy group and control group were 84.2%, 78.9%, 60.5% and 31.6% vs 78.4%, 67.6%, 37.8% and 8.1% (P < 0.05) at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after treatment, respectively.

CONCLUSIONPEI as a supplementary treatment of PRFA can effectively improve the treatment of liver cancer adjacent to major blood vessels and significantly reduce the local recurrence rate and improve long-term survival rates.

Adult ; Aged ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; therapy ; Catheter Ablation ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Ethanol ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome