3.84, P

Objective To understand the drug tolerance of Augmentin for Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae spp and other pathogens Methods The MIC, MBC and bactericidal curves of Augmentin of 135 clinically isolated pathogenic bacteria were assayed The anti bacterial activity and clinical effect between Augmentin, Cefurxine, Ceftriaxone, Amoxicillin and Cefazolin were compared by MIC 50 , MIC 90 , MBC 50 , MBC 90 and modal number MIC,MBC Results Augmentin was better than the same kind of antibiotic without ? lactamase inhibitor It had a good effect for anti bacteria activity of extend spectrum ? lactamase (ESBLs) Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae spp Conclusion Augmentin can be used for infection of ESBLs and other common pathogenic bacteria, since it has a good anti bacterial activity for most clinicaly isolated pathogenic bacteria and productive enzyme bacteria

BACKGROUND:The cytokine has an effect of immunoregulation and immediate induction in the reconstruction of periodontal tissue. At present, the role and mechanism of hepatocyte growth factor involving the reconstruction of periodontal tissue under orthodontic force are stil unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanism underlying hepatocyte growth factor in the tooth movement and periodontal tissues remodeling under the inflammation periodontal tissue condition.
METHODS:Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 8 weeks, were used to establish periodontitis model. The obtained model was randomly divided into two groups:inflammatory control group and inflammatory force group. In the force group, rats were treated with the fixed orthodontic appliance by 50 g forces in the maxil ary first molars. After 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days of tooth movement, five rats were sacrificed respectively. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry methods were used to analyze the expression and distribution of hepatocyte growth factor in the periodontium for rats at different tooth movement stages.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that, remodeling of periodontal tissues existed in al groups. (2) The immunohistochemical results showed that hepatocyte growth factor had positive expression in periodontal tissue, and the distribution was even in the control group. In the force group, hepatocyte growth factor expression was increased and reached the peak on day 5, then began to decline. Osteoblast, fibroblast and osteoclast were strongly expressed. The findings indicate that, hepatocyte growth factor is involved in the periodontal tissues remodeling under orthodontic force, and inflammation can increase the expression of hepatocyte growth factor in periodontal tissue.

Purpose:To investigate the cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) expression in gastric carcinoma and investigate the effects of COX-2 expression on P-glycoprotein. Methods:The expression of COX-2 and P-glycoprotein was examined by immunohistochemical staining in 48 cases of gastric carcinoma and 10 cases of normal gastric tissues. Results:There was no positive signal of COX-2 detected in normal gastric tissue. The positive expression rate of COX-2 was 60.4 %(29/48) in gastric carcinoma. The expression of COX-2 was correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P

BACKGROUND:Active vitamin D3 plays an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes and its complications. OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence of active vitamin D3 on the liver of type 2 diabetes melitus rats, and its mechanisms. METHODS:A total of 35 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group, diabetes group and vitamin D3 group. In the diabetes group and vitamin D3 group, rats received high fat and high sugar diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to prepare rat models of diabetes melitus. In the vitamin D3 group, rats were intragastricaly given calcitriol dissolved in peanut oil 0.03 μg/kg per day. In the normal control group and diabetes group, rats were intragastricaly given peanut oil. 8 weeks later, rats were sacrificed and serum was isolated. Fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels were measured. Insulin resistance index in the steady-state model was calculated. The liver was retained, and subjected to hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the diabetes group, triacylglycerol and insulin resistance index were lower in the vitamin D3 group (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with the normal control group, sweling of the liver cels and fatty degeneration with inflammatory cel infiltration were found. Protein expression of JNK and C-Jun and phosphorylation levels, mRNA expression of JNK and C-Jun, tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1β increased in the diabetes group (P < 0.05). Liver cel sweling and fatty degeneration lessened, inflammatory cel infiltration reduced in the vitamin D3 group. Simultaneously, the expression of above factors was lower in the vitamin D3 group than in the diabetes group (P < 0.05). (3) Results suggested that the protective effect of vitamin D3 on the liver of rats with type 2 diabetes was possibly associated with its effect on downregulating JNK/C-Jun signaling pathway.

Objective To generate finite element models of human head based on segmented computer tomography data.Methods A four-step procedure was adopted to configure the coarse mesh.The method of longest edge propagation path and the edge collapse were used to refine and optimize the final mesh.The method was evaluated by means of computer simulations in a 3-concentric-sphere head model and a three-layer realistic geometry human head model.Results The present simulation results showed reliability and rationality of the finite element computation,thus indicate the suitability of the developed method.Conclusion A multi-tissue finite element model is obtained by using this method.It can be applied to the computation of finite element based bio-mechanics and bio-electromagnetism.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of Mekel diverticulitis,and to improve the cognition rate and diagnosis rate of the disease.Methods The clinical data of 7 patients with Mekel diverticulitis misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis were retrospectively analyzed,and the related literature was reviewed.Results 7 cases of Mekel diverticulitis were misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis before surgery,all corrected diagnosis and operation.One case of mild incision infection after surgery,the remaining 6 cases did not appear complications.After treatment were cured after 7-12d discharged.Conclusion Mekel diverticulitis is lack of specific clinical manifestations and effective auxiliary examination method,easily misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis,when the clinical manifestations of appendicitis is not typical,need to further analysis,identification;when the surgery found appendix lesions are not coincide with clinical practice,the distal ileum should be routinely probed to determine the presence of Meckel diverticulitis.

Objective To explore the treatment effect and mechanism of A-NK cells on the subcutaneous trans?planted tumor of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma in nude mice through observing the external growth and hyperplasia of A-NK cells and to provide theoretical evidence for squamous cell carcinoma treatment. Methods A-NK cells and NA-NK cells were both derived from healthy human peripheral blood and cultured in vitro. Cell growth was observed under micro?scope. The squamous cell carcinoma model in nude mice was established through subcutaneous implanting of Tca8113 cells. Then they were randomly assigned into three groups who were injected with either saline solution, or A-NK cells or NA-NK cells paraneoplastically. All animals were sacrificed after 33 days when tumor were isolated then weight and change in tumor size were assessed. Finally curve of tumor growth was drawn. Results Under the microscope, the proliferation of A-NK cells peak in 15 days and NA-NK cells peak in 12 days. After 3 weeks, the number of A-NK cells increased by 39.33 times while the number of NA-NK cells increased by 16.33 times. The Volume of tongue squamous cell carcinoma in saline solu?tion group was larger than that in A-NK cells and NA-NK cells groups, and volume in the NA-NK cells group was larger than that in A-NK cells group. The volume of tongue neoplasms in different groups, time, and interaction effects are statisti?cally significant (P<0.01). The tongue neoplasms weight in the saline solution group was greater than that in the A-NK cells and NA-NK cells group, and the weight in NA-NK cells group was greater than that in A-NK cells group, and the difference are statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion A-NK cells and NA-NK cells can significantly inhibit the subcutane?ous transplanted tumors in nude mice and the anti tumor effect of A-NK group is stronger than NA-NK.

Objective To explore the changes of Bcl-xl levels and activities in hippocampus resulting from sleep deprivation, and then to reveal the mechanism for rapid antidepressant aroused by sleep deprivation.Methods 40 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, chrinic stress group, sleep deprivation group and tank contral group.10 rats in each group.The depression animal model was established by chronic mild unpredictable stress(CUMS) methods.Sleep deprivation was preformed by the modified multiple platform method ( MMPM ).The animal model and the effect of antidepressant were evaluated by the open field test.The expression levels of Bcl-xl were separately observed by immunohistochemical technology in hippocampus CA1 ,CA3 and DG.Results 1.Compared with the normal control rats, ambulation ( 35.30 ± 18.77,81.30 ± 18.41, P ＜ 0.01 ) and rearing (20.50 ±4.84,27.70 ± 8.19, P＜0.05 ) increased ,and the stopping time in the center decreased (4.60 ± 1.35,2.20 ± 1.55, P ＜ 0.01 ) in the CUMS depressant animal model.2.The Bcl-xl average values of optical density (OD) in hippocampus CA1 ,CA3 ,DG of the model group was lower than that of the normal control group significantly (0.1356 ±0.0224,0.1389 ±0.0250,0.1457 ±0.0162;0.1725 ±0.0327,0.1734 ±0.0261,0.1768 ±0.0271; P＜0.01 ) ,and that of the sleep deprivation group was higher than that of the model group (0.1621 ± 0.0128,0.1603 ± 0.0137,0.1625 ± 0.0192 ;0.1356 ± 0.0224,0.1389 ± 0.0250,0.1457 ± 0.0162; P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Rats showed depressive behaviors after 21 days stresses,while 72 hours sleep deprivation could reverse this effect.The up regulation of the expression and phosphorylation of Bcl-xl by sleep deprivation may participate in the antidepressant-like effect of sleep deprivation.

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) catalyze the initial and rate limiting step in the catabolism of tryptophan, which is related to tumor immune tolerance and poor prognosis in patients. In this regard, two enzymes have become important therapeutic targets for tumor immunotherapy. So far, nine IDO1 inhibitors and three IDO1/TDO dual inhibitors have entered clinical trials. This review summarizes the research progress of IDO1 inhibitors, TDO inhibitors and IDO1/TDO dual inhibitors from the perspective of medicinal chemistry.