Based on the present situation analysis of nursing experimental teaching for undergraduate,reform was carried out through our innovating experimental teaching philosophy,integrating experimental teaching curriculum,compiling experimental teaching materials,establishing experimental teaching inspection and assessment system and consummating management mechanism of experimental teaching center,and some developing thoughts were also proposed.

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of intravenous parecoxib combined with femoral nerve block on postoperative analgesia and knee functional rehabilitation in elderly patients following total knee replacement.MethodsForty elderly patients with osteoarthritis schedu[ed for total knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia,aged 65-74 years,weighing 45-90 kg,ASA [Ⅱ,were randomly divided into two groups( n ＝ 20 each).FNB group received femoral nerve blockade for postoperative analgesia ( local injection of 0.25 ％ ropivacaine 25 ml at the end of surgery,repeated every 8 h up to 72 h after surgery).FNB-Pa group received the femoral nerve blockade plus the parecoxib (administered Ⅳ bolus of 40 mg 30 min before the end of surgery,12,24,and 48 h after surgery respectively).Pain was scored at rest or during continuous passive motion using Visual Analog Scale (VAS).The Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score was determinated before surgery,at 24,48 and 72 h after surgery respectively.Side effects were also recorded in both groups.Results VAS score was significantly lower at rest and during continuous passive motion in FNB-Pa group than in FNB group ( P < 0.05).Compared with baseline value,HSS score increased significantly during postoperative analgesia in both groups( P < 0.05 or 0.01 ).HSS score were significantly higher at 48 h and 72 h after surgery in FNB-Pa group than in FNB group ( P < 0.05).No severe related side effects occured in both groups.ConclusionFemoral nerve block in combination with intravenous parecoxib can safely and effectively relieve the static and dynamic pain after total knee replacement and is helpful for rehabilitation of the prosthesis knee joint function after surgery.

REG4,as a member of regenerating gene family,involves in proliferation and differentiation of gastrointestinal tract cells.Recent studies have shown that REG4 gene expression is upregulated in gastrointestinal cancer,pancreatic cancer,gallbladder cancer and prostate cancer,and associated with tumorigenesis,metastasis and poor prognosis of these carcinomas.Further studies have indicated that not only does REG4 play an important role in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal carcinoma,but also is closely linked with the effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

The afferent connections to the periaqueductal gray in the rat were examined by means of retrograde axonal transport method using horseradish peroxidase (HRP).The microinjection syringe needle or micro-electrophoretic pipette was inserted stereotaxically by an oblique approach through the cerebellum. HRP was introduced into the dorsal, lateral, ventrolateral areas of periaqueductal gray or periventricular gray of ventriculus Ⅲ at posterior commissure level respectively.The results were as follows:1. Injections of HRP in the dorsal area of periaqueductal gray(PAG).Numerous labeled cells were consistently found in the paraventricular nucleus, dorsomedial and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei, posterior hypothalamic nucleus, medial mamillary nucleus, zona incerta, lateral and ventral nuclei of periaqueductal gray, superior colliculus, inferior colliculus, dorsal raphe nucleus and periventricular gray of ventriculus Ⅳ. In some cases, a smaller number of cells was found in the zona reticulata of the substantia nigra, and lateral hypothalamic nucleus. In one case, the enzyme was injected into the dorsal area of PAG, which diffused to the superior and inferior colliculi, resulted in labeling of Forel's field and reticular nucleus of thalamus.2. Injection of HRP in the lateral area of PAG.HRP-positive cells were observed within the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, paraventricular nucleus, anterior hypothalamic nucleus, ventro-medial hypothalamic nucleus, medial thalamic nucleus, nucleus interstitialis magnocellularis, commissural posteriors, zona incerta, ventral nucleus of PAG, zona reticulata of substantia nigra, formatio reticularis of mesencephalon, dorsal raphe nucleus, and periventricular gray of ventriculus Ⅲ and Ⅳ. In some cases, a small number of cells was found in the supraoptic nucleus, superior and inferior colliculi.3. Injection of HRP in the ventrolateral area of PAG.In all cases the greatest number of HRP-positive neurons was shown in the supraoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, periventricular gray of ventriculus Ⅲ, lateral nucleus of PAG, zona reticulata of substantia nigra, dorsal raphe nucleus and locus coeruleus. The labeled cells were mainly located ipsilaterally. But the labeling of supraoptic nucleus was observed bilaterally. In one case the enzyme diffused to the reticular formation, a smaller number of cells was found in nucleus cuneifomis and mesencephalic reticular formation of more caudal position.4. Injection of HRP in the periventricular gray of ventriculus Ⅲ.Following the injections of HRP in the periventricular gray of ventriculus Ⅲ, numerous HRP-positive cells were consistently observed in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, supraoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus, medial nucleus pars medialis of thalamus, zona incerta, ventral nucleus of PAG, zona reticulata of substantia nigra, dorsal raphe nucleus and locus coeruleus.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the protective effect of the extracts from Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and Alisma orientalis against acute kidney injury induced by diethylene glycol (DEG) and its action mechanism. METHODS: The acute kidney injury model of mice was induced by intragastric administration of DEG. Then the model mice were administered intragastrically with the extracts of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and Alisma orientalis. Serum levels of creatinine(Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX) and the content of malonaldehyde(MDA) were determined. RESULTS: After administration of DEG, the mice presents with obvious toxic reactions including the increase of the ratio of kidney to body weight, the increase of serum levels of BUN and Cr, the decrease of the activities of SOD and GSH-PX in kidney tissue, the increase of the content of MDA. However, after treatment with the extracts of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and Alisma orientalis, the toxic symptoms in mice were attenuated markedly, the ratio of kidney to body weight decreased, serum levels of BUN and Cr decreased significantly, the activities of SOD and GSH-PX in renal tissues increased and the content of MDA decreased. CONCLUSION: The remarkable protective effect of the extracts from Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and Alisma orientalis against DEG-induced acute kidney injury in mice might be related to its actions of improving the activity of antioxidase of kidney while inhibiting lipid peroxidation.

CYP3A plays central roles in the oxidative and reductive metabolism of a variety of enogenous as well as exogenous compounds, it is very important to study about regulation of CYP3A geneexpression. This article reviews the recent development of molecular mechanism of regulation of CYP3A gene expression and CYP3A mutation. The relationships between CYP3A mutant and some diseases are also introduced.

Objective To probe the transplantation of skeletal muscle satellite cells of new-born rats for repairing skeletal muscle contusions. Methods Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley adult rats were separated at random into experimental and control groups (including a normal saline control group and a normal control group). Contusions were created on the left hind legs of rats in the experimental group. The cells were cultured and antibodies were identified through immunocytochemical staining and fluorescence labeling. In the experimental group, 0.2 ml of a muscle satellite cell suspension was slowly injected into the medial and lateral heads of the right calf gastrocnemius. The normal saline control group was injected with an equal volume of normal saline solution at the same sites. On the 5th, 10th and 15th day after the operation, EMG wave-amplitude and wave-width were recorded. The recovery rate of the muscle's wet weight and the gray value of a muscle fiber transverse section were determined.Two-factors analysis of variance was performed on the data. Results Before transplantation the muscle satellite cells were bright red after staining and their nuclei were blue after fluorescence labeling. After the operation the number of cells fluorescing and the strength of the fluorescence gradually decreased. The transplanted cells formed myotubes, melted into the muscle tissue and gradually took part in the restoration. The stained muscle satellite cell nuclei were free in intercellular space and melted into the basement membrane gradually. The outlines of the muscle tissue became progressively clearer. EMGs showed the fibrillation potentials as well as positive sharp waves reduced, but they too tended to become similar to those from the normal side. Restoration of EMG wave-amplitude and wave-width in the experimental group was better than in the saline control group and close to those in the normalcontrol group. The gray value of the muscle fiber transverse section area under HE staining was significantly lower at the 5th day post transplantation in both the experimental group and the saline control group than in the normal control group. At the 10th and 15th days post transplantation, the average gray value in the experimental group had increased significantly more than in the saline control group, and it was close to the normal control group average. In the experimental group the recovery rate of muscle wet weight was close to 1, but in the saline control group it was less than 1. Conclusions Transplanting skeletal muscle satellite cells of new-born rats can produce evident effects in renovating injured muscles.

Objective To explore the relationship between cytogenetics with therapy and prognosis in myelodysplastic syndrome.Methods 124 cases of myelodysplastic syndrome from September 2005 to October 2009 were reviewed.124 cases contained 79 males and 45 females,aged 14 to 79 years,median age was 57 years old.26 cases were diagnosed as RA,13 cases as RAS,21 cases as RCMD,29 cases as RAEB-Ⅰ,35 cases as RAEB-Ⅱ.According to the karyotype,124 cases were divided into two groups,79 cases of normal karyotype and 45 cases of abnormal karyotype.Patients were followed up for three years in order to analyze the incidence of myelodysplastic syndrome changed into acute leukemia.Results In 39 patients diagnosed as RA and RAS,32 cases were with normal karyotype and 7 cases (17.9 ％) with abnormal karyotype.15 of 32 cases with normal karyotype achieved hematologic remission after treatment while only 1 of 7 cases with abnormal karyotype achieved remission.1 case with abnormal karyotype changed into acute leukemia after 2 years.In 85 patients diagnosed as RCMD,RAEB-Ⅰ and RAEB-Ⅱ.Difference of the lower incidences of RA and RAS changed into acute leukaemia during 3 years in normal karyotype and abnormal karyotype groups was statistically insignificant (P ＜ 0.05).The incidences of RCMD,RAEB-Ⅰ and RAEB-Ⅱ changed into acute leukemia were higher,especially in the abnormal karyotype group with 42.1 ％.Conclusion Myelodysplastic syndromea with abnormal karyotype is associated with poorer efficacy of therapy,higher incidence of changing into acute leukaemia.The patients can take early allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to improve the prognosis.

Objective:To observe the clinical effects of acupuncture at Jiaji (EX-B 2) points plus tuina manipulation for thoracic facet joint disorder, and get new clinical evidence for treatment of thoracic facet joint disorder. Methods:Totally 106 patients with thoracic facet joint disorder were randomly allocated into an observation group and a control group based on the random number table. Patients in the control group were treated by tuina manipulation, while those in the observation group were treated by acupuncture at Jiaji (EX-B 2) points before tuina manipulation. Patients in the two groups were treated once a day. The improvements of signs and symptoms and the efficacy were observed after 3 treatments. Results:After treatment, there were intra-group statistical differences in scores of 8 signs and symptoms in both groups (P<0.01); the score of each item in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and there was statistical significance in the inter-group difference (P<0.05). The cure rate of the observation group was 50.9%, versus 26.4% in the control group, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion:In treating thoracic facet joint disorder, acupuncture plus tuina manipulation can restore the biomechanical balance of thoracic vertebrae, fully maximized the combined effect, and significantly improve the clinical efficacy.

Objective To study the deep vein thrombosis (DVT ) in lower extremities of patients with or without cardiovascular disease after fracture .Methods Five hundred and eighty-four frac-ture patients were divided into cardiovascular disease (CVD) group (n=235) and non-cardiovas-cular disease (NCVD) group (n=349) .Patients in CVD group were further divided into subgroup A (with essential hypertension) ,subgroup B (with CHD) ,and subgroup C(accompanying essen-tial hypertension and CHD) .Incidence of DVT in CVD group ,NCVD group ,subgroups A-C at different ages after fracture was compared .Results The incidence of DVT was significantly high-er in CVD group than in NCVD group (P<0 .01) ,in two groups on days 0-7 after fracture than on days 8-14 or >14 after fracture ,and in patients with their age ≥60 years than in those with their age <60 years .Conclusion DVT is easier to occur in CVD patients with their age ≥ 60 years than in those with their age <60 years after fracture .DVT usually occurs within 1 week af-ter fracture .Importance attached to high risk population and measures taken as soon as possible against it can reduce DVT after fracture .