Objective To assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of gatifloxacin gel to bacterial conjunctivitis. Methods Double-blind and random selection were designed for the study,with levofloxacin gel as the control medicine.Thirty-six eyes of the experimental group and 36 of the control group were eligible for evaluation.Each eye received the gel one drop a time and three times per day.The gels were applied to the conjunctiva sac for 7 d. Results The clinic effectiveness of experimental group and control group were 88.89% and 91.67%,which indicated no significant difference.Microbial eradication rates were 90.48% and 93.75%,no significant difference either.Safety composite scores were similar between groups. Conclusion Gatifloxacin ophthalmic gel is safe and effective for treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis,and contains certain clinical value.

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a viral infectious disease regarded to be a public-health problem worldwide. Since the 1990s, HFMD began to spread in the Asia-Pacific region (especially in South-East Asia). HFMD outbreaks have occurred in mainland China frequently since 2008, and the morbidity and mortality of HFMD has continued to increase in recent years. In mainland China, enterovirus A serotype enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) have been the major pathogens of HFMD during these years. However, the etiological spectrum of HFMD changes with time. This review focuses mainly on the etiological spectrum of HFMD and changes in epidemic patterns in mainland China.
China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Enterovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Prevalence

Intracranial aneurysms are a severe cerebrovascular disease.Its incidences ranged from 2% to 4% in general population.With the population aging and the development of imaging technique,the prevalence of intracranial aneurysm is increasing year by year.The research of natural course of aneurysm has important significance for neurosurgeons to evaluate the validity of therapeutic measures.There are significant differences between the patients with aneurysm who have had subarachnoid hemorrhage and those who have not.The rates of ruptured intracranial aneurysms per year ranged from 0.066% to 2%.The risk factors that affect ruptured intracranial aneurysms including the size and place of aneurysm,whether it is multiple aneurysms or not,growth rate,and self-factors of patients,such as age,sex,and history of hypertension and smoking,etc.

Objective To detect TRAF1 gene single nucleotide polymorphism in Han population ,and analyze its association with increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Han people. Methods The study group was comprised with 100 healthy Han subjects and 100 Han RA patients. Six SNPs was detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS), and the result was analyzed by Haploview software. Fisher's exact test and χ2 test were used for statistical analysis.Results The rs4836834 A/A, A/T, T/T allele frequencies of RA group were 22.22%, 49.49%, 28.28% respectively. The rs4836834 A/A, A/T, T/T allele frequencies of healthy control group were 28.57%, 30.61%,40.82% respectively. There was significant difference (P<0.05) of rs4836834 between Hah patients with RA and healthy controls. For other five sites, including rs10818488, which had been reported to be associated with increased risk of Caucasians RA patients, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between RA group and the control group. The linkage disequilibrium and haplotype frequency analysis results showed that there was strong linkage disequilibrium between rs7021049 and rs7021880, rs7021049 and rs4836834, rs7021880 and rs4836834, but there was no significant difference between RA group and the control group in the haplo-type frequencies of the three classes of linkage disequilibrium. Conclusion TRAF1 gene may be a susceptible gene associated with Han RA people, but its single nucleotide polymorphisms and performance may be different between Caucasians and Han people.

[Objective]To sum up Mr. Zhu Xiankang’s clinical experience in treating children multiple tourette syndrome with nourishing kidney to soothe liver and relieving dizziness to remove sputum. [Method] By expounding the reason and mechanism, treating rules and formula of children multiple tourette syndrome, as wel as analyzing typical clinical cases, it expounds Pro. Zhu Xiankang ’s experience in treating the said disease with his method. [Re-sult] In his view, the disease owes to excessive five sensations, wind sputum accumulated inside, with mechanism of deficient kidney and hyperactivity of liver, wind sputum blocking col aterals, should take nourishing kidney to soothe liver and relieving dizziness to remove sputum as basic method;he applied revised Dingchou Decoction to treat 1 case of multiple tourette syndrome; after 3m, the un-automomous spasm disappeared gradual y, the patient had good appetite and sleep, al symptoms were relieved, and he was cured. [Conclusion] Mr. Zhu Xiankang ’s clinical experience in treating children multiple tourette syndrome has enlightenment to pediatrics clinic.

Three aspects of advances in study on the carcinogenicity of alga toxins are reviewed in this paper. Water pollution by alga toxins has become a worldwide environmental problem, and special attention has been paid to the potential carcinogenicity of microcystins, the main alga toxin. Results from the study on structure_activity relationship, short_term screening assay in vitro and long_term rodent carcinogenesis bioassay all showed that alga toxins possessed tumor_promoting activities. It suggested that inhibition of protein phosphatase activities, induction of expression changes of cell proliferation_related genes, dysregulations of signal transduction and cell proliferation might be the mechanisms of the carcinogenesis effect of alga toxins.

Objective:To forecast Urban Employees' Basic Medical Insurance ( UEBMI) in the next 85 years based on population size, age and gender distribution, and to calculate its sustainability gap. Methods:According to the population policy of Beijing and economic development of the region;based on the data of the sixth census in Bei-jing, the estimation model was constructed, and its parameters were defined and selected. Based on the period of 2010, the future of UEBMI in the next 85 year was predicted based on the population size, age and gender distribu-tion. Results:The population of UEBMI in Beijing will reach the maximum value in 2020, and then the downward trend will increase. The aging rate of the insured population will accelerate year after year and will reach the peak in the middle of this 21st century. The sustainability gap is predicted to reach at least 9541. 35 Billion dollars, and the Beijing municipal government is expected to level an average of at least 44 . 693 billion yuan per year to set aside the financial funds in order to fill the gap, so sustainable development of the fund is ensured. Conclusion:From the point of view of the insured population, there is a huge financial sustainability risk in the future of UEBMI in Beijing.

The development of formulas in the Ming Dynasty surpassed the previous dynasties in range and depth.The main achievements of formulas were not only the coming out of Puji Fang and Yifang Kao,but also the diversity of formulas nomenclature and variation,initial perfection of formulas classification and composition,continuous invention of new distinctive formulas,steady increment of remedy books and wide application of preparations.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (pNET)is a rare type of pancreatic tumors.The incidence of pNET shows a gradually increas-ing trend in recent years.The most common organ of distant metastases is the liver.Surgical resection is still the optimal treatment for resect-able,well -differentiated liver metastases with no evidence of extrahepatic spread.For unresectable patients,a combination of multiple mo-dalities,such as transarterial chemoembolization,radiofrequency ablation,systemic chemotherapy,and molecular targeted therapy,can pro-long the survival time of patients.Liver transplantation should be strictly evaluated on an individual basis.

C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase reaction protein,which is very sensitive to the inflammatory reaction.Many studies have confirmed that CRP is closely correlated with ischemic stroke and atherosclerosis.However,studies on correlation between CRP and intracerebral hemorrhage are less.This article reviews the relationship between CRP and intracerebral hemorrhage.