Objective To evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided botulinum toxin A injection into the salivary glands in treating patients with sialorrhea attributable to brain damage.Methods Nine subjects with sialorrhea attributable to traumatic brain injury (n =5),cerebral infarction (n =3) and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (n =1) were recruited into the study.With the guidance of ultrasound,15 units (U) of botulinum toxin type A was injected into the highest and lowest points of the two parotid glands,and 20 U was injected into two points of both submandibular glands.The saliva flow rate and the severity and frequency of sialorrhea were recorded before the treatment and 1 week,4 weeks and 12 weeks later using the Drooling Scoring System (DSS).Results The saliva flow rate before treatment (0.49 ± 0.12 g/min) decreased significantly to 0.24 ± 0.08 g/min after 1 week,but then increased again to 0.28 ±0.12 g/min after 4 weeks and 0.34 ±0.11 g/min after 12 weeks.The average DSS severity score showed the same pattern:4.35 ± 0.48 initially 1.92 ± 0.37 after 1 week,1.92 ± 0.37 after 2 weeks and 2.32 ± 0.64 after 12 weeks.The DSS frequency score,however,remained significantly lower:3.56 ± 0.49 initially,2.01 ± 0.42 after 1 and 4 weeks and 2.28 ± 0.63 after 12 weeks.Conclusion Botulinum toxin type A can effectively improve the salivary secretion and sialorrhea attributable to brain damage.

Objective To investigate the effects of nursing intervention on the treatment of children with acute bronchitis in the outpatient department.Methods 120 cases of children diagnosed with acute bronchitis in the outpatient department were randomly selected and divided into intervention group and control group. Both groups received routine therapy and nursing. Intervention group was treated with nursing intervention including treatment,prevention,health care,and cognition.Clinical manifestations and treatment effects were evaluated for two groups.Results Treatment effects for the intervention group was 51.67％ and significantly higher than the control group (33.33％ ); The total efficacy for the intervention group is significantly higher than that for the control group (81.67％ vs 71.67％ respectively; x2 =4.19,P ＜0.05).In terms of clinical manifestations,significant more patients had disappeared coughing,Wheezy phlegm,wet rales,less days for body temperature return to normal in the intervention group than in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Nursing intervention for acute bronchitis pediatric outpatients enhances treatment effect,relief the symptoms,shorten the duration of the disease and improves the cure rate. It is worth of clinical promotion.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of different fertilization methods on the outcomes of elective blastocyst culture.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of elective blastocyst culture for 1 153 cycles of IVF and 205 cycles of ICSI performed between january 2009 and December 2012.

RESULTSA total number of 14 748 embryos in the IVF group and 2 655 embryos in the ICSI group underwent sequential blastocyst culture, with 7 871 blastocysts formed in the former and 1 210 in the latter. No cycles were canceled for no blastocyst formation in either of the two groups. The rates of quality embryos, blastocyst formation and embryo utilization were significantly higher in the IVF than in the ICSI group (64.77 vs 58.72%, 53.37 vs 45.57%, and 60.06 vs 52.17%, all P < 0.05), but the rates of implantation, clinical pregnancy and abortion showed no significant differences between the two groups (48.94 vs 51.43%, 49.03 vs 52.02%, and 11.69% vs 15.56, all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWith the same inclusion criteria of selective blastocyst culture, IVF has a lower risk of cycle cancellation due to no blastocyst formation and therefore may effect higher rates of blastocyst formation and embryo utilization than ICSI. Our study suggested that appropriate inclusion criteria of selective blastocyst culture should be laid down according to different fertilization methods.

Adult ; Blastocyst ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; methods ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation and nerve growth factor (NGF) on neurological function recovery in rats with ischemic stroke induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).

METHODSCultured hippocampal NSCs isolated from neonate rats were labeled with BrdU. Sixty-four rats subjected to transient MCAO were randomized equally into 4 groups, namely group A (MCAO model group), group B (model group with NGF treatment, group C (model group with NSC transplantation), and group D (model group with both NGF and NSC transplantation). The neurological deficits of the rats were evaluated with neurological severity score (NSS) after the treatment, and the brain tissues were examined with immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining for BrdU and nestin expression.

RESULTSThe NSS of rats in group D 2 and 4 weeks after transplantation was significantly lower than that in the other 3 groups (P<0.05), and the scores in groups B and C were significantly lower than those in group A (P<0.05). The number of BrdU- and nestin-positive cells was significantly greater in group B than in group A (P<0.05), and BrdU-positive cells were markedly more numerous in group D than in group C (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth NSC transplantation and NGF treatment can obviously improve the neurological function of rats after MCAO, but their combined use shows stronger effects. NGF can promote autologous NSC activation and proliferation, with also stimulatory effect on the proliferation of transplanted NSCs.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain Ischemia ; therapy ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery ; therapy ; Male ; Nerve Growth Factor ; therapeutic use ; Neurons ; transplantation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Stroke ; therapy

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of avastin combined with oxaliplatin ( L-OHP ) +5 -fluorouracil ( 5 -FU ) +leucovorin ( LV ) ( FOLFOX4 ) on the treatment of advanced metastatic colorectal cancer( MCC).Methods Eighty four patients with MCC were recruited from April 2011 to December 2013 in our hospital.Of the included 84 cases, 39 patients received avastin plus FOLFOX4 regimen and other 45 cases received FOLFOX4 chemotherapy only.FOLFOX4 regimen:L-OHP 85 mg · m -2 by travenous drip in 2 hours on day 1 and LV 200 mg· m -2 by intravenous drip in 2 hours on day 1 and 2, 5-FU 400 mg· m-2 by intravenous injection on day 1 and 2 and 5-FU 600 mg · m-2 by intravenous drip on day 1 and 2.Avastin regimen:avastin 10 mg· kg -1 +0.9%NaCl injection 100 mL by intravenous drip in 1 hour ( 90 min for the first time ) , once two weeks.After two cycles treatment, the data of objective response rate(ORR)and chemotherapy related adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The ORR and disease control rate ( DCR ) in avastin +FOLFOX4 group were much higher than those in FOLFOX4 group ( P<0.05 ).But the chemotherapy related adverse reactions were not statistically different between the two groups ( P >0.05 ).Conclusion FOLFOX4 chemotherapy regimen combined with avastin can significantly increase the clinical efficacy on patients with MCC, without increasing adverse reactions.

OBJECTIVETo study the difference and similarity between Hans and Uighurs in regard to Rhesus box and its significance.

METHODSThe sequence specific primers of upstream, downstream and hybrid Rhesus boxes were designed on the basis of RHD gene sequence. The upstream, downstream and hybrid Rhesus boxes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer(PCP-SSP) and mismatched PCR.

RESULTSThe percentage of RHD-/RHD-, RHD+/RHD- and RHD+/RHD+ genotypes ascertained in the unrelated Hans with RhD(-) were 61.40%, 34.21% and 4.39% respectively, while those in the unrelated Chinese Uighurs with RhD(-) were 94.44%, 2.78% and 2.78% respectively. Furthermore, all 6 cases of some other minorities were RHD-/RHD- types. The percentage of RHD-/RHD- and RHD+/RHD- genotypes ascertained in the unrelated Chinese Uighurs were significantly higher than those in Chinese Hans (P < 0.01), whereas no statistically significant difference in the percentage of RHD+/RDH+ genotype between the two groups was observed (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe Rh blood group of Uighurs in Xingjiang possesses both Oriental and Caucasian characteristics, which embodies a special ethnical aspect of the Chinese nation and is in accord with the anthropologic research results.

China ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the distribution of serotype and the positive rate of toxins among vibrio cholerae non-O(1) isolated from environmental waters in Foshan city.

METHODSWater specimens were collected from river and cultured for vibrio cholerae non-O(1). The PCR method was used to detect cholerae enterotoxin (CT) gene; the ELISA method was used to detect heat-stable toxin (ST) and heat-labile toxin (LT).

RESULTS478 vibrio cholerae non-O(1) strains were isolated from 1 644 water specimens, with a positive rate of 29.07%. Serological assay showed that the main serotype of vibrio cholerae non-O(1) in Foshan city is VBO(7). Positive rate of CT, ST and LT were 1.91%, 13.14% and 12.17%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSA few non-O(1) strains were found to have several virulent factors simultaneously, and the results suggest that vibrio cholerae non-O(1) in environmental waters is potentially pathogenic and may affect people's health. It is necessary to pay attention to the prevention of diarrhoea caused by vibrio cholerae.

China ; Enterotoxins ; genetics ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Seasons ; Serotyping ; Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Water ; analysis ; Water Microbiology

A group of 25 rabies viruses (RABVs),recovered from 24 dogs and one human case,were collected from various areas in China between 2004 and 2006.Genetic and phylogenetic analyses of the G-L intergenic region were carried out in 25 street RABV isolates and CTN vaccine strains of 7 generations.The study was based on the comparison of a 519 bp nucleotide sequence,encompassing the G-L intergenic region.The nucleotide sequence homologies of Chinese street strains were from 95.5% to 100%.The phylogenetic analysis showed that all Chinese isolates clearly supported the placement of all Chinese viruses in Lyssavirus genotype 1 and they were distributed according to their geographical origins.All of the Chinese strains were closely related but they could still be divided into two groups:group of street strains and group of CTN strains.This study presents details about the molecular epidemiology of rabies viruses based on the sequences of the G-L Intergenic region.

To study the detection of weak D and Del from samples initially screened RhD(-), RhD phenotype was initially screened by routine serological test, out of which weak D phenotype was detected by indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) and Del phenotype was detected by chloroform-trichloroethylene absorption-elution test. The results showed that 56 samples were RhD(-) confirmed by routine serology test, which were screened out of 26 200 donors, among them 5 samples were typed as weak D by IAT and 9 cases samples were typed as Del by absorption-elution test. In conclusion, the samples which typed as RhD(-) by routine serological test must be identified by IAT and chloroform-trchloroethylene absorption test is order to detect weak D and Del phenotype. It is important for clinical transfusion safely.
Blood Donors ; Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; methods ; standards ; Epitopes ; immunology ; Erythrocytes ; immunology ; Humans ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; blood ; immunology