BACKGROUND:The methods to remove the smear layer mainly include mechanical, Carisolv chemomechanical, laser, ozone methods and so on. But studies after caries removal are limited. At present, there is no research for the observation of the smear layer after caries removal using Er:YAG laser, Carisolv chemomechanical and traditional dental turbine.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the morphologic changes of the dentin smear layer after treated with the three methods of Er:YAG laser, Carisolv chemomechanical and traditional high speed dental turbine under a scanning electron microscope.
METHODS:Thirty newly removed premolars or molars with moderate caries were divided into three groups, 10 teeth in each group. The bottom surface of the tooth cavity was observed with the naked eyes after caries removal with Er:YAG laser, Carisolv chemomechanical and traditional dental turbine, respectively. Then, the surface was observed using the scanning electron microscope (magnification ×1 000 and ×2 000).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The texture of the tooth cavity was hard in the three groups. After caries removal, the dentin surface of Er:YAG laser group was rough and uneven, and showed a peak-like shape;The dentin surface of Carisolv chemomechanical group was dark and the bottom was flat;The dentin surface of traditional dental turbine group was smooth and bright, and there was an obvious cutting trace. It was found that the surface of Er:YAG laser group did not have the smear layer, and the dentinal tubule was clearly visible. The most dentinal tubules were visible in the Carisolv chemomechanical group, and the surface was covered with a less smear layer. The surface of the traditional dental turbine group was covered with a thick smear layer, and the dentinal tubule was unseen. The differences in dentin smear layer cleanliness were significant between the three groups. These result indicate that Er:YAG laser can effectively remove the smear layer, which is better than Carisolv chemomechanical method and traditional dental turbine. Traditional dental turbine group is the worst among the three methods.

Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mycoses ; diagnosis ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; diagnosis ; Sinusitis ; diagnosis ; Tuberculosis ; diagnosis

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Hippocampus ; pathology ; Male ; Neurons ; pathology ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stress, Psychological ; pathology

Objective To investigate the current situation of disability acceptance and alexithymia among uremia patients,and to explore the effects of alexithymia on disability acceptance.Methods Totally 342 uremia patients were recruited by convenience sampling method.Patients were investigated with general information questionnaire,Acceptance of Disability Scale (ADS) and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20).Results The mean scores of disability acceptance and alexithymia were 180.45±26.93 and 52.35±8.24,respectively.The affective disorder of recognition,affective disorder of description and extroverted thinking were significantly negatively correlated with each dimension of disability acceptance(P＜0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that alexithymia,gender and course of disease were influencing factors of disability acceptance for uremia patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion The level of disability acceptance was in the medium level among uremia patients,and alexithymia,gender and course of disease were its influencing factors.Nursing staff could take effective measures to ameliorate alexithymia and to improve the level of disability acceptance for uremia patients.

Objective: To investigate the somatotype growth status of youths in rural area of Anhui province. Methods: The Heath-Carter anthropometric method was used to study the somatotype of Han nationality youths aged 7-18 years of 1 678 cases in rural area in Fanchang county of Anhui province. Results: The endomorphic factors in females were more abundant than males, while mesomorphic and ectomorphic factors were less than males. The somatotypes of males and females were changing with growth. Findings indicated that in males mean somatotypes changed slightly with growth, shifting from mesomorph to ectomorph. For females, mean somatotypes varied greatly. Most of individual somatotypes shifted from central throu gh mesomorphic ectomorph to endomorph. C omparisons of males and females somatotype means showed significant dimorphism in 9-18 years groups. As compared to Mongolian and other foreign groups,it was concluded that there were differences among different ethnic groups. Conclusion: Heath-Carter somatotype method has the perspective applications in human nutriology and physical anthropology. Puberty is the crucial period for formation of somatotypes.

AlM:To investigate the prevalence of pterygium of the household population aged 40 and above in Hengli Town of Dongguan.
METHODS: Using the method of cluster random sampling, select 3 628 people aged 40 and above in four villages and one community for visual examination, intraocular pressure check, slit lamp examination and questionnaire.
RESULTS: The actual number of subjects was 3 393 people, and examination rate was 93. 52%. We detected 843 patients with pterygium. The prevalence of pterygium was 24. 85%.
CONCLUSlON:There is high prevalence of pterygium in Dongguan area. The prevalence of pterygium is related with age and working environment, but has no relation with gender.

AIM: To investigate whether or not short-term high pressur e proliferates human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and the role of pp60c-src in cell proliferation. METHODS: Cultured HUVECs of 3-6th passa ge were exposed to atmosphere 0 mmHg (AP), 120 mmHg (MP), 180 mmHg (HP) and interfered with cap top ril(Cap, 10 ?mol/L)or irbesartan(Irb, 10 ?mol/L) Cell proliferation was q uantified by measuring hexosaminidase activity. The content of pp 60 c-src in cells was investigated by Western blotting. RESULTS:① Hexos aminidase activities which reflected cell number increased significantly at 4 h in MP and HP(0 145?0 018 and 0 144?0 019 vs 0 118?0 003,P

OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of clinical pharmacists on pharmaceutical care for allergic reaction caused by ox-aliplatin. METHODS:Clinical pharmacists conducted pharmaceutical care for a patient with oxaliplatin-induced allergic reaction, and suggested stopping taking oxaliplatin,giving Dexamethasone injection 5 mg and then slowing down injection speed. RE-SULTS:Physicians adopted the suggestions of clinical pharmacists. Allergic reaction relieved 5 min after giving Dexamethasone in-jection. The patient didn't suffered from this allergic reaction again under tight supervision. CONCLUSIONS:Oxaliplatin is often used for tumor therapy. Medical staff should be familiar with the prevention,diagnosis and treatment of ADR,evaluate oxaliplatin chemotherapy plan in advance and screen high risk allergy factor. The participation of clinical pharmacists in pharmaceutical care contribute to ADR monitoring and promote safe and rational drug use in the clinic.

Child, Preschool ; Coronary Aneurysm ; etiology ; pathology ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Qiju Dihuang Pill (QDP) on changes of Chinese medical syndrome types in pregnant women of Gan-Shen yin deficiency syndrome (GSYDS), and to explore the correlation between imbalanced cytokine levels and GSYDS.

METHODSThis was a random controlled trail. A total of 163 pregnant women of GSYDS at 12 -16 gestational weeks were randomly allocated into the experimental group (86 cases) and the control group (77 cases). Patients in the experimental group took QDP for 2 -4 weeks. Changes of Chinese medical syndrome types and serum interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels were observed and compared between the two groups before and after treatment.

RESULTS(1) Totally 41 patients (47.7%) in the experimental group were transformed to normal Chinese medical syndrome type. In the same period of the follow-ups, 9 patients (11.7%) in the control group were transformed to normal Chinese medical syndrome type, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). (2) In the experimental group, the serum level of IFN-gamma and the ratio of IFN-gamma/IL-4 in the peripheral blood were obviously lower after treatment than before treatment (P < 0.01), and obviously lower than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The level of IL-4 after treatment in the experimental group was higher than that before treatment, and also higher than that in the control group, but with no statistical difference.

CONCLUSIONSThese results indicated that there was imbalanced IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratio in the peripheral blood of pregnant women of GSYDS. QDP might play a role in immunoregulation by affecting the IFN-gamma level.

Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Pregnancy ; Yin Deficiency