Objective To investigate the effect of the treatment of humeral lateral condyle fracture in children through elbow arthroscopy. Method From July 2003 to May 2008, 128 children with humeral lateral condyle fracture were randomly divided into open reduction group and arthroscopy group, each group of 64 cases. Results All 128 children received 12-24 months of follow up, with average of (18.07 ± 5.63) months. In arthroscopy group, the blood loss averaged(34.6 ± 9.1) ml, incision length of(0.98 ± 0.20) cm, and after the first 3 days the VAS was(3.99 ± 1.33) scores. However, in open reduction group, the blood loss averaged (109.9 ± 18.9) ml, incision length of (5.38 ± 1.30) cm, and the VAS was (7.03 ± 2.80) scores. All those in arthroscopy group were much better than those in open reduction group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01 or < 0.05). According to Mayo score, the total fine rate was 85.9%(55/64) in open reduction group, and 98.4%(63/64) in arthroscopy group (P<0.05). About in the incidence of postoperative complications,there were 8 cases of delayed healing, S cases of inside inversion or outside eversion elbow varus deformity, 9 cases of pin tract infection in open reduction group. However there were 1 cage of delayed healing, 2 cases of inside inversion and outside eversion elbow varus deformity, 1 case of pin tract infection in arthroscopy group(P< 0.01). Conclusion Arthroscopy operation has the advantages of the small incision, reset reduction accurate, less complications ,and is an effective method of treating the lateral condyle fractures in children.

Objective:To explore the value of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR),preoperative platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR),changes between pre and postoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(postoperative NLR/preoperative NLR) and changes between pre and postoperative platelet-lymphocyte ratio(postoperative PLR/preoperative PLR) in predicting the occurrence of anastomotic leakage after surgery in patients of rectal cancer.Methods: 187 rectal cancer patients in the Gastrointestinal Surgery Department in the First Affiliated Hospital of Southwestern Medical University during March,2015-March,2016 were included in our study.Preoperative NLR,preoperative PLR,changes between pre and postoperative NLR and changes between pre and postoperative PLR were observed.At the same time we included age,gender,pathological staging,stage of lymph node metastasis,tumor differentiation,distance between tumor and anus in our study.χ2 test or Fisher′s exact value was used in the univariate analysis,while Logistic Regression Analysis was used in the multivariate analysis.Results: The univariate analysis showed that preoperative NLR (Fisher′s exact value=7.242),preoperative PLR (χ2=6.787),changes between pre and postoperative NLR (χ2=15.656),PLR (χ2=9.298),age (χ2=4.813) and distance between tumor and anus(χ2=5.951) were related to anastomotic leakage(P<0.05).Other risk factors such as,gender(χ2=0.001),pathological staging (Fisher′s exact value =2.107),stage of lymph node metastasis(Fisher′s exact value =1.298),tumor differentiation (Fisher′s exact value =2.206),and were not associated with anastomotic leakage (P>0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the preoperative NLR(OR=1.647,P=0.000),change between pre and postoperative NLR (OR=1.880,P=0.000)and distance between tumor and anus(OR=4.364,P=0.048) were associated with anastomotic leakage.Conclusion: preoperative NLR,change between pre and postoperative NLR and distance between tumor and anus are independent risk factors for anastomotic leakage after rectal anterior resection.

Objective To investigate the common pathogens of neonatal bacterial meningitis in the past 5 years,and to evaluate the brain injury in the acute phase through amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG),brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) and brain MRI.Methods Sixty children were selected from the past 5 years who were treated in Department of Neonatology,Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center in March 2011 to March 2015 as the objects of study.According to the results of etiological culture,the children were divided into streptococcus lactis group (14 cases),escherichia coli group (10 cases),other positive bacteria group (11cases) and culture-negative group (25 cases).The results of aEEG,BAEP and brain MRI of brain injury in the acute phase of these 4 groups were compared.Results Twenty-nine cases of the 60 patients (48.3％) showed positive blood culture,and 14 cases (23.3％) showed positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture.Streptococcus lactics and escherichia coli were found to be the most common pathogens that caused neonatal bacterial meningitis.By evaluating the cerebral function in the acute phase of 57 cases,it was found that aEEG total abnormal rate was 61.4％,escherichia coli group abnormal rate was 80.0％,while moderate to severe damage seemed to be the most remarkable feature.The abnormal rate was of statistical significance between escherichia coli group and culture-negative group (x2 =3.941,P =0.047).Forty-eight cases manifested potential anomaly evoked by brainstem auditory,with the total abnormal rate as 84.2％.A significant increase in the ratio of severe hearing loss was found in children with bacterial meningitis which was caused by escherichia coli and streptococcus agalactiae.The abnormal rate was of statistical significance between escherichia coli group and culture-negative group (x2 =4.399,P =0.036),and hearing damage caused by escherichia coli was more serious than that in other bacteria group.Of these 57 cases,MRI total abnormal rate was 77.2％,with hydrocephalus as the most common complication.Of the 44 abnormal cases,16 cases showed hydrocephalus,6 cases of which were from the escherichia coli group.The second most common complication was subdural effusion.And another 5 cases showed cerebral softening,3 cases of which were from the escherichia coli group.The data suggested that escherichia coli meningitis easily combined hydrocephalus and brain softening.Conclusions The main pathogens of neonatal bacterial meningitis is streptococcus agalactiae and escherichia coli.The brain injury in neonatal bacterial meningitis caused by escherichia coli is more serious than those caused by other pathogens.

Objective To explore the feasible approach for establishment of a liver cancer model induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine(DENA)with Sprague-Dawley rat,and to provide ideal animal model for imaging diagnosis and interventional therapy.Methods One-hundred and forty male SD rats were administrated with 0.95 g/L DENA for 10 weeks,and MRI was performed for inspecting pathological changes of rat livers on the following week.When the liver tumor was proved then the rat will be the candidate for sequential procedures,otherwise the animal continued under observation until next MRI examination after 4 weeks.DSA was done in 64 rats'for detecting blood supply of liver tumors.Animals were sacrificed with an overdose of chloral hydrate,The representative tumor tissues were fixed in 10% formalin and 2.5% glutaraldehyde for light and electron microscopy analysis respectively.Alpha fetoprotein(AFP) and hepatocyte were assaied by immunohistochemistry technique in order to identify intrinsic trait of the harvested tumors.Results The earliest induced tumor was detected on 11th week and the latest was on 20th week by MRI,and the median period was 13.9 weeks.Tumor size ranged from 2 mm to 40 mm in diameter. The rate of single and multi-induced tumor was 9.7%(7/72)and 90.3%(65/72),respectively.87.7% (57/65)" of the induced multiple tumors was with hepatocirrhosis and 18.1% of these tumors combined with extrahepatic neoplasm or metastasis.Plenty blood supply was proved by DSA in most of those tumors. Tumors not only derived from hepatocyte but also manifested positive expression of AFP.Histological types of these tumors include hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)(92.0%,66/72),intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC)(4.0%,3/72),and combined HCC and ICC(4.0%,3/72),respectively.Electro-microscope analysis indicated that cytoplasm and organelle of induced tumors were abnormal distinctly compared with those of non-carcinomatous cells.Conclusion DENA can induce ideal rat liver cancer as a feasible animal model,MRI is the best approach for scrutinizing pathological changes of rat livers during induced period.

Early hematoma enlargement in intracerebral hemorrhage seriously influences the prognosis of patients.This article reviews the incidence,diagnostic criteria,influence factors and prevention and treatment of early hematoma enlargement in intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To explore the methods of the nutritional support of children with severe sepsis.Methods The biochemical index,nutrition index,blood gas,blood routine and 24 hours urinary urea nitrogen of 198 children with severe sepsis were detected after hospitalization.Enteral nutrition,parenteral nutrition,or enteral and parenteral nutrition at the same time were selected for every children according to patients status.Children with parenteral nutrition were divided into glutamine (Gln) group and non-Gln group.Nutrition and metabolism indexes of survival and dead children were detected,including blood glucose,C-reactive protein,hemoglobin (Hb),pH,blood sodium,blood potassium,alanine transaminase,blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,blood lacticacid,lactate clearance rate,blood triglycerides,blood total cholesterol,serum pre-albumin (PA),retinal-binding protein (RBP),serum albumin (ALB) and 24 hours urinary urea nitrogen.The intake of calories were compared between survival and dead children before nutrition support (0 d),3 d and 7 d after nutrition support.Immunoglobulins of Gln group and non-Gln group were compared.Results The nutrition indexes of the survival group were higher than those of dead group [PA (130.0 ± 30.0) mg/L vs (50.8 ±20.5) mg/L,RBP(22.3 ±10.3) mg/L vs (15.7 ±6.7) mg/L,ALB(35.3 ±8.1) g/L vs (28.7 ±6.2) g/L,Hb(113.2 ±27.7) g/L vs (95.3 ±10.6) g/L,IgA(0.40 ±0.03) g/L vs (0.40 ±0.03) g/L,IgM(0.52 ±0.18) g/L vs (0.49 ±0.03) g/L] (P ＜0.05).The intake calories of survival group in 3 d and 7 d after nutrition support were (50.32 ±2.76) kcal/(kg·d) and (65.70 ±3.25) kcal/(kg·d),which were significantly higher than those of dead group [(32.54 ± 1.72) kcal/(kg·d) and (46.12 ± 1.08) kcal/(kg·d)).Among the survival children with parenteral nutrition,the levels of immunoglobulin in Gln group were higher than non-Gln group [IgG(4.93 ± 2.1) g/L vs (4.01 ± 1.03) g/L,IgA (0.31 ± 0.07) g/L vs (0.19 ±0.03) g/L,IgM(0.52 ±0.08) g/L vs (0.32 ±0.10) g/L] (P ＜0.05).Negative nitrogen balance was better in Gln group as(-2.5 ± 1.4) g/d than non-Gln group as (-5.3 ± 1.3) g/d(P ＜0.05).Conclusion Children with severe sepsis manifeste significantly increased metabolic rate and energy consumption,the protein decomposition utilization is greater than the synthetic with negative nitrogen balance.Children with more severe sepsis have lower metabolic indexes,nutrition indexes,and immunoglobulin.It is necessary for children with severe sepsis to use glutamine while having parenteral nutrition.

To investigate the nature of syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine by means of pharmacokinetic (PK) method.

Female ; Hemangioma ; microbiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Ulcer ; microbiology ; therapy

Objective To analyze the failure ratio and the causes of the inoculation failure of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-vaccine in children and relevant the remedial measures. Methods One thousand three hundred and sixty cases treated in Suzhou Wuzhong people′s hospital during Jan.2007 to Jul.2008 were chosen,of whom 286 children from 1-5 years old to be anti-HBs negative or anti-HBs titre to be 0-10 IU/L were screened,and specific failure reasons for the vaccination were analyzed,also the timely treatment measures were taken.Then 286 children were divided into 5 groups randomly.Apart from one group was set up as blank control,the other 4 groups were arranged to accept different immunization methods with 0,1,2 month schedule,group A simply got revaccinated with HB vaccine(10 ?g) 3 times;group B revaccinated with double dosage of HB vaccine(20 ?g) 3 times;group C besides being revaccinated 3 times,the immune regulatory agent was jointly used;group D revaccinated 3 times with genetically engineered CHO hepatitis B vaccine. Results The ratio of failure of HBV-vaccine was 21.03%,what caused failure of hepatitis B vaccine included immunologic inadequacy 218(76.22%),repeated respiratory infection 192 cases(67.13%),abuse hormone 140 cases(48.95%),zinc deficiency 129 cases(45.10%),anaemia 108 cases(37.76%),passive smoking 80 cases(27.97%),the mother being chronic parenchymatous nephritis or HBV carrier 63 cases(22.03%),premature 54 cases(18.88%),adiposity 38 cases(13.29%),dystrophy 29 cases(10.14%).There were 4 methods of revaccination,the positive rate for group A,B,C,D were 90.00%,96.47%,99.08%,95.83%,respectively.Group C had the highest positive rate,compared with the other 3 groups,which were statistically significant(P a

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Sanggenon C in inducing apoptosis of prostate cancer PC3 cell line and explore the underlying mechanism.

METHODSThe proliferation of PC3 cells treated for 24 h with 1, 5, 20, 50, and 100 µmol/L sanggenon C or treated with 20 µmol/L Sanggenon C for 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h was evaluated using MTT assay. Flow cytometry was performed for analysis of apoptosis of PC3 cells after exposure to sanggenon C with different treatment protocols, and the activity of caspase 3 was detected using spectrofluorometry. The inhibitory effect of sanggenon C on PC3 cells pretreated with DMSO, z-DEVD-fmk, z-LEHD-fmk or z-IETD-fmk for 1 h was detected by MTT assay.

RESULTSSanggenon C inhibited the proliferation of PC3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05 except for 1 µmol/L group) with a 24-h ICof 18.76 µmol/L. Sanggenon C at 20 µmol/L caused inhibition rates of PC3 cells of 10.57%, 27.09%, 51.88%, 80.73% and 87.99% after treatment for 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively (P<0.05), and resulted in apoptosis rates of 7.43%, 20.91% and 37.56% at 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, respectively. Sanggenon C significantly increased caspase-3 activity in the cells, and its effect on PC3 cell proliferation was partially reversed by caspase 3 and caspase 9 inhibitors.

CONCLUSIONSanggenon C can dose-dependently induce growth inhibition and apoptosis of PC3 cells possibly by activating caspase 9 and caspase 3 pathways.