Objective:To develop a Subject Interest Inventory (SII) for senior high school students.Methods:The SII was structured by incorporating rational-theoretical and empirical techniques. The item functionality, scale reliability and validity were established.Results:Final version was a 90-item scale measuring student's 9 subject interests. The internal consistency and test-retest reliability were acceptable. The structure of SII was confirmed by intercorrelations among the subscales and by exploratory factor analysis. Evidence of concurrent validity was supported by: (a) the correlations between the interests and the scholastic achievements; (b) the gender differences in subject interest and in the correlations between the interests and the achievements; and (c) the different interests scores between the art students and the science students.Conclusion: These results suggest that the structure of SII is acceptable, and that its reliability and validity indexes are sound.

According to the teaching practice in biochemistry laboratory course,we describe the characteristics of international students'teaching,teaching preparation,teaching course and so on.These experiences may provide an important source of information for teaching practice in the future.

Objective To evaluate needle localized operation biopsy (NLOB) and sterotactic core needle biopsy (SCNB) in the differential diagnosis of nonpalpable breast lesion (NPBL) found by mammography. MethodsIn 82 cases, a total of 90 NPBL were found, NLOB or SCNB were applied to make the diagnosis.ResultsBreast carcinoma (24.4%)was finally diagnosed in 20 cases, 61 cases were diagnosed with benign lesion. Thirty-five cases needed (42.7%) a surgery. Conclusion NLOB and SCNB provide new ways in establishing diagnosis of breast minimal lesions.

Objective: To investigate constitutional and phys ical stamina status in soldiers with different adaption periods in Tibetan areas . Methods: Two hundred and eithty-two male soldiers from a barr acks at an elevation of 3 600 m were divided into 2 groups: the veteran group ( n=143) in Tibet for 1.45±0.22 year, and the recruit group (n=139) in Ti bet for 0.33±0.00 years. The test items included body weight, cirumference, st a nding long jump, chin-up, 100 m dash and 3 000 m jogging, all were evaluated ac cording to the national military standard, which were Comprehensive Evaluation o f Health in Troops, and Examination and Evaluation of the Physical Stamina of So ldiers. Results: The physical stamina indexes of both the vetera ns and the recruits were up to the national military norm on the whole, ranking as moderate. The veteran group showed no significant difference in standing long jump and 100 m dash,（P<0.05), but obvious lower level in chin-up and 3 00 0 m jogging（P<0.01）, compared with the national military norm. The recr ui t group showed significant lower level in chin-up, 100 m dash, 3 000 m jogging as compared with the national military norm（P<0.01）, and also significant lower level in chin-up and 3 000 m jogging （P<0.05 or P<0.01) as compa red with the veteran group. Conclusion: The physical stamina of both the veterans and the recruits meet the basic national military requirements , ranking as moderate. The soldiers who have been in service for over 1 year hav e better explosive force, but they need more tolerance and aerobic exercises. Th e newly recruited need more exercise to raise tolerance to the hypoxic environme nt in plateau areas so as to shorten the adaption time to high altitude.

Astrocytes play a major role in the reactive processes in response to neuronal injuries in the brain. Excessive gliosis is detrimental and can contribute to neuronal damage. CD81 (TAPA), a member of the tetraspanin family of proteins, is upregulated by astrocytes after traumatic injury to the rat central nervous system (CNS). To further understand the role of CD81 in the inhibition of astrocytes, we analyzed the effects of a CD81 antibody, on cultured rat astrocytes. The results indicated that the effect worked in a dose-dependent manner with certain dosage range. It, however, reached a dosage equilibrium at a high dosage. Furthermore, anti-CD81 antibody remarkably inhibited the proliferation of astrocytes after incubation with astrocytes for different periods of time and the effect presented a time-dependent fashion. However, anti-CD81 antibody substantially inhibited the proliferation of astrocytes at low density and middle density but slightly inhibited the proliferation of astrocytes at high density, suggesting that the effect was positively correlated with the proliferative ability of astrocytes. Finally, the cell cycle of astrocytes exposured to anti-CD81 antibody was arrested in S phase at the initial stage and at G(0)/G(1) phase over time. These findings indicated that CD81 exert significant inhibitory effect, dose-dependently and time-dependently, on the proliferation of astrocytes and the effect is positively correlated with the proliferative capability of astrocytes.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanism of akebia saponin D (ASD) for fight against leukemia cells.

METHODSThe human acute leukemia cell strain U937 and human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell strain HL-60 were treated with ASD at different doses (10, 30, 50, and 100 microg/mL). The proliferation inhibition of ASD was observed using MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin-V staining. The expressions of correlated genes were detected by PCR. Changes of p53 were detected using Western blot. The nitrite content, as the metabolite of nitric oxide (NO) was detected by Griess spectrophotometry.

RESULTS50 microg/mL ASD could obviously inhibit the growth of U937 and HL-60 cells in a dose-dependent manner, accompanied with the down-regulation of bcl-2 mRNA expression. Results of Western blot showed that the P53 expression increased along with the dose of ASD. Besides, ASD could elevate the content of NO in U937 and HL-60 cells (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSASD could inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of U937 and HL-60 cells. The mechanism might be correlated with down-regulating the bcl-2 expression, up-regulating the p53 expression, and increasing the NO content in U937 and HL-60 cells.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; U937 Cells

BACKGROUND:During ordinary plate fixation, the soft tissues around the fracture of the proximal humerus are nearly stripped to impact blood supply, and moreover, an ordinary steel plate cannot meet with the fixed requirements for severe osteoporosis, large bone defects and comminuted fractures. OBJECTIVE: To observe the functional recovery and complications in middle-aged patients with proximal humeral fractures undergoing stainless steel locking plate implantation. METHODS:From March 2011 to March 2014, 48 patients with proximal humeral fractures were treated in the 306th RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The 48 patients were folowed up for 6-17 years, and the mean healing time was (15.3±1.2) weeks. At the last folow-up, the Neer scores were excelent in 12 cases, good in 22 cases, fair in 11 cases and poor in 3 cases, with an excelent-good rate of 71%. After internal fixation, there was one case of Hospital of PLA, including 20 males and 28 females, with an average age of 58 years. Of the 48 cases, there were 9 cases of Neer 2 fractures, 26 cases of Neer 3 fractures, and 13 cases of Neer 4 cases, al of which belonged to closed injuries. Al the patients were subject to locking plate implantation for repair of fractures of the proximal humerus, and evaluated based on Neer scores. soft tissue infection, two cases of traumatic arthritis, and no bone ununion and osteomyelitis. These findings suggest that the stainless steel locking plate implantation for repair of fractures of the proximal humerus can achieve a good anatomic reduction under minimaly invasive conditions and produce a stable rehabilitation environment for the soft tissue around the shoulder joint by internal fixation. Hence, the factures can recover faster with less complications. The stainless steel locking plate implantation can obtain good achievements in the repair of proximal humeral fractures of Neer 2, 3 as wel as Neer 4 in young patients with good bone quality.

Objective To evaluate the role of spinal c?Jun N?terminal kinase ( JNK ) signaling pathway in incisional pain in rats. Methods Sixty?three adult male Sprague?Dawley rats, weighing 200-250 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n=21 each) using a random number table: incisional pain group ( IP group) , dimethyl sulfoxide ( DMSO) group, and JNK inhibitor SP600125 group ( SP group) . A 1?cm longitudinal incision was made through skin, fascia and muscle of the plantar aspect of the hindpaw in anesthetized rats. In group DMSO, 10% DMSO 10 μl was injected intrathecally at 30 min before surgery. In group SP, SP600125 25 μg (in 10 μl of 10% DMSO) was injected intrathecally at 30 min before sur?gery. Six rats in each group were sacrificed, and the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold ( MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency ( TWL) were measured at 24 h before establishment of the model and 2, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after establishment of the model. After measurement of the pain threshold at 24 h before establishment of the model and 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after establishment of the model, the lumbar segment of the spinal cord was removed for determination of the expression of phosphorylated JNK ( p?JNK) by im?munofluorescence. Results The MWT was significantly lower, the TWL was shorter, and the expression of p?JNK was lower at each time point after establishment of the model than at 24 h before establishment of the model in group IP (P<0?05). Compared with group IP, the MWT was significantly increased, the TWL was prolonged, and the expression of p?JNK was down?regulated at each time point after establishment of the model in group SP ( P<0?05) , and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned a?bove in group DMSO ( P>0?05) . Conclusion Spinal JNK signaling pathway is involved in the develop?ment and maintenance of incisional pain in rats.

Objective To investigate the relationship between 4G/5G polymorphism in the promotor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). And to detect whether it plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PTE. Methods The 76 patients with PTE, 74 gender and age matched healthy controls were recruited in this study. Genome DNA was extracted from whole blood using phenol-chloroform. Subjects were genotyped for the 4G/ 5G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results Significant difference was found in the frequency of 4G/4G genotype between PTE group and control group (50.0% vs.24.3%,P<0.01). And there were no significant differences in 4G/5G and 5G/5G genotype between the two groups. The 4G allele frequency was higher in PTE group than in control group (72.4% vs. 55.4% , P<0.01) . The recessive allele model was informative and the odd ratio of 4G/4G genotype was much higher than of other two genotypes (OR=3.40, P<0.01). Further stratification showed 4G/4G genotype was associated with high risk of PTE for those individuals without traditional environment risk factors. Conclusions The 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene is associated with PTE and 4G allele is recessive. 4G/4G genotype increases the risk of PTE for individuals who have no traditional risk factors of PTE.

BACKGROUND: Talomerase activity inhibitor inhibits or kills renal carcinoma cells, and also affects stem cells that play importan roles in occurrence and development of renal carcinoma.OBJECTIVE: To observe renal carcinoma stem cell surface marker CD133 and telomerase activity expression in serum-free suspension culture, and to compare with renal carcinoma cells in serum suspension culture.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The in vitro cytological study was performed at the Jiangsu University from June 2008 to Februar 2009.WIATERIALS: Fresh normal renal tissue surrounding renal carcinoma was obtained from Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University.Renal carcinoma stem cell line OS-RC-2 was supplied by Cell Bank, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Branch.METHODS: OS-RC-2 in logarithmic phase, digested by trypsin, and centrifuged. Supematant was removed. OS-RC-2 cell line in serum-free DMEM/F12 supplemented with epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor was incubated at 2×105/L in 5% CO2 incubator at 37℃. Renal carcinoma cultured in serum and normal renal tissue served as controls.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cell growth was observed under an inverted microscope. Expression of CD133 and CD34 was detected using flow cytometry. Reel-time quantitative TRAP assay was applied to evaluate telomerase activity in renal carcinoma stem cells.RESULTS: After incubated in serum-free medium, renal carcinoma stem cells were round and suspended. Two days later, cell mass generated. Each cell mass contained 3-8 cells, with strong refraction. Seven days later, cell mass became more, presented big body that was regular, round or elliptical. CD133+CD34- rate in renal carcinoma stern cell mass was significantly greater in serum-free suspension culture compared with in serum suspension culture. CD133 and CD34 expression was not determined in normal renal tissue. There were significant differences among groups (F=328.25, P < 0.05). Telomerase activity was greater in renal carcinoma stem cells and renal carcinoma cells compared with normal renal ceils (F=-278.74, P < 0.05). No significant difference was detected between renal carcinoma stem cells and renal carcinoma cells.CONCLUSION: Compared with serum cultured renal carcinoma cells, serum-free cultured renal carcinoma cell surface marker CD133 presents high expression. Moreover, talomerase activity is high in renal carcinoma stem cells and renal carcinoma cells compared with normal renal tissue.