BACKGROUND: The incidence of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity after spinal surgery remains controversial, and its prevention is still under discussion.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the progress of the prevention of the deep venous thrombosis after spinal surgery.METHODS: The domestic and foreign related literature about the deep vein thrombosis after the spinal surgery, which was filtrated from CNKI and PubMed databases, were searched for the articles concerning the prevention of the deep venous thrombosis after spinal surgery published from January 1993 to January 2016.Finally, 41 eligible articles were included, and the prevention methods, risk factors and incidence were summarized.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) With the technology and medical equipment development, more novel technologies and biomaterials are extensively applied in spinal surgery; meanwhile, complex and difficult surgeries,big surgical trauma and prolonged operation time all increase the risk of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity;thereafter, the incidence is on a rise. (2) The prevention methods of deep venous thrombosis have been improved, and the grading of prevention becomes more sufficient. (3) During venipuncture and injection, upper extremity should be selected firstly, so as to avoid damage to the lower extremity veins. (4) The following studies should concentrate on understanding the epidemic characteristics of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity after spinal surgery, and confirming the best prevention time, as well as effective drugs and physical measurements.

Objective To investigate the effect of chuan kezhi injection atomizing inhalation in the prevention of respiratory infection after general anesthesia postoperative.MethodsA total of 74 cases with fractures and brain surgery postoperative with intubation anesthesia from Jiaxing First Hospital were collected and randomly divided into two groups with 37 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were treated by routine atomizing inhalation, patients in the experiment group were treated by chuan kezhi injection atomizing inhalation, before and after treatment empty stomach sampled venous blood 5 mL, determined T cell subgroup, observed cough and expectoration eased and throat discomfort alleviated situations of the patients after operation 1 to 4 days, and compared the clinical efficacy.ResultsAfter treatment the effective rate of the experiment group 94.59% was higher than the control group 81.08%, with no statistical significance;the cough and expectoration symptoms eased of the experiment group were significant better than the control group after treatment 1, 2, 3d (P<0.05), the throat discomfort symptoms eased of the experiment group was significant better than the control group at treatment 3 d (P<0.05), after treatment the CD3+, CD4+/CD8+ and NK cell levels of the experiment group were higher than the control group(P<0.05).ConclusionChuan kezhi injection atomizing inhalation can effectively ease throat symptoms after general anesthesia, improve immune status, the effect is remarkable.

Objective To retrospectively study the results of endoscopic manifestation pathology,and treatment of colonic polyps. Methods Clinical data of 121 patients diagnosed with colonic polyps and treated by endoscopy between November 2002 and September 2009 were studied. Complete colonic investigation was done by Olympus PCF240I electron endoscopy. Colonic polyp excision was done by high frequency electric coagulation. Results All patients had bloody stool with mucus for 1 week to 8 years. Ninty four(77.7%)patients had a single polyp,6(5.0%)had two polyps,21(17.3%)with multiple polyps,and 5 patients had familial polyposis coli. The size of the polyps ranged from 0.3 cm to 4 cm and the morphology of Yamada Ⅰ to Ⅳ. The pathological changes were juvenile polyps,inflammatory polyps,polypoid formation,and canalicular adenoma. Most common pathology types were Yamada Ⅳ and juvenile polyps,107 of the 121 patients(88.4%)had juvenile polyps,and one was found to have malignant transformation. 115 patients accepted high frequency electric coagulation excision under general anesthesia,without complication. Conclusions Colonic polyp is one of the common diseases in children. Children should be checked by total colonoscopy in time when they present with bloody stool,anemia,rectal polyps prolapse or intussusception. Polypectomy under endoscope is a most safe and reliable treatment method when the diagnosis is confirmed. For isolated juvenile polyp,regular recheck is not necessary after polypectomy except when bloody stool recurs. Regular follow up by colonoscope is necessary for juvenile polyp combined with adenoma and adenomatous polyps. Colonoscope is necessary at any time when bloody stool occurs. Familial polyposis coli is difficult to be treated by endoscopy,thus surgical procedure is suggested.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of the special sequences and methods of MRI in liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Methods:100 cases of liver cirrhosis were examined by 3DT1W/FFE and SENSE-BABLANCE sequences and compared with normal livers. Results: ① 3DT1W/FFE imaging has clear advantage over conventional scan in detecting cirrhotic nodules. ② The peak of signal intensity ASD (average standard deviation) in normal livers and the minimum of signal intensity ASD in liver cirrhosis cases were found . If signal intensity standard deviation in liver was over 30, liver cirrhosis should be considered. ③ The degree of hypertension and the size of portal vein and its branches were evaluated by SENSE-BABLANCE sequences. Conclusion: MRI special sequences and methods play a significant role in the early diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.

Objective To detect the serum level of complement 1q (C1q) and anti-C1q autoantibodies (C1qAb) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients to analyze the correlation of serum level of C1q and C1qAb with renal lesion and disease activity in SLE. Methods The serum level of C1q and C1qAb were detected by single radial lmnmnodiffusion and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay respectively. Results The serum level of C1q in SLE patients was significantly lower than that of the control groups. The serum level of C1qAb in SLE patients was significantly higher than that of the control groups. There was a strong correlation between the serum level of C1q and C1qAb in SLE patients. SLE patients in flare stage showed a significantly higher level of serum C1qAb and a lower level of serum C1q than stable patients. Lupus nephritis(LN) patients showed a significantly higher level of serum C1qAb and a lower level of serum C1q than non-LN patients. Conclusions Low level of serum C1q and the high level of serum C1qAb are correlated with SLE. The serum level of C1q and C1qAb are significantly correlated with renal lesion and disease activity of SLE patients.

Objective To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factorC(VEGF-C),its receptor3(VEGFR-3) and podoplanin in tissue of esophageal cancer,and the relationship between their expression and tumor lymphatic metastasis.Methods Expression of VEGF-C,VEGFR-3 and podoplanin in 76 cases of ESC was detected by immunohistochemical SP method and lymphatic vessel density(LVD) was calculated.Results Positive immunostaining of VEGF-C in esophageal cancer tissue was 63.1%;the expression of VEGF-C was significantly associated with the depth of lymph node metastasis and tumor invasion(P

Objective To analyze the risk factors of intracranial infection after neurosurgery and the effect of vancomycin.Methods 28 cases of craniotomy in this study, The First Hospital of Ningbo City from January 2011 to July 2014 during the years after the occurrence of intracranial infection patients as the research object, a retrospective analysis of the age, gender, emergency, basic diseases, mastoid airroom, ventricle drainage, posterior fossa surgery, reoperation and operation time (more than 4h).The clinical data, summarize the risk factors of postoperative intracranial infection in department of neurosurgery and to observe the clinical effect of vancomycin in the treatment of such patients.Result The high risk factors of intracranial infection include: Open mastoid gas room during operation, ireoperation, ventricular drainage and operative time (more than 4h).In 28 cases with intracranial infection after craniotomy, the total effective rate of vancomycin treatment was 100.00%.Conclusion The high risk factors of intracranial infection after operation include open surgery, mastoid room, reoperation, ventricular drainage and longer operation time.Vancomycin is an effective drug in the treatment of intracranial infection in the department of neurosurgery.

Objective To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGF-C ) in tissue, serum and lymph fluid in esophageal cancer patients, and the relationship between its expression and tumor lymphatic metastasis. Methods Expressions of VEGF-C in 76 cases of ESC was detected by immunohisto-chemical SP method and VEGF-C levels in lymph fluid and serum were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Positive immunostaining of VEGF-C in esophageal cancer tissue was 63.1%,The expression of VEGF-C in tissue was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage ( P<0.01, P<0.05 respectively), but not to patient age, tumor length or differentiation; VEGF-C in lymph fluid is significantly higher than in serum( P<0.05) ; The expression of VEGF-C in lymph fluid end serum were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis( P<0.05). Conclusion There are cliuical significance between VEGF-C expression and lymph node metastasis、TNM stage in tissue of esophageal cancer. The level of VFGF-C in lymph fluid is higher than that in serum, both associate with lymph-node metastasis closely.

Objective To explore the measures for nursing patients with acute hepatic graft versus host disease (aGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Method The clinical data of 54 patients with aGVHD after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation during January 2010 and December 2013 were reviewed for summing up the nursing measures. Results In the study, 160 patients underwent allogeneic-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and 53 of them contracted with acute hepatic-versus-host disease. Among them, 2 cases were at degreeⅣ, 10 at degreeⅢ, 23 at degreeⅡand 19 at degreeⅠ. Forty-seven cases(87.01%) were cured after careful treatment and care , 3 ( 5 . 56%) developed into cGVHD and 4 ( 7 . 41%) died . Conclusion Enhanced observation and postoperative nursing of liver, intestine and skin together with performance of mental care and dietary nursing are effective in achieving satisfactory outcomes of GVHD.