OBJECTIVE:To study the identification problems of pharmacokinetic compartment models.METHODS:Problems of the identification of classical compartment models in single administration were systematically discussed by Laplace transformation method.RESULTS:The classical compartment models in single administration don't have the character of u-niqueness and the identification for which is a problem.CONCLUSION:The drug level in plasma and the concentration of drugs that distributed in organs were in a direct ratio under the condition of two kinds of unidentifiable classical compartment models,in that case,it has theoretic bases and significance to predict the concentration of drugs that distributed in organs or target organs by means of determining the drug concentration in plasma;if on the other hand,if two kinds of classical com-partment models are identifiable,the drug level in plasma and the concentration of drugs that distributed in organs or target organs wouldn't be in a proportional relationship,in this case,it is advisable to make sure the relationship between the drug le_ vel in plasma and the concentration of drugs that distributed in organs or target organs before predicting drug concentration that distributed in organs or target organs by means of monitoring the drug concentration in plasma;otherwise,it is baseless and meaningless.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the infectivity and drug resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) and Mycoplasma hominis(Mh),and instruct reasonable application of antibiotics clinically.METHODS Mycoplasma IST kit was used to detect Uu and Mh and their drug resistance.RESULTS The prevalence of Mycoplasma in males was 44.7%,in females was 46.0%.The resistance rate of Uu to ciprofloxacin,ofloxacin and(erythromycin) was(85.1%),47.1%,and 24.8%;the resistance rate of Mh to ciprofloxacin,ofloxacin and(erythromycin) was 76.9%,54.2%,and 54.2%,respectively.The sensitive rate of Uu to doxycycline,(pristinamycin) and josamycin was 95.5%,95.5%,and 91.3%;the sensitive rate of Mh to doxycycline,(pristinamycin) and josamycin was 95.8%,95.8%,and 91.7%,respectively.CONCLUSIONS To deal with the(infection) of Uu and Mh,the antibiotics such as doxycycline,josamycin and(others) which are sensitive to such strains can be used.Uu and Mh have a high(resistance) rate to quinolones,which should be paid high clinical(attention).

The content of chlorogenic acid in Xiaoer Jiebiao Oral Liquid was determined by HPLC.ODS column was applied.Mobile phase was methanol_1% acetic acid(25∶75),wavelength of detector was 328nm.Samples were extracted with methanol on ultrasonic vibrator.In this method,the linera range of chlorogenic acid is 0.232 ～ 1.16 ?g,the correlation coefficient is 0.9994 ,and the mean recovery is 98.44%. The results showed that this method is simple,quick and reproduciple.

Objective To explore the clinical value of early diagnosis of ovarian cancer by serum lysophosphatidic acid(LPA) and CA-125.Methods 50 patients with ovarian cancer from October 2005 to February 2008 were selected as ovarian cancer group,at the same period selected 44 patients with ovarian benign tumor(ovarian benign disease group),and 50 healthy women as the healthy control group.All patients were diagnosed and confirmed by preoperative blood and pathology.The serum LPA and CA-125 of two groups were detected.Results The serum LPA level and the positive rate in the ovarian cancer group was higher than that of the ovaries benign group or the control group(P＜0.05).The CA-125 level in the ovarian cancer group was similar to that of the ovaries benign group(P＞0.05),while the CA-125 level in the ovarian cancer group or the ovaries benign group was higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The specificity of the LPA was better than that of the CA-125 detection.In the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer,the sensitivity of the combination(85.7%) was better than either of them(P＜0.01);the plasma LPA level and positive rate of CA-125 of the phase Ⅱ～Ⅳ ovarian cancer patients were higher than that of phase Ⅰ (P＜0.01);the CA-125 positive rate of the serious cystadenocarcinoma was higher than that of the cystadenocarcinoma(P＜0.01).Conclusion LPA is a sensitive biomarker for the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer,especially combined with CA-125.It should be widely used in clinic.

Objective To detect the level of the serum estradiol-2 (E_2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with endometriosis (EMS) and explore their clinical significance. Methods Fifty-nine EMS patients from January 2006 to January 2009 were selected as EMS group and 60 normal women were selected as control group. The serum E_2,TNF-αand VEGF in EMS group 24 h pre-operation, 7 d post-operation and 6 months after operation were detected, and compared with control group. Results The levels of the serum E_2[(216.5 ± 59.7) ng/L],TNF- α [(30.4 ± 17.5) μg/L]and VEGF [(250.7 ± 88.7) ng/L]in EMS group pre-operation were significantly higher than those in control group [(100.2 ± 33.2) ng/L, (11.2 ± 3.6) μg/L, (103.2 ± 49.2) ng/L]and post-operation [(121.3±44.6) ng/L, (13.4 ± 6.2) μg/L, (153.9 ± 58.7) ng/L](P < 0.01). But there was no significant difference between control group and post-operation of EMS group (P > 0.05). The levels of the serum E_2 [(316.5 ± 77.6) ng/L],TNF-α [(51.1 ± 12.3) μg/L]and VEGF [(305.1±69.7) ng/L]with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ in EMS group were higher than those in control group or those with stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ [(170.7±48.2) ng/L, (25.8 ± 10.1) μ g/L, (169.2 ± 36.1) ng/L](P < 0.05 or < 0.01). The levels of the serum E_2,TNF- α and VEGF with stage Ⅰ - Ⅱ in EMS group were also higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). Nine patients recurred at 6 months after the operation. The levels of the serum E_2[(187.8 ± 46.7) ng/L],TNF- α [(23.9 ± 9.5) μg/L]and VEGF [(185.3 ± 57.4) ng/L]of the recurred EMS patients stepped up significantly higher than those of the non-recurred EMS patients [(112.7±30.3) ng/L, (13.2±4.7) μg/L, (116.4±30.3) ng/L](P < 0.01). While there was no significant difference between control group and non-recurred EMS patients (P >0.05). Conclusions The serum E_2,TNF-αand VEGF may play important roles in the development of the EMS. And the detection of the serum E_2,TNF-αand VEGF is useful to judge the patient's condition and the prognosis of the EMS.

Abodominal giant incisional hernia is the common complication of abdominal operations,and surgery is the only efficient treatment for it.It is important to treat the local complications,to use antibiotics and to assess the tolerance of increased intra-abdominal pressure before operation.Component separation technique is feasible to close the abdominal wall defect,which is one of the main difficuhies in giant heruia repair.After that,mesh repair with biological materials is recommended to enhance the abdominal wall.Although mesh repair techniques diversified,sandwich hernionhaphy seems superior.This paper will analyse the present treatment progress of abdominal giant incisional hernia.

Radiotherapy plays a significant role in the treatment of lung malignant tumor.However,as the most main complication of radiotherapy used to treat lung malignant tumor,radiation-induced lung injury is an important influencing factor in impeding further and higher dose radiotherapy.Previous studies show that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the characteristics of self-replication,multiple differentiation,immunoregulation and directional migration. MSCs can help to repair many kinds of acute and chronic lung injury,meanwhile stem cell transplantation stimulates production of many cytokines to attenuate acute lung injury.So stem cell therapy provides a new kind of thinking in the prevention and treatment of radiation-induced lung injury.

Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)refers to cognitive regression which goes beyond one'S age and education level,but does not influence the activities of daily living.More than half patients with MCI will develop dementia within five years.Therefore,MCI is considered as a risk status of dementia.Early diagnosis of MCI prevents against patients developing dementia. Voxel-based morphometry(VBM)technique quantitatively calculates the size of global and local gray matter voxel and signal intensity.It is a full automatic analysis technique of objective brain morphology.This article reviews the application of VBM technique in patient with MCI.

As the increasing of digital imagilag modalities,a close-at-hand challenge to deal with is the storage and transmission requirement of enormous data of medical images.Compression is one of the indispensable techniques to solve this problem.A comprehensive review and discussions are made in this paper over the medial image compression techniques applied in medical image domain,including the latest achievements in this field.Different compression algorithm including ROI-based coding,lossless compression,DWT,neural net are introduced and some quality evaluation methods are introduced.Foreground of the field is given from our point of view.

corrected visual acuity and good visual quality are clinic effects standard of laser in situ keratomeleusis.Visual quality descending for patients after LASIK surgery depends on many factors.This review recommends analyses the influence of visual quality for patients after LASIK surgery and it's guiding significance to LASIK from seven sides,such as visual acuity,refactive diopter,contrast sensitivity,wavefront aberration,increment of Q-value,binocular visual function,the change of dominant eye.