Objective To investigate the retinoic acid incubation effect on proliferation of U251 cell line and effect on MAPK signal pathway. Methods ATRA solution of different concentration on the U25 1 glioma cells were incubated,the influence of ATRA on the proliferation of U25 1 cells were detected,and the proteins of MKPs and MAPK signaling pathways were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot.Using Graph Prism 5 software for quantitative analysis of experimental results.Results Compared with control group,ATRA could effectively inhibit the proliferation of U25 1 glioma cells, in a concentration dependent manner.QRT-PCR results showed that,different concentrations of ATRA after incubation for 48 hours,the expression of MKPs mRNA changed,but the changes of MKP-5 and expression of 67LR was different,explained the main differences between the two methods of the MAPK signaling pathway was the regulation of MKP-5.Western blot results showed that the ATRA,after 48 hours of incubation,the protein MAPK pathway had changed in phosphorylation, which showed that ATRA protein in the MAPK signaling pathway through control of the degree of phosphorylation on U25 1 cell line regulation.Conclusion Retinoic acid and retinoic acid receptor play its physiological effects and regulate human glioma cell line U25 1 proliferation through different combination.Retinoic acid could not only reduce the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 to inhibit tumor proliferation,but also regulate three kinds of protein phosphorylation,therefore its mechanism will be more complex,at the same time that the MAPK signaling pathway plays a crucial role in tumor proliferation process.

Objective To study the expression of protein and mRNA of caspase-3 during hepatocyte apoptosis in the mice with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). Methods Liver damage was induced by tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) in D-galactosamine (GalN) sensitized BALB/c mice. Hepatocyte apoptosis was examined by electric microscopy, in site end labeling (ISEL) and DNA electrophoresis on 1.5% agarose gel. The expression of protein and mRNA of caspase-3 was detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results After 1.5 h, 3.5 h, 6 h, and 9 h of administration of GalN and TNF-?, rates of hepatocyte apoptosis were found to be 0.0%, 0.3%, 3.15% and 3.19% respectively. The rates of caspase-3 positive hepatocytes were 0.7%, 4.6% , 17.8% and 24.2% respectively. The relative expressive density of caspase-3 mRNA were 0.26%, 0.29%, 0.41% and 0.38% respectively. Conclusions The expression of caspase-3 is up regulated in the TNF-? induced FHF model and may trigger hepatocyte apoptosis and finally lead to FHF.

Objective To analyse the application effect of intramedullary interlocking nail in the treatment of femoral and tibial fracture,to discuss the key of the mini-invasive operation.Methods 110 cases of femoral and tibial fracture treated by intramedullary nail from May,1997 to Oct,2001 were reviewed,78 cases were treated by mini-invasive open-reduction and internal fixation,32 cases were treated by intermal fixation without open-reduction.Results All cases were followed-up ,15 cases were delayed at the healing time,but all cases were healed in six months.Conclusion The application of intramedullary nail in the treatment of femoral and tibial frature by mini-invasion has advantages of less trauma,strong fixation,high healing rate,early motion can be obtanied ,but the key of the operation must be grasped.

Objective To probe into the anatomy and clinical application of the facial nerve canal surface by multislice spiral CT image curved planar reformation. Methods Fifty patients with facial nerve disease were selected as study group from January to November in 2010, 50 healthy subjects were selected as control group, using models of multislice spiral CT scan for the patient, scanning from the upper edge of the orbital under external auditory canal edge of the connection as a horizontal line, ranging from the lower edge of mastoid process to the petrous bone on the edge of the data obtained in the Wizard workstation reconstruction. All the measurements were more than two measurements of the average physician. Results Normal facial nerve canal in control group could be displayed clearly in an image, display rate was 100.00%(50/50), and the segment data could be accurately measured; axial reconstruction, reconstruction of coronal and sagittal reconstruction of the three comparison of measured direction, fan sections, horizontal and vertical segments of the length and diameter were not significantly different (P＞0.05), and the first and second bending angle of bending angle was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05 ). Compared with control group, the patients with vascular disease in study group showed significantly decreased rate, the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Curved planar reformation of multislice spiral CT diagnosis of facial nerve canal disease has great clinical significance, should be widely applied.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standards for Fufang ningshen granule. METHODS:TLC was used for the qualitative identification of Radix angelicae and White paenoy;HPLC was adopted for the contents determination of spinosin and verbascoside:the column was Kromasil C18 with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% acetic acid(16∶84,V/V)at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 330 nm,column temerpature was 30 ℃. RESULTS:The TLC spots of R. angelicae and W. pae-noy were clear with good separation,negative control without interference. The linear range was 0.055 44-0.277 2μg for spinosin(r=0.999 4)and 0.055 98-0.279 9 μg for verbascoside(r=0.999 5);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 3.0%;recoveries were 95.62%-100.53%(RSD=1.77%,n=9) and 95.63%-102.57%(RSD=2.74%,n=9). CONCLU-SIONS:The standard can be used for the quality control of Fufang ningshen granule.

Objective To investigate the expression of substance P ( SP) and neurokinin-1 recep-tor (NK1R) in patients with breast cancer and to further understand the correlations of them with the clinico-pathological features and the prognosis of breast cancer.Methods SP levels in serum samples and superna-tants of breast cell culture were measured by ELISA.The expression of total NK1R, full-length NK1R (NK1R-FL) and truncted NK1R (NK1R-Tr) in 82 patients with breast cancer and 30 patients with breast hyperplasia were detected by using immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results The levels of SP in patients with breast cancer were higher than those in patients with breast hyperplasia and healthy subjects ( P<0.05) .The expression of NK1R-FL was inhibited, while the expression of NK1R-Tr was significantly en-hanced in breast cancer tissues as compared with those in normal and hyperplastic breast tissues (P<0.01). Compared with patients with ductal carcinoma in situ ( DCIS ) , patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) showed a decreased expression of NK1R-FL, but an increased expression of NK1R-Tr (P<0.05). The stages of breast cancer classified by using the TNM system showed a negative correlation with NK1R-FL expression, but positive correlations with the expression of NK1R-Tr and SP (P<0.01).Moreover, the en-hanced expression of NK1R-Tr and SP and suppressed expression of NK1R-FL were positively related to lymph node metastasis and high expression of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) , human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 ( HER2) and Ki-67, but negatively related to the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in breast cancer tissues (P<0.05).The expression of NK1R-FL and NK1R-Tr showed no significant correlation with age, histological grades and the expression of P53 in breast cancer tissues (P>0.05).Conclusion The invasion and metastasis of breast cancer showed a negative cor-relation with the expression of NK1R-FL, but a positive correlation with the expression of NK1R-Tr and SP.

Objective To understand the status of Ascaris eggs pollution in soil at national monitoring spots of soil-transmit-ted nematodiasis,so as to provide the evidence for making countermeasures and evaluating the control effect. Methods Ten households were selected from each of the 22 national monitoring spots annually according to the National Surveillance Program of Soil-Transmitted Nematodiasis(Trial),and the soil samples from vegetable gardens,toilet periphery,courtyards and kitchens were collected and examined by using the modified floatation test with saturated sodium nitrate. Fertilized or unfertilized eggs as well as live or dead fertilized eggs were discriminated and identified. In addition,a SWOT analysis of monitoring of Ascaris eggs pollution in the soil of rural China was carried out. Results A total of 1 090 households were monitored in 22 monitoring spots from 2006 to 2010. The total detection rate of Ascaris eggs in the soil was 30.73%,and the detection rates of fertilized,unfertilized and live fertilized eggs were 13.21%,26.42%and 20.28%,respectively. The total detection rates of Ascaris eggs in the vegetable garden,toilet periphery,courtyard and kitchen were 16.51%,13.49%,14.22% and 10.73% respectively. The SWOT analysis demonstrated that the monitoring work had both advantages and disadvantages,and was faced with opportunities as well as threats. Conclusion The pollution status of Ascaris eggs in the soil is still quite severe at some national monitoring spots,and the counter-measures such as implementing hazard-free treatment of stool,improving water supply and sanitation and reforming environment should be taken to protect people from being infected.

Objective To explore oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography findings in superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS).Methods Twenty-nine patients with SMAS were examined using oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography,which was confirmed by contrast-enhanced spiral computerized tomography.Results Abdominal ultrasonography with oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography revealed a significant reduction of the SMA angle and diminished SMA-aorta distance in 29 subjects.Duodenum was showed the indentation and funnel shaped or dumbbell shaped findings which was caused by pressure of the SMA in patients with recumbent position.The proximal part of duodenum expanded distinctively with contrast media movement fro.Ultrasonography and CT examinations had a good agreement in diagnosing pathological aortomesenteric angle and distance.Conclusions Oral contrast-enhanced ultrasonography presents characteristic findings in patients with SMAS,which is useful in epidemiological screening of suspicious cases of SMAS in children.

Objective To analyze the mutations in keratin 1 (KRT1), KRT9 and KRT10 genes in a Chinese family with epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma (EPPK). Methods Clinical data were collected from a family with EPPK. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 12 family members, including 6 patients and 6 unaffected members, as well as from 50 unrelated normal human controls. PCR was performed to amplify all the exons and flanking sequences of KRT1, KRT9 and KRT10 genes followed by DNA sequencing.Results A missense mutation C.1436T > C was found in the highly conserved helix termination motif of KRT1 gene of all the patients, resulting in a substitution of isoleucine by threonine at position 479 of the KRT1 protein. No mutation was found in the unaffected members or unrelated controls. Conclusions The missense mutation C.1436T > C in K.RT1 gene is likely to be the main cause of the phenotype of EPPK in this family.This is the first report of a pedigree with KRT1 gene mutation-induced EPPK in China.

Objective To detect the steroid sulfatase (STS) gene mutation in a Chinese pedigree with X-linked ichthyosis (XLI). Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 3 affected patients and unaffected members in this family and 50 unrelated healthy volunteers followed by the amplification of the exon 1 and exon 10 of STS gene by PCR. Results Complete deletion of the exon 1 to 10 of STS gene was detected in all the patients in this pedigree with XLI, while no mutation was found in this gene in unaffected members of this family or normal human controls. Conclusion The complete deletion of STS gene is likely to be the main cause of the phenotype of XLI in this family.