Objective To investigate the different effects of 2 species of Fructus aurantii immaturus on cardiovascular and respiratory system.Methods The extract of 2 species of Fructus aurantii immaturus were administered to anesthetized rats by duodenum and the dosages were 4.2,2.1 g crude drug/kg respectively.After administration,a continuous observation of blood pressure,respiration and ECG effects for 4 hours were performed.Results Compared with the control group,both of Citrus aurantium and Citrus sinesis exerted a transient increase to respiration rate after 20 min administration.No significant impact was observed during the experiment period on the ECG.The influence of Citrus aurantium on blood pressure was more significant.Compared with the control group,the effects of SBP,DBP and MBP reduced was observed in high-dose group of Citrus aurantium after 40,60,80 min administration,and so in low-dose group of Citrus aurantium after 60 min.The impact duration was up to 2 hours or more.However,the antihypertensive effect of Citrus sinesis was not obvious.And the blood pressure lowering effect of Citrus aurantium was superior to Citrus sinesis.Conclusion The 2 species of Fructus aurantii immaturus exert a transient excitatory effect on respiratory system.And the direct effect of them on heart is not obvious.The blood pressure lowering effect of Citrus aurantium is superior to Citrus sinesis.The attention should be given in the clinical usage of Fructus aurantii immaturus.

Objective Summarized the therapeutic effect of colonic irrigation by mannitol in one-stage resection and primary anastomosis for left hemicolon obstruction. Method For 31 cases of left hemicolon obstruction in our hospital, After process was cut, firstly we had done coloclysis with normal saline, metron-idazole and 20% mannitol,then one-stage anastomosis. Results With the exception of three cases of in-cision infection, the rest who start eating 4～5 days after operation were cured and no anastomotic fistula. Conclusion During the colon resection in left hemicolon obstruction, coloclysis with normal saline, met-ronidazole and 20% mannitol, then one-stage anastomosis, the intestinal function were quick recovery and can prevent colonic anastomotic fistula.

Objective To develop a plateau emergency medical treatment system on the helicopter for firstaid of critical patients in the plateau at peace time and wartime.Method With the characteristics of M17B-7 helicopter considered,the components of the system were supposed to include a chest for pulmonary resuscitation and monitoring,a firstaid backpack,two thermal bags and four transport stretchers.Results The resuscitation and monitoring device was gifted with perfect ergonomic design,and the requirements for firstaid,resuscitation,rewarming and heat preservation were satisfied by the firstaid backpack and thermal bags.The system could be applied to emergency treatment of combined,multiple injuries,such as dressing,hemostasia and fixation,as well as keeping the respiratory tract unobstructed,efficient respiratory support,maintenance of vital signs and treatment of cold injury.Conclusion The plateau emergency medical treatment system on the helicopter behaves well in medical treatment and field survival ability,and thus can be allocated according to service requirements and troops' organizational system for searching and firstaid of the person in distress in the plateau.

Objective To explore the reliability of patients' sensation of the need to urinate,and to investigate the optimal volume and duration of bladder filling and training method for the stability of bladder filling. Methods From 2014 to 2015,Fifty patients with pelvic tumor were divided into group A and group B,according to whether they had the history of diseases or surgery in the pelvis or urinary system. Both groups received training of the sensation of the need to urinate. The training required patients to drink a fixed volume of water every time they emptied the bladder. The bladder capacity was measured by a bladder scanner ( BladderScan BVI 9400) ,and a rating scale of the sensation of the need to urinate was completed at 30 min,45 min,1 h,and over 1 h when the patient sensed the limit for bladder capacity. The optimal volume and duration of bladder filling or optimal frequency for the training were explored. The paired t-test method was performed for the difference between the predictive value and the measured value,Pearson method was performed for correlation between the sensation of the need to urinate and the measured value. Results In the A and B groups,there was no significant difference between the predicted value and measured value ( A:predicted value and measured value P=0. 777,B:predicted value and measured value P=0. 061) ,suggesting that the measured value could be used to reflect the predictive value. Compared with group B,group A had a higher correlation between the sensation of the need to urinate and the measured value ( rA=0. 812, rB=0. 762).The correlation between the predictive value and the measured value became the highest at 45 min and 1 h ( r=0. 858 and 0. 916) ,and the corresponding bladder filling volume and score of the sensation of the need to urinate were 330-450 ml and 4-6,respectively. The correlation between the predictive value and the measured value increased with the frequency of the training ( r2=0. 914, r3=0. 917, r4=0. 930, r5=0. 951,r6=0. 962) . Conclusions Before radiotherapy,patients with pelvic tumor should received at least 4-6 rounds of the training of bladder filling. Patients should drink 800-1 400 ml of water every time they empty the bladder,and the optimal bladder filling volume and the reliable and stable sensation of the need to urinate will be achieved after 45 min-1 h. For the patients with the history of urinary system diseases or pelvic surgery,the bladder filling volume needs to be measured using a bladder scanner ( BladderScan BVI 9400) during the training before radiotherapy.

Objective To analyze the clinical determination and mechanism of poststroke dementia.Methods 186 consecutively hospitalized patients who at admission after stroke,completed clinical valuation of neural-functional defect and intelligence assessments,and head CT scan.Their intelligene performances were assessed again after three months .Results Frequency of poststroke dementia was 32 5% .Poststroke dementia was related to age,level of education,residential area,hypertension ,hyperlipidemia,the location and severity of stroke,history of coronary heart disease and diabetes.But it unrelated to sex,smoking,alcohol drinking and type of stroke.Conclusions Dementia is frequently occurred after stroke,and multiple risk factors contribute to its occurrence

Objective To explore the relationship between the intelligence condition and the content of ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in epileptic patients.Methods We measured the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of 40 cases of epileptic patients by using the Wechsler Intellectual Scaled, and tested their CSF-GABA contents by using HPLC.At the same time, factors which might have influence on patient’s IQ were analysed.Results In the 40 cases of epileptic patients, there were 14 cases of patients with FIQ≤89, and occupied 35%.The intelligence condition of epileptic patients was positive relation with the contents of CSF-GABA, education background and patterns of seizure,but was negative relation with the patient's age. Among all factors, content of CSF-GABA was very significant relationship with VIQ, PIQ and FIQ (P

Objective To observe the characteristics of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in juvenile retinoschisis. Methods The photochromes of the ocular fudus of 7 cases (14 eyes) who were diagnosed as juvenile retinoschisis were taken, among whom, 5 (10 eyes) were examined by FFA, and 6 (12 eyes) by OCT. Results In 8 eyes with cystiform stellate maculopathy under ophtalmoscope, the result of FFA showed granular fluorescence in different density and shape without exact connection of the configuration between these granules and the cystlike maculopathy. In 2 eyes with pigment disorder in the macula under ophthalmoscope, blocky fluorescence was found in FFA. In 3 eyes with peripheral schisis, FFA discovered distorted and dilated retinal capillaries with different extent, and flecks of non-perfusion area. OCT images revealed thickening of the macular neuroepithelium with laminal seperation, and cystic low-reflect areas in the inner layer. Conclusions In juvenile retinoschisis, pigment proliferation and degeneration in the macular area could be found. Granular fluorescence and cystic low-reflect areas could be seen in FFA and OCT, respectively.

Objective To investigate the effects of inhibition of 5-LOX by RNA interference on proliferation suppression and apoptosis induction of pancreatic cancer cell line. Methods Plasmid expression vectors containing four 5-LOX siRNA array and one negative control array were established, resoectively, and were transfected into pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 with Lipofectamine TM2000. Cell proliferation inhibition rate was measured by MTT assay; apoptotic rate was examined by flow cytometry. Results The inhibitory rate of expression of 5-LOX mRNA in negative control group and four 5-LOX siRNA groups was (3.0 ±1.4)%, (18.8±1.5)%, (53.5±2.3)%, (56.1±2.0)%, (52.4±2.5)%; the inhibitory rate of expression of 5-LOX protein was (4.5 ± 2.0) %, (18.1 ± 2.5) %, (50.4 ± 4.3) %, (48.9 ± 4.4) %, (45.9 ± 4.0) %. The inhibitory rates of cancer cell proliferation at 24 h and 48 h after the transfection were (2.1±1.0)%, (5.5±1.3)%, (11.9±1.2)%, (13.4±1.1)%, (13.8±1.3)% and (3.0±1.3)%, (16.0 ± 2.2) %, (25.7 ± 2.5) %, (25.3 ± 3.1) %, (27.2 ± 3.2) %, respectively. The apoptotic rates at 48 h after the transfection were (3.0 ± 1.0) %, (7.1 ± 1.10%, (17.5 ± 0. 9) %, (21.5 ± 1.1) %, (15.7 ± 1. 0)%, respectively. Conclusions The plasmid vector containing siRNA against 5-LOX could suppress 5-LOX expression in SW1990 cells effectively and specifically, and could inhibit proliferation and induce the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells.

Objective To investigate the photo-toxic effects of indocyanine green (ICG) based on photodynamic therapy (PDT) on vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with ICG with different concentrations in 96-well plate. According to the dose of ICG , they were divided into 6 groups as 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 μmol/L group. Each group consists of 8 wells, 4 of them were irradiated with a 810 nm laser of total power 24.0 J/cm2. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay 24 h after light irradiation. Morphological changes in cells were observed by light microscope. Results With the irradiation of 810 nm light , there was a significant decrease in relative cell viability in all groups except 0 μmol/L group (all P < 0). With the increase of concentration of ICG, the cell viability dropped rapidly (P < 0). Apoptotic changes can be seen in all groups except 0 μmol/L group and necrosis was the main change in cells of 200 μmol/L and 250 μmol/L group. Conclusion PDT with appropriate concentration of ICG has a strong inhibition to vascular endothelial cells in vitro and ICG-PDT may be a good new therapy for nevascularization.

Background and purpose:The morbidity and mortality of lung cancer are currently the highest malignant tumor in China and the world. Most onset age of the illness is after 60 years old. Therefore, surgical resection of lung cancer in the elderly is very worthy of concern. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features, epidemic characteristics and conditions in perioperative period between the elderly and middle-aged patients with lung cancer, and provide the reference for clinical treatment.Methods:Totally 1 019 patients with lung cancer who were admitted to the hospital and accepted the operations in department of thoracic surgery in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from Jan. 2007 to Dec. 2012 were analysed retrospectively. The clinical data including gender, pathological type, TNM stage, intraoperative amount of bleeding and post-operative length of hospitalization were compared.Results:There was a signiifcant difference in sexual factors between these two groups (P?0.05), and compared with the middle-aged group, the proportion of male was more higher in the elderly group (76.91%vs 52.81%). Adenocarcinoma was the most common and squamous carcinoma was the next in both two groups. The constituent ratio of the pathlogical type between the elderly group and the middle-aged group was statistically signiifcant (P?0.05). The squamous carcinoma in the elderly group was higher than that in the middle-aged group (37.5%vs 15.6%). On the contrary, adenocarcinoma was more common in the middle-aged group (72.8%vs 50.7%). StagesⅡa,Ⅱb, andⅢa were more common in the elderly group and stagesⅠa, andⅠb were the most clinical stage in the middle-aged group. The clinical stage between two groups was statistically significant (P?0.05).The intraoperative amount of bleeding was higher and the post-operative length of hospitalization was longer in the elderly group, with a signiifcant difference as compared with that in the middle-aged group(P?0.05). And there was a signiifcant difference in incidence of accompanying diseases between the two groups, compared with the middle-aged group, the proportion of accompanying diseases was more higher in the elderly group(58.6%vs42.3%).Conclusion:Elderly patients with lung cancer are more common in males, with adenocarcinoma being the most common. The cancer mostly belongs to a medium or advanced stage. Elderly patients have the trend with more amount of bleeding in operation and lengh of stay.