Objective To investigate the clinical value of MRI in the preoperative evaluation of breast cancer compared with mammography and ultrasonography. Methods A total of 35 patients with breast cancer were examined preoperatively with dynamic contrast enhanced MRI, mammography and ultrasonography. The findings were evaluated and compared with surgical biopsy. Results The detection rates of breast cancer with MRI, mammography and ultrasonography was 100%, 74.29% and 82.86%, respectively. MRI, mammographic and ultrasonographic measurement of tumor size had correlation coefficient to pathologic findings (r=0.94, 0.87, 0.70, respectively). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of detection of intraductal spread of MRI, mammography and ultrasonography was 100%, 80.00% and 88.57% (P＜0.05), 66.67%, 95.00% and 82.86% (P＞0.05), 33.33%, 95.00% and 68.57% (P＞0.05), respectively. Conclusion MRI can detect breast cancer, especially intraductal spread more sensitively than mammography and ultrasonography.

Objective To observe the imaging features of primary hepatic endocrine carcinoma. Methods Three patients with primary hepatic endocrine carcinoma proven pathologically were retrospectively analyzed. Results Single liver lesion was detected in all 3 patients, 2 in right and 1 in left lobe of liver. The maximum diameter of the masses was 4.8 cm, 6.7 cm and 10.0 cm, respectively. The masses were all solid with different extent of low density. The solid part enhanced greatly in contrast enhanced CT scanning, while the non-solid part did not. The bigger lesions pushed the vascular to move aside in 2 patients. Enhanced and circuitous vascular was observed in 1 lesion. Slightly low signal was noticed on MR T1WI , while high signal was found on T2WI and DWI. Conclusion CT and MR can show specific features of primary hepatic endocrine carcinoma, i.e. usually single solid mass with various low densities inside and the solid part enhancing dramatically.

In light of the IT development in hospitals, the authors point out the necessity of setting up the post of CIO and clarify the role of the CIO in the construction and management of the hospital information system. They argue that the CIO should not only be in charge of the technology support of the information network platform, but also exercise the function of managing hospital information. While hospitals ought to attach importance to the development and application of information systems and the role of the CIO, the CIO, on his part, ought to try to enhance his competence and become a versatile talent expert at various disciplines like medicine, management and the computer.

Objective To investigate the value of multislice spiral CT in evaluating the parametrial invasion of cervical carcinoma. Methods 75 cases of FIGO staging II cervical carcinoma who had received the surgery were studied. Their imaging and the FIGO staging were analyzed retrospectively. Results For FIGO staging, the accuracy for evaluating the parametrial invasion was 53.3%(40/75), the rate of underestimation was 26.7%(20/75), the rate of overestimation was 20.0%(15/75); For CT, the accuracy of evaluating the parametrial invasion was 69.3%(52/75), the rate of underestimation was 14.7%(11/75), the rate of overestimation was 17.3%(13/75). In 40 cases, both FIGO staging and evaluation by CT were consistent with the surgical results. In 35 cases, FIGO staging was different from the surgical results. In 29 cases, evaluation by CT was different from the surgical results. In 10 cases, CT could correct the error of FIGO staging. Conclusion CT scan can acquire the multi-plane image, and can directly reflect the parametrial space. It is more accurate than FIGO staging, and is an important complement to FIGO staging.

Objective To evaluate 3.0T MR diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and ADC value in diagnosis, histological grade, tumor staging and short-time therapeutic outcome of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (CCRCC). Methods DWI of 51 patients of CCRCC confirmed with surgery and pathology were retrospectively reviewed. ADC values of tumors and the corresponding areas of lateral normal renal parenchyma were measured. Taking ADC value at 1.8×10~(-3) mm~2/s as a cut-off value, the patients were divided into two groups. The tumors' histological grade, T-staging, clinical staging, tumor short-term control rate within 1 year follow-up were compared between the two groups with statistical test. Results Statistical difference of ADC value was observed between CCRCC ([1.778±0.582]×10~(-3) mm~2/s) and those of normal renal parenchyma ([2.314±0.223]×10~(-3) mm~2/s) (P<0.01). ADC values of 24 patients were less than 1.8×10~(-3) mm~2/s and those of 27 patients were more than or equal to 1.8×10~(-3) mm~2/s. There were statistical differences in histological grade, T-staging, clinical staging, tumor short-term control rate within 1 year follow-up between the two groups (P＜0.01). Conclusion 3.0T MR DWI can accurately differentiate CCRCC from normal renal parenchyma. Quantitative analysis of ADC value is helpful to evaluate the histological grade, tumor staging and short-term therapeutic outcome of CCRCC.

Objective To evaluate the ability of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer at 3.0T MR. Methods The diffusion-weigted sequences with b=800 s/mm~2 were performed in 30 patients of pancreatic cancer confirmed pathology, and in 30 control subjects with normal pancreas as well. ADC value of the cancer, pericancerous tissue and normal pancreas were recorded and statistically analyzed with ANOVA and ROC analysis. Results The mean ADC value of cancer, pericancerous tissue and normal pancreas was(1.494±0.273)×10~(-3) mm~2/s, (1.631±0.281)×10~(-3) mm~2/s and (1.778±0.237)×10~(-3) mm~2/s, respectively. ADC value of pancreatic cancer was significant different from that of the normal pancreas, while there was no significant difference between pancreatic cancer and pericancerous tissue. The one-side upper limit of 95% confidence interval of mean ADCs (1.622×10~(-3)mm~2/s)was adopted as the point to diagnosis of pancreatitis. The area under ROC curve was Az=0.800. Conclusion ADC values are helpful to differential diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and normal pancreas. DWI may be do some contribution to the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To compare the diagnostic ability of triple-phase CT and multiple-phase dynamic MR for patients with suspected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Triple-phase CT and multiple-phase dynamic MR scan were performed in 60 patients. Fifty-nine HCC lesions were confirmed in 39 patients. MR was performed with LAVA technique, the images included masks, dual-artery phases, dual-portal phases, dual-venous phases and delayed phase. Three observers separately evaluated the CT and MR imaging, and the results were compared with alternative-free-response ROC(AFROC)curve, the area under ROC (Az) was calculated to compare the diagnostic ability. Results The mean Az value of CT for the diagnosis of HCC was 0.8120±0.0118, of MR was 0.9093±0.0072 (P>0.05). In the group of HCC less than 1 cm in the diameter, the sensitivity of CT and MR was 63.89% and 80.55%(P＝0.013). In the groups HCCs of 1-3 cm and >3 cm, the sensitivity of CT and MR appeared no significant difference (P>0.05). Of all HCCs, the sensitivity of CT was lower than MR (83.62% vs 88.70%), but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The positive predict value (PPV) of CT was also lower than MR (93.07% vs 96.31%, P>0.05). Conclusion The diagnostic ability of multiple-phase dynamic-enhancement MR scan for HCCs is similar to that of triple-phase enhancement CT. For HCC less than 1 cm in diameter, dynamic-enhancement MR is superior to that of contrast-enhancement CT scan, while for the larger ones, the difference is not significant.

Objective To evaluate the detectability of dual-arterial phase of MRI and single-artery phase of CT scan for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A total of 39 patients with HCC underwent CT and MR scan, and 59 lesions of HCC were confirmed definitely. According to lesion size, the lesions were divided into 3 groups: >3 cm group (n=20), 1-3 cm group (n=27) and <1 cm group (n=12). CT was performed with 25 seconds delaying for artery phase. MR imaging was performed with liver accelerate volume acquisition (LAVA) technique, dual-artery phases included early artery phase of 17 seconds delaying and a mid-artery phase of 24 seconds delaying. The detectability of dual-artery phase of MR was compared with that of single-artery phase of CT. Results In <1 cm group, the sensitivity of CT single-artery phase images and MR dual-artery phase images in detecting HCC lesions was 50.00% (6/12) and 75.00% (9/12), respectively;the later showed a higher sensitivity (P=0.04). In groups of 1-3 cm and ＞3 cm, the sensitivity of the two technique had no statistical difference (66.67% vs 81.48% and 95.00% vs 95.00%). Conclusion For the detection of <1 cm HCC, dual-artery phase MRI has higher detectability than single artery phase enhancement CT.

Objective To explore the capability of diffusion weighed imaging (DWI) in differentiating malignant cervical lymph nodes from benign ones in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, and to assess the appropriate b value in 3.0T MR DWI. Methods Conventional MR and DWI scan were performed in 50 patients with histopathologically proven NPC and 20 healthy volunteers with GE 3.0T MR scanner, and neurovascular array 8 channels head and neck unite coil. DWI was performed with single shot spin-echo echo-planar imaging (SE-EPI) sequence at 4 different b values (600, 800, 1000,1200 s/mm~2). The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values between metastatic lymph nodes of NPC patients and benign nodes of volunteers were compared. Results The mean ADC value (×10~(-3) mm~2/s) of metastatic cervical lymph nodes of NPC at different b value (600, 800, 1000, 1200 s/mm~2) was 0.808±0.112, 0.769±0.098, 0.732±0.095 and 0.696±0.083, respectively; the mean ADC value (×10~(-3) mm~2/s) of lymph nodes of volunteers was 0.993±0.172, 0.967±0.165, 0.903±0.157 and 0.855±0.122, respectively (P<0.05). When b value was 800 s/mm~2, and ROC cut-off point was 0.873×10~(-3) mm~2/s, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy was 88.41%, 69.43%, and 75.22%, respectively. Both the satisfying images and the accurate measurement were acquired. Conclusion As a rapid and sensitive new MR technique, DWI can offer help in discriminating benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes in NPC patients.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of thin image and multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) for preoperative T staging on different regions and various pathological staging of colorectal cancer. Methods A total of 163 colorectal cancer patients underwent 64-slice CT examination, then cross section image with thickness of 5 mm (5 mm interval) and 0.5 mm (0.4 mm interval) were reconstructed. The lesions were evaluated and T staged with 5 mm, 0.5 mm and MPR image, respectively. Patients were divided according to the region of lesions: groupⅠ: the anterior wall of lower rectal or near dentate line; groupⅡ: the posterior or lateral wall of lower rectal; group Ⅲ: upper middle rectal or clone. Patients in group Ⅲ were divided into 4 subgroups according to postoperative pathological staging: group A: Tis and T1; group B: T2 (B1: T2a; B2: T2b); group C: T3; group D: T4. The accurate diagnostic rates of different regions, different imaging techniques and different pathological staging were analyzed compared with postoperative pathological results. Results CT accurate T staging diagnostic rate for group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ was 44.44%, 61.54% and 66.67% respectively with 5 mm; 51.85%, 61.54% and 69.92% respectively with 0.5 mm; 51.85%, 76.92% and 78.86% with MPR. There was significant difference of CT accurate diagnostic rates only between group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ (5 mm P=0.031, MPR P=0.004). MRP was better then 5 mm and 0.5 mm only in group Ⅲ (P=0.008, P=0.019). The sensibility of diagnostic T staging of A, B, C and D subgroup in group Ⅲ was as follows: 53.85%, 30.00%(B1: 57.14%, B2: 6.25%), 84.00% and 60.00% with 5 mm; 76.92%, 33.33%(B1: 76.92%, B2: 18.75%),84.00% and 60.00% with 0.5 mm; 92.31%, 53.33%(B1: 78.57%, B2: 31.25%), 86.67% and 80.00% with MPR. CT accurate T staging diagnostic rate of subgroup B2 was significantly lower than those of other groups, and most of the errors were over valuated. Conclusion CT has good sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for diagnostic T staging for early colorectal cancer. MPR can raise the accurate diagnostic rate of upper middle rectal and colon tumor. CT diagnostic value for T staging of lesions at the anterior wall of lower rectal or near dentate line tumor is limited, and the primary cause is over diagnosis of T2b lesions.