0.05).Anastomotic inflammatory reaction occurred in 2 patients(3.2%) in BAR group and 13 patients(20.0%) in manual group.The difference was statistically significant(P

The bioactive identity of A Ⅱ made in China and overseas was demonstrated in different levers including receptor, organ and whole body in this report. Therefore, the A Ⅱ made in China can be used in various pharmacological researches in stead of imports.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of T helper (Th) 17 cells and the related interleukin 17 (IL-17) in acute renal allograft rejection in mice and its significance.Methods We established a mouse renal allograft model,in which mice were randomly divided into a renal isograft group and an acute renal allograft rejection group.Three and 7 d after the transplantation,the serum interferon (IFN)-γand IL-17 levels in the mice were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,the percentage of Th1 and Th17 cells in the total kidney-infiltrating lymphocytes was investigated by flow cytometry,and the transplanted kidney species were given routine pathological examination after fixation with 10％ formalin.ResultsCompared with the isograft group,the allograft mice showed a significantly higher content of IL-17 (P ＜0.05 ) but not IFN-γ in the serum 3 d after transplantation,and showed significantly higher serum IL-17 and IFN-γcontents 7 d after transplantation (P ＜ 0.05 ).Also,compared with the isograft group,the allograft mice exhibited significantly higher percentage of Th1 and Th17 cells on both day 3 and day 7 ( P ＜ 0.05 ).In the allograft group,the contents of serum IFN-γand IL-17 and the percentage of Th1 and Th17 cells were significantly higher on day 7 than on day 3 (P ＜ 0.05 ).Routine pathological examination indicated that,as time passed,the allograft mice showed gradually stronger rejection responses.ConclusionTh17 cells might play an important role in the development of acute renal allograft rejection,and IL-17 can be used as an early indicator of acute rejection.

Objective To study the efficacy of emergency orthotopic liver transplantation(EOLT) for acute(hepatic) failure(ALT).Methods A retrospective review was undertaken on the clinical data of 8 patients undergoing emergency liver transplantation for ALT.Results The 8 patients completely regained consciousness in 12 to 72 hours after operation.No case developed central nervous complications.One case of severe(hepatitis) complicated by acute renal failure died of respiratory infection and ARDS on postoperative day 7.One case who refused to take medication died from chronic rejection 12 months after operation.One case was(complicated) by bile duct stricture and biliary sludge at 14 months postoperatively and survived for 18 months.Four of the other 5 cases were followed up for 17 months and 1 cases for 14 months,and thir quality of life was excellent.3 of them have returned to work.Conclusions Emergency orthotopic liver thansplantation is an effective means to treat ALF.Intensive care and effective treatment preoperatively are pre-requisite(conditions) to ensure the success of EOLT.

Objective To investigate the arterial blood supply of the pancreas head and provide a theoretical basis for the gastroduodenal artery reconstruction in pancreatic transplantation(PT).Methods Photograms of digital subtraction artery(DSA)which performing on 300 patients were analyzed to recognize the aberrations of arterial blood supply of pancreatic head.Results In 300 DSA photograms,the gastroduodenal artery(GD.a)was identified in 131 cases,and the anterior superior pancreaicduodenal artery(ASPD.a)and posterior superior pancreaicduodenal artery(PSPD.a)in 79 cases.The rate of aberrant origin of pancreatic transverse artery(PT.a)from GD.a was 12.98℅.There are some minor sources of blood supply to the pancreas head from GD.a.The rate of absence of an ASPD.a-AIPD.a anastomosis and PSPD.a-PIPD.a anastomosis was 15.19℅and 24.05℅,respectively.Conclusions The reconstruction of gastroduodenal artery can ensure a complete blood supply to the pancreatic head and duodenum in PT.

17.1?mol/L).

Objective To study the relationship between X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) expression and transitional cell carcinoma(TCC) development. Methods Forty-three TCC tissues and 12 normal transitional epithelial tissues were applied to detect XIAP expression by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blot. The data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS11.5 according to the 2 groups (TCC and normal transitional epithelial) as well as the dif-ferent subgroups (tumor stage, grade, single or multiple tumor, primary or recurrence tumor). Results XIAP expression in TCC tissues was higher than in normal transitional epithelial tissues(im-munohistochemistry: 22±5 and 16±2, Western blot:1.21±0. 15 and 0. 61±0.24, mRNA: 1.17± 0. 30 and 0. 75±0. 17, P<0. 05). In the bladder tumors group, XIAP expression in recurrence tumors was higher than in primary tumors(immunohistochemistry: 24±3 and 20±3, Western blot: 1.66±0.28 and 1.10±0. 23, mRNA: 1.44±0. 27 and 1.05±0. 23, P<0. 05). However, there were no significant differences according to the tumor stage and tumor grade as well as tumor multi-plicity or not. Conclusion XIAP expression might serve as a biomarker in TCC diagnosis and recur-rence prediction.

Objective To observe the expression of aquaporin 4 (AQP-4) in contused brain tissue and its relationship with brain edema following brain trauma.Methods A retrospective case control analysis was made on 42 patients with severe brain trauma admitted from January 2015 to March 2016.There were 23 males and 19 females,aged from 23 to 62 years [(35.5 ± 5.6) years].Glasgow coma score (GCS) was 3-5 points in 7 patients,6-8 points in 23 and 9-10 points in 12.Brain tissue removed from the area 1 cm near the contusion during the cranial surgery were allocated to study group (n =42),while brain tissue removed far from the contusion after internal decompression were used as control (n =8).Ultrastructure of brain tissues was observed under electron microscope.Water content of brain tissue was measured by dry-wet weight method and expression of AQP-4 was measured by immunohistochemical method at postinjury hours ＜ 6,6-12,12-24,24-72,72-96 and ＞ 96.Results Morphology and structure of brain tissue in control group were normal.Whereas in study group,the intracellular and interstitial edema were obvious and morphological structure were damaged.Water content and AQP-4 expression in control group showed no obvious increase after operation(73.55 ±0.10,0.193 ±0.016).Water content in study group increased significantly compared to control group and reached the peak value (81.28 ± 0.56) at postinjury 24-72 hours (P ＜ 0.01).AQP-4 expression in study group increased at postinjury 6 hours (0.242 ±0.023) and reached a peak at postinjury 24-72 hours (0.338 ± 0.013),with significant difference compared to control group (P ＜ 0.05).Correlation analysis showed change of brain water content was positively correlated with expression level of AQP-4 (r =0.931,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Expression of AQP-4 in the injured area of brain trauma is significantly increased along with the increase of water content,suggests that the upregulation of AQP-4 plays an important role in traumatic brain edema.

Objective To evaluate the long-term therapeutic results and the safety of nephronsparing surgery(NSS) for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Methods Clinical data of 243 NSSfor renal cell carcinoma were retrospectively analysed. Of them, 159 were males and 84 were femaleswith average age of 58 years (range from 24 ?77 years). The average tumor size was 3. 4 cm (rangefrom 1.1 to 6. 7 cm). Three cases were solitary renal cell carcinoma, 11 were bilateral renal cell carcinoma; 237 cases were in stage T_(1a). and 6 cases were in stage T_(1b). No lymph node and distant metastasis, no renal vein cancer tumor embolus and inferior vena cava tumor embolus was found. Postoperative follow-up was carried out by ultrasound, CT and renal function. Cancer specific survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Results After a mean 31 months (1-147months) follow-up, long-term follow-up data were obtained in 232 cases because the other 11 did notlive in Dalian, 52 were treated with interferon. Four of the 232 patients treated with NSS had died:1died from lung cancer 16 months after lung cancer treatment, the other 3 died from cardiovascular diseases. The total survival rate and cancer specific survival rate were 98. 3% and 100. 0%, respectively.Local tumor recurrences were detected in 5 patients and tumor metastasis was detected in 1 patient.The recurrence rate was 2. 2%, and the metastasis rate was 0. 4%. The complications included temporary renal failure and urine leakage. The complication rate was 5. 6%. Conclusions NSS for renalcell carcinoma is a safe and feasible treatment option. It has the advantages of low local recurrence,good long-term survival rate and low complication rate. NSS can maximally reserve functional nephron, reduce the risk of chronic renal failure, preserve patient's quality of life and increase patient'ssatisfaction.

Objective To evaluate the outcome of 1iver transplantation for acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients .Methods We included 453 consecutive patients with previously cirrhosis who underwent liver transplantation between January 2013 and December 2017 .Patients were categorized as no ACLF (n=294) and ACLF(n=159) according to EASL-CLIF consortium criteria .Furthermore ,we used ACLF grades to categorize the ACLF patients .Their clinical data were reviewed and their 90-days survival outcomes were compared .Results Compared with the no ACLF group ,the length of stay in the ICU was significantly prolonged for all patients with ACLF ,and the 90-days survival rate after transplantation was significantly reduced in ACLF group .The length of stay in the ICU was shorter in Grade 1 and Grade 2 group when compared to Grade 3 group .The 90-days survival rate of no ACLF ,Grade 1 ,Grade 2 and Grade 3 group were 93 .20％ ,92 .59％ ,93 .33％ and 73 .68％ ,respectively .There were no statistically significant differences in 90-days survival rate among the no ACLF ,Grade 1 and Grade 2 group .However , the 90-days survive rate of Grade 3 group was lower than that of other groups .Conclusions Liver transplantation has been shown to be safe and effective with good outcome in patients with ACLF and should be offered in early course of ACLF before onset of multi-organ failure .