OBJECTIVE To analyze the main components of Chelidonii Herba-Corydalis Rhizoma （CHCR）， and to predict pharmacodynamic substances against estrogen receptor （ER） -positive breast cancer and their potential targets and signaling pathways， followed by verifying experiments. METHODS The ethanol extract of CHCR was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS）. The network pharmacology analysis was performed for the screened components. The network diagram of CHCR “active components-target-pathway” was constructed， and the enrichment pathway in vitro was validated. RESULTS A total of 58 chemical components were identified， including 57 alkaloids and 1 organic acid. A total of 38 active ingredients were screened from the network pharmacology， and 38 core targets were found in the protein-protein interaction network of “component-disease” intersection targets； 258 gene ontology entries and 137 Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomics pathways were obtained， mainly including estrogen signal pathway， phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/Akt） signal pathway， etc. The results of validation test showed that the median inhibitory concentration of CHCR to MCF-7 cells was 693 μg/mL； 150， 300， 600 μg/mL CHCR could significantly reduce the expressions of phosphorylated PI3K， phosphorylated Akt， ERα protein and ESR1 mRNA （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS The anti-ER-positive breast cancer effect of CHCR may be related to the regulation of ER and PI3K/Akt pathways， which has the characteristics of multi-component and multi-target effects.

BACKGROUND: The KangDuo-Surgical Robot-01 (KD-SR-01) system is a new surgical robot recently developed in China. The aim of this study was to present our single-center experience and mid-term outcomes of urological procedures using the KD-SR-01 system. METHODS: From August 2020 to April 2023, consecutive urologic procedures were performed at Peking University First Hospital using the KD-SR-01 system. The clinical features, perioperative data, and follow-up outcomes were prospectively collected and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 110 consecutive patients were recruited. Among these patients, 28 underwent partial nephrectomy (PN), 41 underwent urinary tract reconstruction (26 underwent pyeloplasty, 3 underwent ureteral reconstruction and 12 underwent ureterovesical reimplantation [UR]), and 41 underwent radical prostatectomy (RP). The median operative time for PN was 112.5 min, 157.0 min for pyeloplasty, 151.0 min for ureteral reconstruction, 142.5 min for UR, and 138.0 min for RP. The median intraoperative blood loss was 10 mL for PN, 10 mL for pyeloplasty, 30 mL for ureteral reconstruction, 20 mL for UR, and 50 mL for RP. All procedures were successfully completed without conversion, and there were no major complications in any patient. The median warm ischemia time of PN was 17.3 min, and positive surgical margin was not noted in any patient. The overall positive surgical margin rate of RP was 39% (16/41), and no biochemical recurrence was observed in any RP patient during the median follow-up of 11.0 months. The surgical success rates of pyeloplasty and UR were 96% (25/26) and 92% (11/12) during the median follow-up of 29.5 months and 11.5 months, respectively. CONCLUSION The KD-SR-01 system appears feasible, safe, and effective for most urological procedures, based on our single-center experience.
Male ; Humans ; Robotic Surgical Procedures/methods* ; Robotics ; Treatment Outcome ; Retrospective Studies ; Ureter/surgery* ; Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods* ; Laparoscopy/methods*

Objective:In recent years,the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy(DN)has increased significantly.An increasing number of studies have shown that lymphocyte-associated inflammatory responses play a role in DN.This study aims to investigate the relationship between lymphocytes and DN in patients with autoimmune diabetes. Methods:The clinical data of 226 patients with Type 1 diabetes(T1D)and 79 patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults(LADA)were retrospectively studied and stratified according to the urinary albumin to creatinine ratio(ACR).Risk factors associated with DN were analyzed using correlation analysis and logistic regression. Results:In T1D and LADA patients,systolic blood pressure(SBP),uric acid duration,and diabetes duration in patients with normoalbuminuria were lower or shorter than those in patients with macroalbuminuria(P＜0.05).The lymphocyte count of T1D patients was significantly higher than that in LADA patients(P＜0.05),while the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)of T1D patients was significantly lower than that in LADA patients(P＜0.05).The lymphocyte count in the T1D patients with normoalbuminuria was lower than that those with macroalbuminuria(P＜0.05).The NLR was lower in the T1D patients with macroalbuminuria than those with microalbuminuria and normoproteinuria(all P＜0.01).Based on logistic regression analysis,lymphocytes were independently associated with DN in T1D after adjusting for various known risk factors such as course of disease,age,gender,dyslipidemia,hypertension,and smoking status.Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve of subjects predicting lymphocytes in normoalbuminuria showed that the area under the curve was 0.601(95% CI 0.510 to 0.693,P=0.039),and when the cutoff value of lymphocytes was 2.332,the sensitivity was 37.0%,and the specificity was 82.5%. Conclusion:Lymphocyte counts in autoimmune diabetic patients are closely associated with DN,suggesting that lymphocyte-mediated inflammation may be involved in the pathogenesis of DN in autoimmune diabetic patients.This study provides a possible perspective for using lymphocytes as a potential biomarker for the early identification of individuals at risk for DN and potential therapeutic targets for DN.

OBJECTIVES: There is a high coagulation state in pregnant women, which is prone to coagulation and fibrinolysis system dysfunction. This study aims to explore the latest coagulation markers-thrombomodulin (TM), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), plasmin-α2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), and tissue plasminogen activator/plasminogen activator inhibitor compound (tPAI-C) in different stages of pregnancy, establish reference intervals (RIs) for healthy pregnant women of Chinese population, and to provide an effective and reliable reference for clinicians. METHODS: A total of 492 healthy pregnant women, who underwent pregnancy examination and delivery in the Department of Obstetrics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from October 2019 to October 2020, were enrolled for this study. They were assigned into the first trimester group, the second trimester group, the third trimester group, and the puerperium group according to the pregnancy period, and 123 healthy non-pregnant women were selected as the controls. Plasma levels of TM, TAT, PIC and tPAI-C were analyzed by automatic chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer. The RIs for TM, TAT, PIC, and tPAI-C were defined using non-parametric 95% intervals, determined following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Document C28-A3c (CLSI C28-A3c), and Formulation of Reference Intervals for the Clinical Laboratory Test Items (WS/T402-2012). RESULTS: TM and TAT levels increased gradually in the first, second, and third trimester women and decreased in the puerperium women (P<0.05 or P<0.01). PIC level of healthy non-pregnant women was lower than that of pregnant women (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but PIC level of pregnant and puerperium women did not differ significantly (P>0.05). tPAI-C level in healthy non-pregnant women was lower than that of pregnant women (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and tPAI-C level was significantly decreases in the puerperium women (P<0.01). The RIs for TM were as follows: Healthy non-pregnant women at 3.20-4.60 TU/mL, the first and second trimester at 3.12-7.90 TU/mL, the third trimester at 3.42-8.29 TU/mL, puerperium at 2.70-6.40 TU/mL. The RIs for TAT were as follows: Healthy non-pregnant women at 0.50-1.64 ng/mL, the first and second trimester at 0.52-6.91 ng/mL, the third trimester at 0.96-12.92 ng/mL, puerperium at 0.82-3.75 ng/mL. The RIs for PIC were as follows: Healthy non-pregnant women at 0.160-0.519 ng/mL, pregnant women at 0.162-0.770 μg/mL. The RIs for tPAI-C were as follows: Healthy non-pregnant women at 1.90-4.80 ng/mL, the first and second trimester at 2.03-9.33 ng/mL, the third trimester at 2.80-14.20 ng/mL, puerperium at 1.10-8.40 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS The levels of 4 new coagulation markers TM, TAT, PIC, and tPAI-C in pregnant women are increased significantly during pregnancy and gradually return to normal after delivery. The RIs for TM, TAT, PIC, and tPAI-C in pregnant women by trimester are established according to CLSI C28-A3c, thus providing a clinical reference for clinician in judgement of thrombotic risk.
Biomarkers/blood* ; Blood Coagulation ; Female ; Humans ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Reference Values

OBJECTIVES: Pregnant women in a special physiological period, the body's blood indicators will change to a certain extent. This study aims to explore the changes of serum immunoglobulin levels in healthy pregnant women and establish its reference interval (RI). METHODS: A total of 369 healthy pregnant women, who underwent pregnancy examination in the Department of Obstetrics, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from August 2019 to October 2019, were enrolled for this study. They were divided into an early pregnancy group, a middle pregnancy group, and a late pregnancy group according to the pregnancy period, and 123 healthy non-pregnant women were selected as the controls. The levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) were determined by immune transmission turbidities. The level of immunoglobulin E (IgE) was determined by electrochemiluminescence. The differences in immunoglobulin levels between pregnant women and non-pregnant women and among different gestational periods were analyzed, and the RI of serum immunoglobulin level during pregnancy was established. RESULTS: Compared to the non-pregnant women, the levels of serum IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE in pregnant women were significantly decreased (all CONCLUSIONS The levels of immunoglobulin in pregnant women are decreased significantly. The establishment of RIs of IgG, IgM, IgA and IgE in healthy pregnant women could provide scientific basis for clinical decision-making.
Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Reference Values

OBJECTIVE：To study the prepar ation technology of gastric floating tablets of Schisandra chinensis total lignans （SCTL），and evaluate the quality of prepared tablets. METHODS ：Based on single factor test ，the orthogonal experiment was conducted to optimize the formulation of SCTL gastric floating tablets with the contents of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose （HPMC） K15M，NaHCO3 and microcrystalline cellulose as the factors ，using starting time ，holding time and cumulative release rate of gastric floating tablets as evaluation indexes. The properties ，weight difference ，floatability and accumulative release rate of the prepared SCTL gastric floating tablets were determined. The gastric floating tablets were qualitatively identified by TLC ，and the contents of schisandrin A and total lignans were determined by HPLC and UV spectrophotometry. RESULTS ：The optimal formulation of SCTL gastric floating tablets was made up of 23％ SCTL extract ，20％ HPMC K 15M，40％ microcrystalline cellulose，15％ sodium bicarbonate ，1％ octadecyl alcohol and 1％ polyvinylpyrrolidone. The results of detection of this preparation were in line with the related provisions of “0101 tablet”stated in 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （part Ⅳ）. TLC indicated that the chromatogram of the test sample showed the main spots of same color as the corresponding positions of the chromatogram of schizandrol A control ，Schisandra chinensis reference substance and raw material ，while the negative control has no interference. Content determination results shows that the average content of schizandrol A and total lignans in SCTL gastric floating tablets is 3.187，19.617 mg. It was preliminarily formulated that the content limitation of schizandrol A in one tablet should not be less than 2.50 mg，and the content of total lignans （calculated by schizandrol A ）should not be less than 15.50 mg. CONCLUSIONS：The preparation technology of SCTL gastric floating tablets is stable ，feasible and controllable in quality.

Microtubule inhibitor has been a hot area of anticancer drugs research.Microtubule inhibitor exert an anti-tumor effect by promoting or inhibiting the microtubule aggregation to break the dynamic balance of microtubule,hindering the spindle forma-tion of tumor cells,and then blocking the process of cell divi-sion.Mitotic catastrophe is a cell death phenomenon that is caused by abnormal cell division and damage of spindle structure in cell mitosis phase.In recent years more and more attention has been paid to mitotic catastrophe cell death because it has
been confirmed clinically that microtubule inhibitors can induce mitotic catastrophe death of tumor cells.This paper reviews the latest research progress of microtubule inhibitors,and discusses the molecular mechanisms of mitotic catastrophe cell death tumor cells induced by microtubule inhibitors.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of specific immunotherapy (SIT) with standardized dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract for allergic rhinitis (AR)accompanied with asthma.Method:One hundred and fifty-five patients(40 AR with asthma, AR & asthma) in accordance with the inclusion criteria of SIT, were allocated to receive standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract (SIT group, n=89) or medical treatment(control group, n=66). AR with or without asthma was observed separately. Symptom and medicine scores, quality of life were recorded and analyzed before and after 1 year treatment. Side effects were registered. Subjective evaluation of symptoms was made by the patients.Result:Rhinitis and asthma symptom scores, medicine scores and quality of life were greatly improved in SIT group of AR & asthma after 1 year, which were not significant changed in control group except for medicine scores. The subjective evaluation of symptoms was also significantly improved in SIT group. In patients of AR without asthma, the symptom scores, medicine scores and quality of life were both improved. The SIT group improved greater than that of control group.Conclusion:The clinical efficacy of patients with AR & asthma was not good with simple medical treatment, while great clinical efficacy could be acquired with SIT.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the compliance of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for allergic rhinitis (AR) in real life. METHOD: Two hundred and thirty AR patients sensitive to house dust mites were divided into general treatment group and intervention treatment group. Both groups followed a SLIT schedule once daily. The general treatment group was in accordance with the normal clinical procedure. The intervention treatment group was given a systemic patient management including patients education of AR, common problems of SLIT in real life, regular telephone interviews and feedback, termly physician-patient communication. The compliance of the two groups was recorded and analyzed. RESULT: Dropouts in the first year were 47 (45.19%) of the general treatment group and 23 (18.25%) of the intervention treatment group respectively. More than half dropouts were happened at the first two months. Three major reasons of dropouts were no improvement of symptoms, no further consultation because of too far away or too busy and side effects. The occurrence of omission during SLIT was more frequently in general treatment group than intervention treatment group. Three major reasons of omission were forgetting, cold or cough, using up of the SLIT reagent before next consultation. CONCLUSION Percentage of dropouts and omission in normal SLIT patients was comparatively high, which can be significantly improved by systemic patient managements.
Administration, Sublingual ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Compliance ; Patient Dropouts ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; psychology ; therapy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of specific immunotherapy (SIT) with standardized dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract for allergic rhinitis (AR)accompanied with asthma. METHOD: One hundred and fifty-five patients (40 AR with asthma, AR & asthma) in accordance with the inclusion criteria of SIT, were allocated to receive standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract (SIT group, n = 89) or medical treatment (control group, n = 66). AR with or without asthma was observed separately. Symptom and medicine scores, quality of life were recorded and analyzed before and after 1 year treatment. Side effects were registered. Subjective evaluation of symptoms was made by the patients. RESULT: Rhinitis and asthma symptom scores, medicine scores and quality of life were greatly improved in SIT group of AR & asthma after 1 year, which were not significant changed in control group except for medicine scores. The subjective evaluation of symptoms was also significantly improved in SIT group. In patients of AR without asthma, the symptom scores, medicine scores and quality of life were both improved. The SIT group improved greater than that of control group. CONCLUSION The clinical efficacy of patients with AR & asthma was not good with simple medical treatment, while great clinical efficacy could be acquired with SIT.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Allergens ; immunology ; Animals ; Antigens, Dermatophagoides ; pharmacology ; Asthma ; complications ; immunology ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pyroglyphidae ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; complications ; immunology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult