To explore the relationships between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutional types and overweight or obesity so as to provide evidence for adjusting constitutional bias and preventing and treating obesity.

Objective To evaluate the effects of ulinastatin on perioperative inflammatory response during cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods Comprehensive search of PubMed,EMbase,the Cochrane Library,CECDB,CQVIP,CNKI databases was conducted for randomized controlled trials(RCTs) published from January 1994 to June 2014.The included studies were evaluated strictly and the extracted data were analyzed by RevMan 5.2. Results A total of 7 RCTs including 335 patients were included,and 154 patients were in the experimental group,while 181 patients were in the control group.In the experimental group, patients were given Ulinastatin during surgery. System evaluation results show that, the concentration of TNF-α [ SMD (95%CI) were -3.48(-4.64,-2.31)] and IL-6 [SMD(95%CI) were -3.04(-4.54,-1.54)] in experimental group at 1 h after weaning from CPB were significantly lower than those in control group. Conclusion Ulinastatin used perioperatively in cardiopulmonary bypass can significantly reduce postoperative inflammation.

Objective To evaluate the effects of sevoflurane on the expression of early growth response gene 1 (Egr-1) and Egr-2 in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of sleep-deprived rats.Methods Forty-eight pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,were divided into 4 groups (n =12 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),sleep deprivation group (group SD),sevoflurane group (group SEV) and sleep deprivation plus sevoflurane group (group SD+SEV).The rats were subjected to sleep deprivation for 96 h in group SD.The rats inhaled 2.5％ sevoflurane for 3 h in group SEV.The rats inhaled 2.5％ sevoflurane for 3 h after being subjected to sleep deprivation for 96 h in group SD+SEV.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured at 12 h,3 days and 7 days after emergence from anesthesia (T1-3).The animals were sacrificed after blood samples were obtained from the external carotid artery,and the cerebral SCN was removed for determination of Egr-1 and Egr-2 expression by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the MWT was significantly decreased at T1-3 in SD,SEV and SD+SEV groups,the expression of Egr-1 and Egr-2 in SCN was significantly up-regulated at T1-3 in SD and SD+SEV groups,and the expression of Egr-1 in SCN was significantly up-regulated at T1-3,and the expression of Egr-2 in SCN was up-regulated at T1 in group SEV (P＜0.05).Compared with SD and SEV groups,the MWT was significantly decreased at T1-3 in group SD+SEV,and the expression of Egr-1 and Egr-2 in SCN was significantly up-regulated at T1-3 in group SD+SEV (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which sevoflurane aggravates hyperalgesia is related to up-regulation of Egr-1 and Egr-2 expression in SCN of sleepdeprived rats.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) overexpression on hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury to hippocampal neurons of mice exposed to high glucose and its relationship with SOD2.Methods:The normally cultured HT22 neurons at the logarithmic phase were selected and divided into 3 groups ( n=12 each) using a random number table method: high-glucose normoxia group (HG group), high glucose+ H/R group (HHR group) and high glucose+ H/R+ SIRT3 overexpression group (HHR+ SIRT3 group). To establish high glucose model, the neurons in 3 groups were cultured in high-glucose culture medium (glucose concentration of 50 mmol/L) for 8 h. In HHR and HHR+ SIRT3 groups, the cells were exposed to glucose-free and hypoxia for 6 h and then cultured in the high-glucose normoxic environment for 24 h to establish the high glucose and HR injury model.In HHR+ SIRT3 group, the neurons were transfected with SIRT3 overexpressed lentivirus.The cell viability was recorded by the cell counting kit-8 assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content was detected by flow cytometry, mitochondrial malonaldehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content were determined by colorimetry, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by JC-1 probe, and the expression of nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), SIRT3, SOD2 and acetylated SOD2 (ac-SOD2) was detected by Western blot. Results:Compared with HG group, cell viability, SOD activity, CAT activity, ATP content, MMP, NRF1 and the expression of TFAM and SIRT3 were significantly decreased, and ROS content, MDA content and ac-SOD2/SOD2 ratio were increased in group HHR and group HHR+ SIRT3 ( P<0.05). Compared with HHR group, cell viability, SOD activity, CAT activity, ATP content, MMP, NRF1 and the expression of TFAM and SIRT3 were significantly increased, and ROS content, MDA content and ac-SOD2 /SOD2 ratio were decreased in HHR+ SIRT3 group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:SIRT3 overexpression can alleviate hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury to hippocampal neurons of mice incubated in high glucose medium, and the mechanism is related to activation of SOD2 deacetylation.

Objective To design and test a device which is capable of accurately measuring and dynamically adjusting the axial pressure at the fracture end in real-time.Methods Upon completion of the design,the pressure measurement and adjustment device was implemented in a canine tibial fracture external fixation model.A pressure sensor was mounted at the fracture end,and the displayed values of the pressure sensor were used as the standard for comparison.The relationship between the displayed values of the measurement and adjustment device and the pressure sensor under identical conditions was examined.Results The device was utilized in external fixation models of tibial fractures in five beagles.A linear correlation was observed between the displayed values of the device and the pressure sensor at the fracture end.The measurement values from the device could be transformed into fracture end pressure through the application of coefficients,thereby facilitating accurate measurement and dynamic adjustment of the fracture end pressure.Conclusion The pressure measurement and adjustment device at the fracture end is easy to operate,enabling precise measurement and dynamic regulation of the pressure at the fracture end.It is well-suited for animal experiments aimed at investigating the impact of axial compression on fracture healing,demonstrating promising potential for experimental applications.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Kangduo endoscopic surgical robot system for partial nephrectomy.Methods:Consecutive patients with stage T 1 renal tumor meeting the inclusion criteria from the Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital from December 2020 to February 2021 were prospectively enrolled. All patients underwent partial nephrectomy with the Kangduo endoscopic surgical robot system after signing the informed consent. Clinical data including preoperative, perioperative and postoperative pathology and follow-up were collected. Results:Among the 26 patients, there were 16 males and 10 females, with a median age of 53(33-74) years, and a median body mass index of 25.99(20.90-32.91) kg/m 2. There were 12 cases of left kidney tumor and 14 cases of right kidney tumor. The median tumor diameter was 2.2(1.0-3.5) cm. The median time of warm ischemia was 17.7(7.1-29.2) minutes, and all of them were less than 30 minutes. The median docking time was 4.7(2.3-9.9) minutes, and the median time of robotic arm operation was 65.0 (37.0-155.0) minutes. The median National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) score was 5.3 (2.0-28.0), and no instrument-related adverse events occurred intraoperatively. The median postoperative hospital stay was 4 (4-5) days. All tumor margins were negative on pathologic reports. No Clavien Ⅱ stage operative complications occurred in all patients during perioperative period and 1 month after the surgery. Conclusions:The partial nephrectomy using the kangduo endoscopic surgical robot system were completed successfully, and no instrument-related adverse events and complications occurred, showing that this surgical system used for partial nephrectomy is safe and effective.

Objective:To investigate the protective effect of REV-ERBα agonist SR9009 on hippocampal working memory in rats with acute rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation after exploratory laparotomy and its possible mechanism.Methods:Ninety SD rats were randomly divided into control group, sleep deprivation group, exploratory laparotomy group, sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy group, and sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy+SR9009 group ( n=18). Rats in the sleep deprivation group, exploratory laparotomy group, and sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy group were given REM sleep deprivation for 96 h or (and) exploratory laparotomy, respectively. Rats in the sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy+SR9009 group accepted exploratory laparotomy after REM sleep deprivation for 96 h, and accepted intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg SR9009 daily from the day after surgery to the 6 th d of surgery. The reversall escape latency of rats was recorded by contrapuntal space exploration training one-5 d after surgery. On the 5 th d of surgery, reversal space exploration experiment was conducted to record the number of times of rats crossing the original platform. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of REV-ERBα and BMAL1 in the hippocampus of rats. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 in the hippocampus of rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunofluorescent staining was used to detect the expressions of neuronal nucleoprotein (NeuN) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Results:(1) The escape latency in the sleep deprivation group, exploratory laparotomy group, and sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy group was significantly longer than that in the control group on the first, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th, 5 th d of surgery ( P<0.05); while the escape latency in the sleep deprivation group and sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy group was significantly longer than that in the exploratory laparotomy group ( P<0.05); on the 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th, 5 th d of surgery, the reversal escape latency in the sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy+SR9009 group was statistically shorter than that in the sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy group ( P<0.05). The number of times of rats crossing the original platform in the sleep deprivation group, exploratory laparotomy group, and sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy group was significantly smaller than that of the control group ( P<0.05); that of rats in the sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy group was significantly smaller than that of the exploratory laparotomy group, and that of rats in the sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy+SR9009 group was significantly larger than that of the sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy group ( P<0.05). (2) As compared with the control group, the exploratory laparotomy group, sleep deprivation group and sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy group had significantly decreased expressions of REV-ERBα and BMAL1, and statistically increased IL-1β and IL-6 levels in the hippocampal tissues ( P<0.05); as compared with the sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy group, the sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy+SR9009 group had significantly increased expressions of REV-ERBα and BMAL1, and statistically decreased IL-1β and IL-6 levels ( P<0.05). (3) As compared with the control group, the exploratory laparotomy group, sleep deprivation group and sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy group had decreased amount of neurons in the hippocampal CA3 area and increased amount of activated astrocytes; as compared with the sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy group, the sleep deprivation+exploratory laparotomy+SR9009 group had increased amount of neurons in the hippocampal CA3 area and decreased amount of activated astrocytes. Conclusion:Acute REM sleep deprivation can lead to work memory impairment in rats accepted exploratory laparotomy, which might be associated with neuroinflammation and REV-ERBα/BMAL1 pathway, and SR9009 could alleviate the damage.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of domestic Kangduo endoscopic robotic surgical system(SR1500)in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy via abdominal approach.Methods Perioperative data of 5 patients with renal tumors undergoing transabdominal partial nephrectomy with SR1500 at Miyun Hospital during Jul.and Aug.2023 were prospectively collected.The surgical procedure,operation time,pathological margins,intraoperative bleeding,hospital stay,and catheter removal time were recorded.Results The average tumor diameter was 1.92 cm,staged as T1a in TNM classification,with an average R.E.N.A.L score of 5.80.The mean docking time of equipment was 3.00 min,robotic arm operating time 97.20 min,and renal warm ischemia time 19.80 min.Postoperative pathology revealed negative surgical margins in all patients.No high-grade perioperative complications or device-related adverse events occurred.Conclusion Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy using the Kangduo endoscopic robotic surgical system(SR1500)via abdominal approach is safe and effective in the treatment of T1a renal tumors.

Objective    To evaluate the diagnostic value of various severity assessment scoring systems for sepsis after cardiac surgery and the predictive value for long-term prognosis. Methods    The clinical data of patients who underwent cardiac sugeries including coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and (or) valve reconstruction/valve replacement were extracted from Medical Information Mark for Intensive Care-Ⅲ (MIMIC-Ⅲ). A total of 6 638 patients were enrolled in this study, including 4 558 males and 2 080 females, with an average age of 67.0±12.2 years. Discriminatory power was determined by comparing the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) for each scoring system individually using the method of DeLong. An X-tile analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off point for each scoring system, and the patients were grouped by the cut-off point, and Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were applied to analyze their long-term survival. Results    Compared with the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, acute physiology score-Ⅲ (APS-Ⅲ, P<0.001), the simplified acute physiology score-Ⅱ (SAPS-Ⅱ, P<0.001) and logistic organ dysfunction score (LODS, P<0.001) were more accurate in distinguishing sepsis. Compared with the non-septic group, the 10-year overall survival rate of the septic group was lower (P<0.001). Except for the systemic inflammation response score (SIRS) system, the 10-year overall survival rates of patients in the high risk layers of SOFA (HR=2.50, 95%CI 2.23-2.80, P<0.001), SAPS (HR=2.93, 95%CI 2.64-3.26, P<0.001), SAPS-Ⅱ (HR=2.77, 95%CI 2.51-3.04, P<0.001), APS-Ⅲ (HR=2.90, 95%CI 2.63-3.20, P<0.001), LODS (HR=2.17, 95%CI 1.97-2.38, P<0.001), modified logistic organ dysfunction score (MLODS, HR=2.04, 95%CI 1.86-2.25, P<0.001) and the Oxford acute severity of illness score (OASIS, HR=2.37, 95%CI 2.16-2.60, P<0.001) systems were lower than those in the low risk layers. Conclusion    Compared with SOFA score, APS-Ⅲ score may have higher value in the diagnosis of sepsis in patients who undergo isolated CABG, a valve procedure or a combination of both. Except for SIRS scoring system, SOFA, APS-Ⅲ, SAPS, SAPS-Ⅱ, LODS, MLODS and OASIS scoring systems can be applied to predict the long-term outcome of patients after cardiac surgery.

Objective: To investigate the role of clock gene Bmal1, Per2 and Egr1 expression in learning and memory undergoing sevoflurane anesthesia after acute sleep deprivation. Methods: 72 male SD rats were equally divided into four groups using a random number table (n=18) : normal control group (group Control), do not do any processing; sleep deprivation group (group SD), acute sleep deprivation for 96 h; sevoflurane group (group Sev), suffering 2.5% sevoflurane for 3 h; sleep deprivation+sevoflurane group (group SD+Sev), 96 h sleep deprivation followed by 3 h 2.5% sevoflurane inhalation. The Morris water maze, for spatial memory acquisition test, was used to measure the time percent of target quadrant and numbers of platform-site crossovers before sleep deprivation (T0) and at 1 d (T1), 3 d (T2), 7 d (T3) after inhalation anesthesia. Rats were sacrificed after spatial memory acquisition test. Brain hippocampus samples were obtained for determination of Bmal1, Per2 and Egr1 expression by Western blot, and neuron morphology was observed by the Nissl staining. Results: Compared with Control group, the percentage of time in target quadrant and the numbers of platform-site crossovers were significantly decreased at T1 and T2 in Sev group (P<0.05); and compared with Control group, the percentage of time in target quadrant and the numbers of platform-site crossovers were also significantly decreased at T1, T2 and T3 in SD group rats (P<0.05). Compared with Sev group rats (the percentages of time in target quadrant: T1: (32.37±1.36)%; T2: (30.91±1.26)%; T3: (33.78±2.20)%; the numbers of platform-site crossovers: T1: (4.55±0.39); T2: (3.11±0.37); T3: (3.95±0.34)), the percentages of time in target quadrant (T1: (27.20±1.42)%; T2: (28.19±1.04)%; T3: (30.06±1.22)%) and the numbers of platform-site crossovers (T1: (3.11±0.46); T2: (3.30±0.38); T3: ( 3.20±0.39)) in SD+Sev group rats were significantly decreased at T1, T2 and T3 (all P<0.05). Compared with control group, the levels of hippocampal proteins Bmal1, Per2 and Egr1 were significantly reduced at T1 in Sev group (P<0.05). Compared with control group, the level of hippocampal protein Per2 was significantly increased, but the levels of hippocampal proteins Bmal1 and Egr1 were significantly decreased at T1 and T2 in SD group (P<0.01). Compared with Sev group, the levels of hippocampal proteins Bmal1 and Egr1 were significantly reduced at T1, T2 and T3 in SD+Sev group (P<0.01), and the protein level of hippocampal Per2 was significantly decreased at T1, but then increased at T2 and T3 in SD+Sev group (P<0.01). The hippocampal Nissl staining in CA1 at T2 revealed that there were irregular distribution of pyramidal neurons existed in Sev group, and vacuolar degeneration with vague outlines of pyramidal neurons in SD group, while pyramidal neuron atrophy and few number of Nissl bodies, compared with control group, were observed in SD+Sev group. Conclusion Acute sleep deprivation following with sevoflurane anesthesia resulted in hippocampal memory impairment, which was associated with abnormal expression of hippocampal Bmal1, Per2 and Egr1.