Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the outcome of rats with acute lung injury following blunt chest trauma.Method Forty male SD rats weighing 250～300 g were randomly (random number)divided into 5 groups(n=8 each),namely,group C(normal),group D(normal plus dexmedetomidine),group T(trauma),group TD(trauma plus dexmedetomidine),group TDY(trauma plus dexmedetomidine plus yohimbine).Au rats were sacrificed by using exsanguination from arteria femoralis 6 hours later.The TNF-α and IL-1β levels in plasma were examined by using ELISA.Lung wet/dry(W/D)weight and the percentage of neutrophil in leucocytes in bronehoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)of rats were detected.HE staining was performed to observe the injury of lung tissue under microscope.Results There was significant lung injury after blunt chest trauma.The serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β,PMN%and lung wet/dry(W/D)weight were significantly higher in traumatic group(P<0.05,P<0.01).chest trauma,but this protective effect of dexmedetomidine could be blocked by yohimbine,at least in part,via the inhibition of α2-adrenergie receptor.Conclusions Dexmedetomidine has a certain protective effect on acute traumatic acute lung injury in rats.

Objective To compare the changes of serum levels of heme oxygenase‐1(HO‐1) ,C‐reactive protein(CRP) and Chitinase‐3‐1ike protein 1(YKL‐40) in patients with rectal cancer after laparoscopic‐assisted radical operation versus open radical surgery .Methods According the integration and elimination standard ,60 cases of patients with rectal cancer were selected and di‐vided into laparoscopic group (30 cases) and open group (30 cases) ,the concentrations of HO‐1 ,YKL‐40 and CRP in peripheral blood of patients were detected on the first and third postoperative day and preoperative day(P<0 .05) ,and were compared between the two groups .Results The serum levels of HO‐1 ,YKL‐40 and CRP in the laparoscopic group were significantly lower than those in the open group on the first and third postoperative day(P<0 .05) .The serum levels of HO‐1 ,YKL‐40 and CRP were significant‐ly increased after surgery ,and serum levels of HO‐1 and CRP on third postoperative day were significantly increased compared with that on the first postoperative day in the two groups after surgery ,while serum level of YKL‐40 on the third postoperative day was significantly lower than that on the first postoperative day in the two groups after surgery .Conclusion The stress reaction is com‐paratively mild in patients with rectal cancer after laparoscopic assisted radical operation ,and the postoperative period may be shor‐ter in patients treated with laparoscopic assisted radical operation than those treated with open radical surgery .

With the development of technology,automatic management system Controlled by co mputer is necessary in hospitals Building a bank of mycobacterium and their gen ome is a great step to this aim It can make it easier to get the mycobacterium data than before,furthermore,it is helpful for further research for doctors to m ake a new treatment plan for the patients

Objective To investigate the appearance and characteristics of hepatic tuberculosis lesions on low mechanical index contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Methods Eight patients with hepatic tuberculosis lesions were studied with conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Lesions,distribution.size,echogenieity,blood flow,enhancement phase,enhancement patterns and intensity were studied. ResuIts Fifteen lesions were found in eight patients. On conventional ultrasound,mean size of the lesions was(21.7±10.7)mm×(30.3±22.4)mm,and 66.7%(10/15)lesions located under liver capdule,and 33.3%(5/15)were in hepatic parenchyma.All lesions were hypoechoic except the largest one (50 mm x 102 mm)which demonstrated heterogeneous.Doppler signals were not demonstrated in all 15 lesions.After administration of SonoVue,satisfied image data were obtained in 13 lesions for aterial phase,and 15 lesions for portal venous phase and parenchyma phase.84.6%(11/13)of the lesions demonstrated hyperenhancing on aterial phase,mean enhancing start time was(8.6±1.6)s,ranging from 5 s to 10 s.and mean enhancing end time was(25.6±2.8)s,ranging from 20 s to 29 s. Of 13 lesions,6 lesions demonstrated circle periphery hyper-enchanCement,5 lesions demonstrated whole hyper-enchancement,and 2 lesions appeared hypoenhancement on arterial phase. All lesions demonstrated either hypoenhancing or non-enhancement on portal venous phase and parenchyma phase. Conclusions Low mechanical index contrast-enhanced ultrasound can reveal the blood flow status of hepatic tuberculous lesions and will facilitate the diagnosis of hepatic tuberculosis.

The authors observed the development of the organ of Corti in the temporal bones of 64 human fetuses of various fetal ages by means of comparing celloid sections with surface preparations. The organ of Corti just begins to appear in the second month. Most rapid development occurs in the period from the third to the fifth month. Afterwards, the principal structure of the organ of Corti tends to be stable with no further major changes, except for the differentiation and maturation of the intracellular components. In the fifth month, the major part of the higher columnar epithelial cells on the inner Side of the tunnel begins to degenerate and disintegrate before the formation of the inner spiral sulcus. But a few epithelial cells turn into large wandering cells. The authors discussed the characteristics, function and possible transformation of the wandering cells and compared them with essentially similar cells that appear in the developing central nervous system.

Objective: To investigate the effects of low molecular weight heparin(LMWH) on vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) expression of early diabetic nephropathy. Methods: Ninety-five male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control rats, STZ-induced diabetic rats and diabetic rats treated with LMWH. The renal tissues were subjected to immunohistochemical staining after 1,2,4,6,and 8 weeks’ treatment respectively to quantify the VEGF expression. Results: Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated an increasing in VEGF positive cells in diabetic rats. It was found that there were significant differences in VEGF staining intensity between diabetic rats and normal control rats and between LMWH treated rats and untreated diabetic rats after two weeks treatment. Conclusion: The inhibition of VEGF expression may be one of the mechanisms of LMWH’s renal protective effects on early diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To investigate the predictive factors of long-term outcome of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST).Methods The clinical data of 26 patients with CVST were analyzed retrospectively.The clinical outcome was assessed with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 6 months after symptom onset.Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to determine the independent predictors of the long-term poor outcome.Results The mRS scores for 26 patients with CVST:0 to 1 in 19 cases,2 in 2 cases,3 to 5 in 3 cases,and 6 in 2 cases.19.2％ of patients had poor outcome (mRS score,≥3),and the mortality rate was 7.7％.The survivors did not have any recurrence within 6 months.Univariate analysis showed that disturbance of consciousness,papilloedema,cerebral edema,and cerebral deep venous thrombosis were the possible risk factors for poor outcome,while headache was the main clinical manifestation,which was negatively correlated with the poor prognosis.Multivariate regression analysis showed that disturbance of consciousness was an independent predictor of poor outcome in patients with CVST (odds ratio,48.0,95％ confidence interval 2.311 to 997.176,P =0.012).Conclusions The long-term outcome of the patients was better,disturbance of consciousness was an independent predictor of poor outcome at 6 months after the onset.

Objective To evaluate the outcome of patients with low ejection fraction undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods One hundred and twenty-eight consecutive patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤35％,who underwent Off-pump caronary bypass surgery or Cardiopulmonary coronary artery bypass between December 2000 and Novomber 2010 were studied.The outcome of early complication,mortality,LVEF were analyzed.Results LVEF and LVEDD were significantly increased in early postoperation (P ＜ 0.05 ).Use of Intra-aotric balloon counterpulsation(IABP) can decrease early mortality,and postopertive respiratory tract infections,renal insufficiency were found to be the main complications.Conclusions Preoperative low ejection fraction has no relationship with postoperative early mortality.using medicine to adjust heart function,strcity control blood pressure,blood glucose,heart rate preoperation,positive use of IABP postoperativon are key point to decrease early mortality.

Objective To investigate the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHCD) on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by blunt chest trauma and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in the lung tissues in rats.Methods Ninety-six male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 32 each):control group (group C), ALI group and PHCD group. ALI was induced by dropping a 300 g weight onto a precordial protective shield to direct the impact force away from the heart and toward the lungs in anesthetized rats according to the method described by Raghavendran et al. PHCD 2 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally immediately after ALI was induced in group PHCD. Eight rats were selected at 2, 8, 12 and 24 h after ALI was induced, and arterial blood samples were collected for determination of the serum TNF-α concentration. Eight rats were selected at 8 h after ALI was induced, arterial blood samples collected for blood gas analysis and then the rats sacrificed. The lungs were immediately removed for determination of W/D lung weight ratio, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and TLR4 expression, and microscopic examination. Results The pH value and PaO2 were significantly lower, and the PaCO2, lactic acid level, MPO activity, W/D ratio, TLR4 expression and serum TNF-α concentration higher in groups ALI and PHCD than in group C (P ＜ 0.01 ). The pH value and PaO2 were significantly higher, and the PaCO2, lactic acid level, MPO activity, W/D ratio, TLR4 expression and serum TNF-α concentration lower in group PHCD than in group ALI ( P ＜ 0.05). The lung histopathologic damage was significantly ameliorated in PHCD group as compared with ALI group. Conclusion PHCD can protect the lungs against blunt chest trauma-induced ALI, and the down-regulation of TLR4 expression in lung tissues and reduction of inflammatory response are involved in the mechanism.