Quality is the lifeline of graduate education and the tutor team plays an important role in postgraduate training. To control the selection of tutors strictly, to implement the combination of openness and stability in tutor team, and to carry out academic exchanges actively are the keys to construct an excellent tutors staff and to ensure the quality of graduate student training.

Objective: To investigate the compliance of smoking cessation and the effect of smoking status on long-term clinical prognosis in male patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after drug-eluting stent (DES) therapy. Methods: A total of 656 ACS patients after DES therapy were studied, according to the post-operative smoking status, the patients were divided into 3 groups: Non-smoking group,n=226, Quit smoking group,n=283 and Persistent smoking group, n=147. The patients were followed-up for the average of 27 months, the major adverse cardio-/cerebral-vascular events (MACCE) were recorded in detail, and the effect of smoking status for MACCE occurrence were evaluated by multivariable Cox regression analysis. Results: The pre-operative smoking rate was 65.5% (430/656) of patients and post-operative smoking rate was 22.4% (147/656). Compared with Non-smoking group and Quit smoking group, the patients in Persistent smoking group had the younger age (P<0.001), more patients with abnormal blood lipids (P=0.005) and having lower level of education (P<0.001). The all cause death rates in Non-smoking group, Quit smoking group and Persistent smoking group were at 1.8%, 1.1% and 6.1% respectively,P=0.004; the MACCE occurrence rates were at 7.1%, 5.3% and 15.0% respectively,P=0.002. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that post-operative smoking was the independent risk factor for MACCE occurrence, HR =1.404, 95% CI (1.206-1.793),P=0.008. Conclusion: Smoking is the independent risk factor for MACCE occurrence in male ACS patients after DES therapy.

Prodigiosin is an important natural red pigment that is produced as a secondary metabolite by microorganisms, and has great potential applications in the field of pharmaceutical development, environmental management and dye preparation. This paper reviews recent research progress in the production of prodigiosin by microbial fermentation, including discovery and modification of the prodigiosin-producing microorganisms, regulation and optimization of prodigiosin fermentation and extraction process, and resolution of biosynthetic pathway of prodigiosin and related transcriptional regulation. Finally, we discussed the future research directions in microbial production of prodigiosin.

BACKGROUND: Limited data are available on the changes in the quality of care for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during China's health system reform from 2009 to 2020. This study aimed to assess the changes in care processes and outcome for STEMI patients in Henan province of central China between 2011 and 2018. METHODS: We compared the data from the Henan STEMI survey conducted in 2011-2012 ( n = 1548, a cross-sectional study) and the Henan STEMI registry in 2016-2018 ( n = 4748, a multicenter, prospective observational study). Changes in care processes and in-hospital mortality were determined. Process of care measures included reperfusion therapies, aspirin, P2Y12 antagonists, β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, and statins. Therapy use was analyzed among patients who were considered ideal candidates for treatment. RESULTS: STEMI patients in 2016-2018 were younger (median age: 63.1 vs . 63.8 years) with a lower proportion of women (24.4% [1156/4748] vs . 28.2% [437/1548]) than in 2011-2012. The composite use rate for guideline-recommended treatments increased significantly from 2011 to 2018 (60.9% [5424/8901] vs . 82.7% [22,439/27,129], P <0.001). The proportion of patients treated by reperfusion within 12 h increased from 44.1% (546/1237) to 78.4% (2698/3440) ( P <0.001) with a prolonged median onset-to-first medical contact time (from 144 min to 210 min, P <0.001). The use of antiplatelet agents, statins, and β-blockers increased significantly. The risk of in-hospital mortality significantly decreased over time (6.1% [95/1548] vs . 4.2% [198/4748], odds ratio [OR]: 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50-0.88, P = 0.005) after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS Gradual implementation of the guideline-recommended treatments in STEMI patients from 2011 to 2018 has been associated with decreased in-hospital mortality. However, gaps persist between clinical practice and guideline recommendation. Public awareness, reperfusion strategies, and construction of chest pain centers need to be further underscored in central China.
Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy* ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Aspirin/therapeutic use* ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use* ; Hospital Mortality ; Registries ; Treatment Outcome ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention