Objective To survey age of menarehe in Pudong district in Shanghai. Methods Data in this study were derived from 56 924 women at age of 20 -81 years in screening for cervical cancer between January 2007 and July 2008 in Pudong district. The age of menarche were recorded in a questionnaire. To investigate the trends in age at menarehe in different socioeconomic status, the subjects were divided into 12 groups in 5-year birth cohorts. The mean menarche age in each group was analyzed by analysis of variance(ANOVA). The percentage of menarche age at 10- 12 years and more than 18 years was analyzed by χ2 method. Results (1 ) The minimum age of menarcbe recorded is 10 years old, and the maximum is 28 years old, with average age of menarche at 15.7 years. In all groups, the smallest average age of menarcbe is 14. 6 years in 26 - 30 years old age group, while the biggest average age of menarche age is 16. 5 years in ＞ 75 years old group; The difference showed statistical significance (P ＜ 0. 01 ). (2) The percentages for participants with early menarehe age (10 - 12 years old) or late menarehe age (＞ 18-year-old menarche) were 1.82% (1034/56 924 ) and 5.20 % (2959/56 924 ) respectively. However, the maximum percentage for early menarche was recorded in 31 -35 years old group (4. 45% ,197/4431 ), only 0. 84% (10/1191 ) of participants in ＞75 years old group was classified as early menarebe. Meanwhile, the lowest percentage for late menarehe was 0. 38% (17/4431 ) in 31 - 35 years old group, and the highest percentage was 14. 70% (91/619) in ＞ 75 years old group. The changes in the percentages for early menarche or late menarche are significantly associated with age differences (P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion The study suggested that the average of onset age of menarche in Pudong district has declined over the past decades in an age-based way, accompanied with the increase of the percentage for early menarche and the decrease of percentage for late menarehe.

The incidence of papillary thyroid cancer after liver transplantation is relatively low. This article introduces the treatment and prognosis of a case of papillary thyroid cancer after liver transplantation, and discusses the occurrence and development of thyroid cancer after liver transplantation and perioperative management and the prognosis, in order to further enhance the comprehensive management of such patients, extend the survival period and improve the quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of somatization symptoms and its correlation with social support in patients with depressive disorder. Methods: Two hundred and fourteen hospitalized patients with depressive disorder were recruited. Patients were evaluated with Somatic Symptom Inventory (SSI), Perceived Social Support from Family Scale (PSS-Fa), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and the general questionnaire. Results: The average SSI scores of depressive patients was 49.63±15.53, with 26.2% (56/214) of the patients having moderate to severe level of somatic symptoms. The most common moderate to severe somatic symptoms in depressive patients were "feeling fatigued (61.3%, 131/214), weak (49.5%, 106/214), not feeling well (47.7%, 102/214), feeling faint or dizzy (48.6%, 104/214), or constipation (29.9%, 64/214)" . The average SSRS scores of patients was low (33.24±7.16). The SSI scores and its non-painful dimension (39.05±12.14) were significantly negatively correlated with family support (11.03±3.45) (r=-0.150, P=0.03; r=-0.153, P=0.02) .The SSI scores, and its somatization dimension scores (49.63±15.53) and painful dimension scores (10.58±4.18) were negatively correlated with the total scores of social support (33.24±7.16) (r=-0.164, P=0.02; r=-0.183, P=0.01; r=-0.136, P<0.05) and subjective support (19.14±4.81) (r=-0.167, P=0.02; r=-0.163, P=0.02; r=-0.177, P=0.01) . The SSI scores and its non-painful dimension of patients were negatively correlated with support utilization (r=-0.179, P=0.01; r=-0.194, P=0.01) . Conclusion Somatic symptoms are prevalent and severe in patients with depressive disorder. The somatic symptoms of depressive patients was closely correlated with decreased social support, especially low subjective support and support utilization.