Objective To study the influence of volume change of tumor bed on radiotherapy dose volume distribution after breast conserving surgery for early breast cancer.Methods 13 early breast cancer patients received breast-conserving surgery were selected.For all 3 CT scanning in patients with tumors,row delineation of tumor and normal tissue target positioning,the tumor bed after volume as well as the planned radiation dose volume were compared in three times of scans.Results 13 cases of three CT scans of patients with tumor bed volume point to (32.85±9.30)cm3,(24.50±4.71)cm3,(16.48±4.46)cm3,there were statistically significant differences before and after(t=2.888,5.723,4.458,all P<0.05);3 planned radiation dose in patients with volume was stepped down,and the differences were statistically significant (F=20.28,96.32,14.21,16.75,26.29,all P<0.001).Conclusion Earlier the tumor bed following breast surgery volume decreased rapidly,tumor volume change will affect the target area of the bed covers and the exposure of normal tissue dose-volume.

A case of a papillary thyroid carcinoma in a patient with situs inversus with associated bronchiectasis and chronic sinusitis (Kartagener's syndrome) is reported. A 61-year-old male patient has the symptoms of nasal obstruction. nasal purulent discharge and headache for 2 years. Physical examination: right nasal purulent in right nasal cavity and multiple lychee-like opaque mass in right middle meatus. A nodule, one centimeter in diameter, locates in the upper pole of right thyroid. Evidence of full situs inversus viscerum can be confirmmed by chest radiographs and ultrasound doppler. Pathology: right nasal polyps, the right small papillary thyroid cancer. TEM Tip primary ciliary dyskinesia. Clinical diagnosis: Kartagener syndrome, papillary thyroid carcinoma (T1a N0 M0, I period), chronic sinusitis-nasal polyps.
Carcinoma ; complications ; diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Kartagener Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Obstruction ; pathology ; Nasal Polyps ; pathology ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Rhinitis ; pathology ; Sinusitis ; pathology ; Situs Inversus ; pathology ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis

Objective: To investigate the effect of alendronate on serum total alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) in the elderly female patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and explore their correlations.Methods: A retrospective study was performed.Totally 286 elderly female patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis were divided into two groups(according to AKP levels before the treatment of alendronate): the normal AKP group (n=245) and the elevated AKP group (n=41).Raised AKP of all the patients in the elevated AKP group was not associated with hepatobiliary problems.The changes of AKP and BAP levels were analyzed after the treatment of alendronate.The correlations between BAP and AKP levels before and after the treatment of alendronate were analyzed, as well as between the changes in AKP (ΔAKP) and BAP (ΔBAP) levels.Results: AKP and BAP tended to be higher in elderly patients.BAP levels in the normal AKP group were higher than those in the elevated AKP group (P＜0.05).BAP was signicantly correlated with AKP both before and after the treatment (P＜0.05), as well as the correlation between ΔAKP and ΔBAP (P＜0.05).Conclusion: AKP and BAP both tend to increase with age.In elderly female patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and elevated AKP associated with non-hepatobiliary problems, alendronate treatment can lower AKP levels, and the decrease is strongly correlated with the decrease in BAP.

The effects of vitamin A on wound healing and thymus weight were studied in postoperative rats. Serum vitamin A level was significantly lowered in rats (group I) received vitamin A 6?g ? 100g bw-1?d-1. per os as.compared to the uninjured control received the same dose of vitamin A. The thymus in group I was significantly atrophic than the control. In rats received vitamin A 25?g?100g bw-1?d-1 (group Ⅱ), serum vitamin A level was kept normal and the thymus was unchanged. The histological change of the skin during wound healing nearly approached normal, and the tensile strength of the healed wound was markedly greater than in group Ⅰ. In rats received vitamin A 50?g?100g bw-1?d-1 (group Ⅲ), the effect on wound healing and the thymus was not better than group Ⅱ. A suitable dosage of vitamin A in wound healing was about 25?g?100g bw-1?d-1, i.e. 4 times the normal allowances of the rat.

BACKGROUND: It is the most effective and economical method to reduce the incidence of stroke by conducting the health education concerning the etiological factors or risk factors and therapeutic knowledge of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia among the public and improving their knowledge level about the prevention and treatment of stroke.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cognition of the knowledge concerning the prevention and treatment of stroke among the public in Dongguan area.DESIGN: A cluster sampling and simple randomized sampling survey.SETTINGS: Department of Neurology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and the Department of Neurology, Affiliated Tungwah Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.PARTICIPANTS: Between March and June in 2001, totally 2 500 cases were randomly selected by means of cluster sampling combined with simple randomized sampling from the residents and migrant populations no younger than 17 years old in the government organization, enterprises, factories of various forms, Dongguan University of Technology and senior middle schools of urban and rural Dongguan city and the administrative villages of the rural areas of Dongguan city in Guangdong province before March 2003.METHODS: The inventory was modified according to relevant literatures,including demographic data, general knowledge of stroke, and knowledge about the prevention, identification and treatment of stroke, and the pathway to obtain knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke.Each item for the knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke was marked as 1-4.5 points, and the total score was 60. There was no mark for the pathway to obtain knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke. One unit was investigated each time, and 300-600 questionnaires were sent out, 500 questionnaires were randomly handed out to the healthy physical examinees in the Tungwah Hospital.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The correct rate of answers to the questionnaire, the total score of each kind of knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke, the total score of each kind of knowledge in the subgroups, and the pathways to obtain knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke were mainly observed.RESULTS: Totally 2 320 complete and effective questionnaires were collected back. ① The average correct rate of answers to all the questions was 49.80%, and those of knowledges about identification and treatment were lower, the total score was ＜ 60% in 48.20% of the subjects. ② The level for each knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke was lower in males than in females (P ＜ 0.05), but higher in the middle-age and old groups than in the young group (P＜0.05), and it was decreased from various civil servants, free agents, workers, farmers and students in order (P＜0.05), and there was significant difference between students and free agents (P＜0.01); it was also decreased in order from higher educational level to middle and lower ones in order (P＜0.05); it was also higher in the subjects with stroke history than in those without (P ＜ 0.05). ③) After the subjects were subdivided according to gender, age, profession and educational level, the pathways to obtain knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke in order were reading newspapers and magazines,watching TV, reading handbooks about science popularization, influence from relatives and friends, promotion and education of medical staff, and the last one was the least in all the groups.CONCLUSION: The level for the knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke was lower among the public in Dongguan area during the investigation, especially the knowledges about identification and treatment, so proper measures should be adopted to further develop education on the knowledge about the prevention and treatment of stroke.

Forty-two male rats were fed with normal vitamin E( VE)requirement diet, i.e. 0.2mg?100gbw?-1d-1 for one week and then thirty-five rats were induced a 3rd degree burn of 20% BSA, another 7 uninjured rats served as normal contrsol. The burned rats were divided into 5 subgroups receiving VE at the dosage of 0.2, 1, 2, 5,10mg. 100gbw-1?d-1 respectively for 14 days. The re-ults showed that the serum and liver VE contents were lower and the serum LPO higher significantly in the burned rats as compared with the normal control,it wao also found that thymus was atrophic, the thymic cortex become thinner thymocytes constricted, and the splenic corpuscles decreased, the sperm and spermatocytes were markedly decreased with testis atrophy. Whet burned rats were fed VE, as the dosage increased to 2mg?100gbw-1?d-1, the serum and liver VE levels significantly raised and the serum LPO returned to control level. The histological changes of thymus, spleen and testes were nearly similar to the normal control rats.

Aliphatic amines in infant food packaging materials were extracted and concentrated by 0 . 5 mL of acidified methanol using gas purge microsyringe extraction ( GP-MSE ) . Pre-column fluorescence labeling of amines was achieved in mild conditions with 10-ethyl-acridine-2-sulfonyl chloride ( EASC ) as labeling reagent. The derivatization was carried out at 60℃ and pH 10. The derivatives were successfully separated on a Hypersil GOLD column with excitation and emission wavelengths of 262 and 430 nm, respectively. The detection limits were in the range of 0. 4-0. 6 μg/kg, and the quantitation limits were in the range of 1. 2-2. 1 μg/kg. All analytes were in good linearity in the concentration range of 2. 0-2000 μg/L with correlation coefficients of higher than 0. 998. The developed method was characterized by celerity, accuracy and high sensitivity. It was successfully applied to the determination of aliphatic amines in infant food packaging materials.

Objective:To explore the protective effect of Wuzhi capsules on vancomycin-induced kidney injury in rats and investi-gate the action mechanism. Methods:Totally 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into the blank control group,the model control group and the model test group with 8 ones in each. The rats in the model control group and the model test group were intravenously in-jected vancomycin via tail veil,200 mg·kg-1per day for 10 consecutive days,while those in the blank control group were injected sa-line at the same volume. Meanwhile,the rats were orally administered Wuzhi solution(0.25 g·kg-1) in the model test group and sa-line at the same volume in the blank control group and the model control group. The levels of 24-h microalbuminuria(MALB),neutro-phil gelatinase associated lipocalin(NGAL) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) in urine were determined,and those of cystatin C (Cys C),serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) in serum and those of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialde-hyde(MDA) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) in renal tissues were also determined. Results:The levels of the renal index,Cys C,Scr,BUN,MALB,NGAL,KIM-1 and MDA in the model control group and the model test group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group,and those in the model control group were significantly higher than those in the model test group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The levels of SOD and GSH-Px in the model control group and the model test group were significantly lower than those in the blank control group,and those in the model control group were significantly lower than those in the model test group(P<0.05). Conclusion:Wuzhi capsules can effectively relieve vancomycin-induced renal injury in rats probably by inhibiting the oxida-tive reaction.

Objective To compare the lung volume before and after the operation for the treatment of chronic empyema with CT 3-dimensional imaging,and to evaluate its role in the assessment of pulmonary function. Methods A total of 78 patients with chronic empyema from 2000 to 2016 in our hospital were enrolled in this study.The patients were divided into two groups according to the operational styles,with 47 cases in the decortication group and 31 cases in the catheter drainage group respectively.Reformation of the chest CT data was used to determine the lung volumes and the routine pulmonary function tests(PFT)were performed before and after the operation. The lung volumes and the PFT results before and after the operation were compared between the two groups with t test. Then multiple linear regression analysis was applied to test the relationship between the lung volumes and the values of PFT after the operation. Results The mean lung volume of catheter drainage group was(1 548±467)cm3,while it was(1 418±802) cm3for the decortication group preoperatively(t=1.665,P=0.07).After the operation,the mean lung volume of decortication group was(2 677±815)cm3,while it was(2 169±185)cm3for the catheter drainage group. There was statistically significant difference for the increase of lung volume between the two groups after operation(t=2.371,P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups before the operation for the values of the PFT(t=1.467 to 1.874,P>0.05). After the operation, the values of the PFT in the decortication group were higher than those in the catheter drainage group(t=1.990 to 2.799, P<0.05). The changes of postoperative lung volume were positively correlated with the values of the PFT(β=0.312 to 0.701,P<0.05). Conclusions Decortication has a better effect on the lung volume and the pulmonary function for patients suffered from chronic empyema. CT modeling (3-dimensional-imaging) is an effective method for evaluating the pulmonary function of postoperative lung according to the lung volume measurement.