Objective To study the clinical and pathological characteristics, treatment results and prognosis of primary parotid non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Methods All of our 21 patients received operative resection first and were histologically comfirmed as having T-cell (intermediate grade) and 20 B-cell lineage (2 high grade, 6 intermediate grade ,12 low grade) including 7 mucosa-associatied lymphoid tissue (MALT) phenotype. Ann Anbor stages were 16 stage Ⅰ E and 5 stage Ⅱ E lesions. All patients were treated by radiotherapy,of them 11 were also given 2～6 cycle chemotherapy. Results The overall 5-year survival rate was 77.0%. All 5 patients who died did so of distant involvement. Conclusions Our data show that MALT lymphoma can be present as a primary paroid NHL,although it is not included in the Working Formulation. Low-dose radiotherapy is of choice in the treatment. Patients with intermediate or high grade NHL should be given multi-modality therapy.

BACKGROUND: Free radicals are produced during ischemia, which can strengthen activity of lipid peroxidation; induce lesion of cell and cellular barrier, result in necrosis or apoptosis of neurons; and aggravate edema of ischemic cerebral tissue.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of polydatin (PD) on free radicals, lipid peroxidation, water contents and pathological morphology of brain tissue in rats with focal cerebral ischemia so as to explore its protective mechanisms.DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Intensive Care Unit, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Chongqing University of Medical Sciences.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out at the Pediatrics Medicine Institute of Chongqing Medical University from October 2001 to July 2002.Totally 48 healthy adult male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups randomly,with 16 in each group. Group Ⅰ was sham-operated group: rats were anaesthetized, the right common carotid arteries were separated instead of being occluded. Group Ⅱ was ischemia group: to establish the right middle cerebral artery occlusion model of rats. Group Ⅲ was PD pretreatment group: polydatin (6 g/L, 12 mg/kg) were intravenously administrated 30 minutes before the onset of ischemia. Saline substituted for PD, besides, were intravenously administrated with the same way and dosage on Group Ⅰ, Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ.The rats were decapitated and the brains were immediately removed after cerebral ischemia 2 hours. In each group, 8 rats were chosen to be determined water contents of brain tissue, the other 8 rats were chosen to be determined levels of lipid peroxidation and free radicals in brain tissue.METHODS: According to the formula which was: wet weight-dry weight/wet weight×100%, water content of cerebral tissue was assayed. Superior liquid was taken to assay MDA with spectrophotometer thiobarbituric acid method (TBA) method, SOD activity assayed by xanthiue oxidase enzyme method, the activities of GSH-Px, CAT and NOS determined by colorimetry,the amount of protein determined by the method of Lowry. All the procedures were carried out strictly according to the instruction.malonaldehyde (MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and nitric oxide synthase chemia, contents of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT in cerebral tissue of PD group were obviously higher than those of ichemia model group [(226.43±8.69),(193.37±11.14) NU/mg; (244.38±12.34), (211.71±16.50) μkat/g; (59.85±9.67),water in cerebral tissue of PD group were obviously lower than those of ichemia model group [(6.38±0.54), (8.63±0.78) μmol/g; (78.72±0.43)%,tivity in ischemic tissue but the results were similar to that in ischemia model group [(12.00±1.00), (12.84±1.17) μkat/g, P ＞ 0.05] in brain tissue.ed that PD alleviated the ischemia edema of cerebral ischemia.CONCLUSION: PD can alleviate the reaction of lipid overoxidation, improve the activities of antioxidant-enxymes, reduce ischemia brain edema,protect the function of cell member, bring down the damage to ischemia neurons. It shows that PD has significant cerebral protective role on focal ischemia brain damage.

BACKGROUND: Activated by Ca2+, phospholipase A2 will aggravate the influx of Ca2+ or the release of intracellular Ca2+, and then forms a vicious circle, which results in a continuous increase in free calcium level and leads to server injury in neural cells.OBJECTIVE: To discuss the protective effects of nimodipine on acute ischemic brain injury caused by activation of phospholipase A2.DESIGN: A completely randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University.MATERIALS: From January 2001 to October 2003, it was completed at the ICU of Children' s Hospital, Chongqing Medical University. Thirty male rats were selected and divided into sham operation group, ischemia group and nimodipine treated group randomly, with 10 rats in each group.METHODS: In sham operation group, the right common carotid artery was identified by blunt dissection without ligation under anesthesia in rats. In ischemia group, at 30 minutes before cerebral ischemia, 2 mL saline was injected intraperitoneally. In nimodipine treated group, at 30 minutes before cerebral ischemia, 0.2 g/L nimodipine (2 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally. In all the three groups, the duration between ischemia and decollation was 120 minutes. Rats were decollated under anesthesia and their brains were taken out to assess the activity of phospholipase A2, the free calcium level in brain cells, the brain water content and the changes in mRNA levels of type Ⅱ phospholipase A2 (secretive phospholipase A2) and type Ⅳ phospholipase A2 (cytoplasmic phospholipase A2) in brain tissue.pholipase A2) and type Ⅱ phospholipase A2 (cytoplasmic phospholipase A2)in brain tissue were measured in rats in all the groups.pholipsse A2 in brain tissue: In ischemia group and nimodipine treated group, the activity of phospholipase A2 were higher than that in sham operation group [(57.8 ±7.2),(42.5±6.1), (17.1±5.3)%, P＜ 0.05-0.01], and it was a litter lower in nimodipine brain cells: It was higher in nimodipine treated group and ischemia group than that in sham operation group [(775.8±105.5), (497.2±45.9), (103.8±10.3) μmol/L,P ＜ 0.05-0.01], and it was lower in nimodipine group than in ischemia group (P ＜ 0.01).that in sham operation group [(82.9±0.5), (80.0±1.1), (72.1±0.01)%, P ＜ 0.05-0.01], and it was lower in nimodipine treated group than that in ischemia group (Ppase A2 could be detected in brain tissue. And the mRNA level of type Ⅱ phospholipase A2 in brain tissue was very low. At 120 minutes after ischemia, mRNA of type Ⅱ phospholipase A2 was detectable and the expression of type Ⅱ phospholipase A2 was increased. Compared to ischemia group, the expression of type Ⅱ phospholipase A2 was not decreased in nimodipine treated group while the expression of type Ⅱ phospholipase A2 was decreased.CONCLUSION: Nimodipine is capable of decreasing the free calcium level in brain cells, the activity of phospholipase A2 in brain tissue and the brain water content after ischemia. However, it cannot significantly inhibit the expressions of type Ⅱ phospholipase A2 and type Ⅱ phospholipase A2 after cerebral ischemia.

Objective To compare and analyze the clinical efficacy of locking plates versus artificial joint replacement for proximal humeral complicated fractures.Methods The retrospective data of 200 cases with locking plate or artificial joint replacement for the treatment of comminuted proximal humeral fractures were collected from February 2013 to July in our hospital.Patients were divided into locking plate group (n =114) and artificial joint replacement group (n =86) according to the treatment.The pain,functional recovery,activity,anatomical position,complications and Neer score after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results In artificial joint replacement group,Neer score was excellent in 34 cases,good in 23 cases,fair in 25 cases,poor in 4 cases,and the excellent and good rate was 66.3％ (57/86).In locking plate group,Neer score was excellent in 53 cases,good in 47 cases,fair in 10 cases,poor in 4 cases,and the excellent and good rate was 87.7％ (100/114).The excellent and good rate was higher in locking plate group than in artificial joint replacement group (x2 =13.35,P＜0.001).The scores of pain,functional recovery,activity and anatomical position were (26.9 ± 8.5),(22.4 ± 7.1),(19.8 ± 5.5) and (8.0 ± 1.8) respectively in locking plate group,and (24.8±10.2),(20.2±6.7),(18.1±6.6) and (7.9±2.1) respectively in artificial joint replacement group.There were significant differences in scores of functional recovery and activity between groups (t＝ 2.22 and 1.99,P =0.014 and 0.024),while no significant differences were found in scores of pain and anatomical position (t=1.59 and 0.36,P＝0.057 and 0.359).There were 2 cases with ankylosis,1 case with malunion and 1 case with humeral head necrosis in locking plate group,and 1 case with ankylosis,1 case with wound infection,1 case with refracture and 1 case with humeral head necrosis in artificial joint replacement group after treatment.There were no significant differences in complications between groups (x2 =0.17,P=0.683).Conclusions The locking plate and artificial joint replacement are effective in the treatment of comminuted proximal humeral fractures.Compared with artificial joint replacement,the locking plate can improve the functional recovery,activity and Neer score evaluation with a low technical requirement,which is an ideal method for comminuted proximal humeral fractures.

Objective To study the effect of microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay (MODS)for testing Mycobacteri-um tuberculosis in sputum ,and to evaluate its clinical value .Methods A total of 150 sputum samples were collected from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis ,and Mycobacterium tuberculosis were detected by Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) method and MODS ,and compared the results of the two methods .Results The concordance rates of the test results of sputum sample between MODS and L-J was 77 .8% .The sensitivity and specificity of MODS were 93 .3% and 70 .0% ,positive predictive value (PPV ) was 60 .8% , negative predictive value (NPV) was 95 .4% ,as well as accuracy by MODS was 77 .8% .Conclusion MODS assay could be used as a rapid tuberculosis detection method ,with rapid ,sensitive ,simple ,and other advantages .

China ; Critical Care ; trends ; Pediatrics ; trends

Objective To obtain DNA oligonucleotide aptamers which can specifically bind to MPT64 protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis by SELEX(systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment)technology. Methods A random ssDNA library with in vitro synthesized 78 nucleotides in length was subiected to 12 rounds of selection by SELEX method against MPT64 protein. The binding ability of the aptamers to the protein was examined by biotin-streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase system. Results The selective system used was as follows:in PCR amplification,annealing temperature was 65℃ and the concentration of Mg2+ was 1.5 mmol/L in optimizing library, and when preparation of ssDNA with asymmetrical PCR amplification, 0.75 mmol/L of Mg2+ was used. When using the plate for ELISA as the substrate for the selection, the pattern of electrophoretic band of PCR product after the tenth round selection became unitary and denser than that of the first round. The binding assay demonstrated that A value at 450 nm of the tenth round increased by 9.18 times as compared with that of the first round. The results showed that the affinities of the aptamers were different. The highest A value at 450 nm was 1.606, and the lowest 0.572. Conclusion A set of aptamers with considerable binding affinity to MPT64 protein are successfully picked out from the initial random DNA library.

Using cDNA from Rehmannia glutinosa leaf as template, a 972 bp fragment of expansin gene which containing a 762 bp ORF that encoded 253 amino acids, was cloned, named RgEXPA10, which GenBank accession number for this gene is KF011918. A 1 207 bp genomic sequence of RgEXPA10 was amplified by PCR with leaf DNA as template, sequencing analysis revealed that three exons and two introns in RgEXPA10 genomic sequence, and which GenBank accession number is KF011919. Molecular and bioinformatic analyses indicated that RgEXPA10 protein have DPBB_1 and Pollen_allerg_1 domain, also including a 26 aa nuclear localization signal and a 19 aa transmembrane region. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that RgEXPA10 showed the highest homology with AtEXPA8 among the 26 α-expansins in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the RgEXPA10 indicated the highest homology with the expansin from Solanum lycopersicum among 22 plant species. Expression patterns using qRT-PCR analysis showed that RgEXPA10 mainly expressed in unfolded leaf, followed by the tuberous root at stage of expanding period, and rarely expressed in senescing leaf. And RgEXPA10 showed higher expression level in tuberous root at 60 and 90 days after emergence. The transcription level of RgEXPA10 significantly reduced under all the three stresses including continuous cropping conditions, salinity and waterlogging. This study will lay foundations for molecular function in development and regulation of different stresses for R. glutinosa.

BACKGROUND:Biliary stricture following liver transplantation is mainly focus on biliary stoma stricture; while, balloon dilatation temporarily keeps biliary tract open but not works out a solution at all.OBJECTIVE: To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of postoperative biliary stricture after orthotopie liver transplantation by the endoscope technique.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A case analysis, which was performed at Dalian Liver and Gall Surgical Institute. Ten patients hospitalized from the Department of Liver and Gall Surgery of Dalian Friendship Hospital and four patients hospitalized from the Department of Organ Transplantation of Tianjin First Central Hospital were diagnosed as biliary stricture after orthotopic liver transplantation.PARTICIPANTS: Among 14 patients, 10 males and 4 females with mean age of 46 years provided end-to-end biliary anastomose.METHODS: Fourteen cases of postoperative biliary stricture after orthotopic liver transplantation were analyzed and diagnosed by endoscope technique. And by endoscope technique, the stricture was supported with tube after balloon dilatation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Bile duct mucous membrane under T-tube radiography and endoscope; calculary distribution and bile duct mucous membrane at stoma; healing of biliary stoma of donors and recipients; inflammatory edema and stricture; recheck of above-mentioned parameters after stricture expansion by endoscopic stone extraction technique.RESULTS: Thirteen cases of postoperative biliary stricture after orthotopic liver transplantation were analyzed and diagnosed by endoscope technique, including one was induced by calculus, and one non-stoma stricture. One case was treated with balloon dilation; biliary infection and jaundice occurred in 2 cases after endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) + basket lithotripsy + endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD), so operations or fibrocholedochoscope treatments had to be carried out. By T tube radiography, in 1 case there was strip-like negative simulacrum or no stricture, well-healed anastomosis and good mucous membranel transition; poor or no intrahepatic visualization were found in 2 cases, so anastomosis dilation was processed after the calculi removal by fibrocholedochoscope, stricture disappeared in 3 or 4 months; in 8 cases there were blur extrahepatic or intrahepatic biliary visualization, cord-like, column or branch-like negative simulacrum in biliary ducts and sign of non-anastomosis stricture, after removal of calculi, anastomosis stricture and congestion, edema were found, all these disappeared after average 2.5 months of dilation; the other 1 case was found stricture by T the radiography, but no calculi was found with fibrocholedochoscope, finally the Ttube was removed after 2 months of stricture dilation.CONCLUSION: Endoscopy is significant to directly reflect and reliably diagnose postoperative biliary stricture and effectively treat biliary stricture by anastomosis dilation.

Objective To study the relationship of two variants( -871A/G and -336A/G) polymorphisms of the DC-SIGN gene with the susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis in Chinese population.Methods Two hundred and thirty-seven tuberculosis cases and 244 controls were genotyped by pyrosequencing in this case-control study. The analysis of the relationship of the -871A/G and -336A/G polymorphisms with their susceptibility of pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) and the relationship of the two variants with their clinical correlation of tuberculosis was performed by chi-square test. Results The genotypic frequencies of A/G + G/G and A/A of - 871, 37.6%, 62.4% respectively in cases, and 43.4%, 56. 6%respectively in controls, had no significant difference in statistics. And the genotypic frequencies of A/G + G/G and A/A of -336, 12. 2% ,87.8% respectively in cases, and 14.3% ,85.7% respectively in controls, had also no statistical difference between two groups. Interestingly, a significant association is disclosed between the promoter variant - 336G allele and fever in patients ( P = 0. 037, OR = 0. 191, 95 % CI:0. 040-0. 907 ). Conclusion The single nucleotide polymorphism of -871A/G and -336A/G in DCSIGN gene promoter might not be associated with the susceptibility to tuberculosis in Chinese. Tuberculosis patients with -336G allele are significantly protected fever.