Thyroid autoantibodies (TAA) in euthyroid women were associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes,such as miscarriage,preterm birth.Maternal TAA frequently results in transient mild elevation of serum TSH above the normal reference value in women during pregnancy and in infants born in the first month of life,and may affect neuropsychological development of their offspring.The cause is still unclear.Medical interventions on TAA involve levothyroxine or selenium supplementation. The article reviews the effects of maternal thyroid autoantibodies on pregnancy outcomes,as well as on neonatal thyroid status,and neuropsychological development of the fetus and neonate,and summarizes therapeutic strategies used to intervene maternal thyroid autoimmunity.

Objective To construct a kind of novel electrochemical glucose biosensor for clinical detection.Methods Multiwall carbon tube(MWCNTs),NanoAu and glucose oxidase(GOD) were immobilized on the Au electrode by monolayer self-assemble.Cyclic voltammetry and linear scan voltammetry were used to investigate the assembling process and the chemical characteristics of the glucose biosensor.Results The linearity of glucose in the range of 10～1 400 mg/L with the correlation coefficient of R2=0.990 9 was obtained by linear scan voltammetry and the detection limited reached 0.000 1 mg/L.The four criterion samples were measured with 3 different biosensors in same conditions and the RSD

OBJECTIVE To establish secretory otitis media(SOM) model induced by endotoxin and evaluate its reliability. METHODS Healthy 50 Sprague-Dawley rats of either sex( 250-300g)were randomly divided into experimental group(ET group) and control group(NS group),with 30 and 20 rats respectively. 35ul volume of 1mg/ml endotoxin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and same amount of saline(NS) were transbullaly injected into the right tympanic bullas of the two groups. Six rats of ET group and four rats of NS group were killed postoperative on 6h,1d,3d,7d,14d respectively. The temporal bones were harvested for histological study. The left tympanic bullas served as control. Another four rats(each group 2 rats) were used for SEM study with the same method. One rat was killed and harvested for SEM observation of mucocilliary transporting system on the tympanic ostium of Eustachian tube. RESULTS ①LM(light microscope):The epithelial layer and subepithelial space(SES) were thicked mildly in ET group at 6 hours,and more heavily at 1 day with inflammatory cells infiltration (mostly polymorphonuclear leukocytes,PMNs). At 3 days,the same changes were observed most severely. By 14 days,the mucosal lining returned to normal. No obvious changes were observed in the NS group. ②SEM(scan electrical microscope):In ET group,the impairment of mucociliary transport system such as lodging,shedding of cilias were observed at 3 days and returned to normal at 14 days. No abnormal changes were observed in NS group. CONCLUSION Endotoxin can induce SOM with inflammatory changes peak at day 3 and return to normal by day 14.

A total of 3 431 subjects aged 18 years or over from Liaoning province were involved in this study.The prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MS) was 19.50%,being 19.79% in men and 18.44% in women, according to the standard of Chinese Diabetes Society in 2004.Villages had the highest prevalence of MS in women,while cities had the lowest;towns had the highest prevalence of MS in men,while villages had the lowest.The prevalence of MS was increased with both aging and income.The peak of MS is turning to the developing district.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of maternal rat with marginal iodine deficiency on the nerve and intelligence development in its offspring and the related mechanisms.MethodsThe rat model of marginal iodine deficiency was established on the basis of epidemiological characteristics and iodine metabolism characteristics of rats reported in literatures.Marginal iodine deficiency rats were given 3 μg iodine a day ; normal control rats were given 4 μg iodine daily ; iodine deficiency rats were given 1.2 μg iodine daily,respectively.Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of brain derived neurophic factor (BDNF) and early growth response factor 1 ( EGR1 ) in the hippocampus of 7 days newborn rats.Immunohistochemistry was used to measure c-jun and c-fos expressions in the hippocampal CA1 region of 40 days rats.Water maze method was used to measure the ability of learning and spatial memory.Results FT4 level in rats of marginal iodine deficiency group during pregnancy decreased by about 30％.Seven days after birth,the contents of EGR1 and BDNF proteins in the hippocampus of the offspring from marginal iodine deficiency group were significantly decreased compared with normal control group (both P ＜ 0.05 ).Forty-day-old newborn rats in marginal iodine deficiency group also showed significantly decreased c-jun and c-fos expressions in the hippocampal CA1 region ( both P＜0.05 ),along with a decreased trend of spatial learning and memory ability.Conclusions FT4 level will significantly decrease after pregnancy if rats have marginal iodine deficiency,affecting the expression of related proteins in the brain of newborn rats and having a negative impact on offspring brain development.

Objective To investigate the sodium and potassium disturbances in 9870 elderly inpatients and to analyze their risk factors.Methods Clinical data of sodium and potassium levels and the possible risk factors were collected in the elderly inpatients from a single center.The incidence of sodium and potassium disturbances and their risk factors were analyzed by multiple Logistic regression,and the correction of the imbalance was investigated.Results A total of 6027(61.6％)times of sodium and potassium disturbances were found in the 9870 elderly inpatients on admission and during hospitalization,and the total incidence of this disturbances was 61.6％.The incidences of hyponatremia,hypokalemia,hypernatremia and hyperkalemia were 27.9％ (2729/6027),9.7％ (951/6027),15.4％(1506/6027) and 8.6％ (841/6027),respectively.Heart failure was the common risk factor for the two electrolyte disturbances.T2DM caused hyponatremia,hypokalemia and hypernatremia.Among the medication risk factors,diuretics were the common risk factor for various electrolyte disturbances.Patients taking antiepileptics,antidementia drugs,antidepressants and benzodiazepines were more likely to have hyponatremia.The correction rate of mild,moderate and severe hyponatremia/ hypokalemia were 79.2％(1253/1582),68.1％ (535/786),45.1％ (163/361) and 79.5％(776/976),66.4％(217/327),40.1％(81/203),respectively.The time for the correction of the above degrees of hyponatremia/ hypokalemia were(3.7±2.7) d,(4.1±2.3) d,(8.9±1.6) d and(2.5± 1.4) d,(3.2 ± 1.5) d,(6.1 ± 1.2) d.The supplement amounts of sodium chloride and potassium chloride were(5.98±3.67) g,(9.45±3.02) g,(10.26±1.32) g and(2.23±0.93) g,(5.12± 1.53) g,(8.07 ± 2.46) g,respectively.Conclusions The incidences of electrolyte disturbances are high in elderly inpatients with combined diseases and application of various drugs,and the correction of disturbances is difficult.More attention should be paid to the electrolyte disturbances,which should be corrected positively.

Objective To evaluate the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride on synthesis and release of high mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) in macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice.Methods RAW264.7 cells obtained from mice were seeded in the culture dishes.After being cultured for 24 h,the cells were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =6 each) using a random number table.The cells were incubated routinely in group C.The cells were incubated in the presence of LPS 500 ng/ml (group LPS),LPS 500 ng/ml + penehyclidine hydrochloride 0.5 μg/ml (group P1),LPS 500 ng/ml + penehyclidine hydrochloride 2 μg/ml (group P2),or LPS 500 ng/ml + penehyclidine hydrochloride 5 μg/ml (group P3).All the cells were incubated for 24 h.The cells and supernatant were collected.The proliferation of the cells was measured by CCK-8 assay,HMGB1 mRNA expression in the cells was detected by RT-PCR,NF-κBp65 protein expression in the cells was detected by Western blot and the concentration of HMGB1 in the supernatant was detected by ELISA.Results Compared with group C,the expression of HMGB1 mRNA and NF-κBp65 protein in the cells was significantly upregulated,and the concentration of HMGB1 in the supernatant was increased in LPS,P1,P2 and P3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group LPS,the expression of HMGB1 mRNA and NF-κBp65 protein in the cells was significantly down-regulated,and the concentration of HMGB1 in the supernatant was decreased in P2 and P3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group P1,the expression of HMGB1 mRNA and NF-κBp65 protein in the cells was significantly down-regulated,and the concentration of HMGB1 in the supernatant was decreased in P2 and P3 groups (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the indicators mentioned above between group P2 and group P3 (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the proliferation of the cells among the 5 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Penehyclidine hydrochloride can reduce the synthesis and release of HMGB1 in macrophages induced by LPS through inhibiting NF-κB activation in mice.

OBJECTIVE To develop an explant outgrowth culture system for airway ciliated cells and explore the usefulness of the system.METHODS Mucosal specimens from rabbit tracheal epithelium were seeded into collagen-coated cover-slips. After 7 days,the specimens were characterized by Photo- contrast microscopy,transmission and Scanning electron microscope. They were also examined with hematoxylin-eosin staining and mucin-5AC immunohistochemistry. Ciliary beat frequency was measured with high-speed digital microscopy. RESULTS Many ciliated cells with good viability and goblet cells were found in the culture system. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that mucin- 5AC antibody labeled mainly in the goblet cells.The ciliated cells were differentiated well detected by electron microscope. At (30?1)℃,the basal ciliary beat frequency was (13.2?0.9) Hz. CONCLUSION The method may be useful in establishing a culture system for ciliated cells and the system will be suitable for the long-term studies of mucociliary transport system.

AIM: To set up a method for determining ferulic acid and gastrodine in Dachuanxiong Hydrochloride for Injection(Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Rhizoma Gastrodiae). METHODS: HPLC conditions consisted of ODS column, methanol-water-acetic acid (30 ∶68 ∶2) and water-acetic acid (100 ∶1) as mobile phases, detection wavelengths were at 320 nm and 270 nm. RESULTS: For ferulic acid, the linear range was within 0.031 6 - 0.505 6 ?g and the average recovery was 98.43% with RSD= 1.52% . For gastrodine, the linear range was within 0.442 - 3.536 ?g and the average recovery was 98.15% with RSD= 1.68% . CONCLUSION: The method proves to be simple, precise and reproduciable and is suitable for the use of quantitative control of Dachuanxiong Hydrochloride for Injection.

Objective To evaluate the effects of the human recombinant parathyroid hormone [rhPTH (1 -34)] on the initial adhesion of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts cultured on titanium surfaces of sand-blasted large grift acid-etched (SLA). Methods The optimal concentration of the rhPTH(1-34) action was determined by the CCK8 method. Then the MC3T3-E1 cells were divided into experimental groups treated with the optimal concentration of the rhPTH(1-34) medium and control groups treated with blank medium, and inoculated on SLA-treated titanium plates. DAPI immunocytochemistxy, scanning electron microscopy, and RT-PCR were used to count the cell adhesion of MC3T3-E1 cells on the surface of titanium plates. Morphological changes were observed and the expression of the integrin α1, α5, β1 mRNA in MC3T3-E1 cells was determined. Results Compared with the control group, the adherence of osteoblasts was more than that of the control group. The remodeling of actin filaments, the change of cell morphology, and the speed of adhesion and extension on the titanium plate were faster than that of the control group. The expression of the osteoblast integrin subunit α1, α5 and (31 was higher than that of the control group. Conclusion rhPTH (1-34) can promote the adhesion of MC3T3-E1 cells on pure titanium surface.