The antigen location of Schistosoma japonicum, Clonorchis sinensis and Paragonimus westermani were studied by using immunogold-silver staining(IGSS) and indirect fluorescent antibody test(IFAT). The results showed that the specific antigen of S.japoniaum was located in its gut wall and tegument, and those of Clonorchis sinensis and Paragonimus westermani in their gut wall. The specific antigen component in seminal vesicle of Clonorhis sinensis is also observed with IGSS. There is specific antigen in tte tegument of Paragonimus westermani too.

In 1958. Kala-azar was basically eliminated in Jiangsu province. Because vigorous control measures were taken afterwords, only 11 Kala-azar patients were detected during 1973-1985. For general evaluation of control measures of Kala-azar, an overall survey on a relatively large scale was conducted in 1991-1992 in 56 townships located in 14 counties of 4 prefectures and cities. The results showed that neither new Kala-azar patient was detected nor infectious sandfly was found, the immune status of population was similar to those in which Kala-azar has been eliminated. We consider the control measures of Kala-azar in Jiangsu province is more consolidated than ever and the province has now tured to be a non-endemic area.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect and possible adverse effects of tribendimidine enteric coated tablets in the treatment of infections due to hookworms, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Enterobius vermicularis. Methods According to the standard clinical trial design and protocol, pearsons infected with hookworms, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, or Enterobius vermicularis respectively, were treated with tribendimidine enteric coated tablets in four counties of Guangdong and Jiangsu Provinces, albendazole was used as control. Results For hookworm infection, the curative rate (eggs negative in the faeces) were 89^5%(85/95) and 70^6%(60/85) with tribendimidine (400 mg) and albendazole(400 mg) respectively; for Ascaris infection, 97^4%(114/117) and 98^9%(91/92) with tribendimidine(300 mg) and albendazole(400 mg) respectively; for Trichuris infection,33^3%(25/75) and 56^1%(23/41) with tribendimidine(400 mg/day for 3 days) and albendazole(400 mg/day for 3 days) respectively; for Enterobius infection in children, 74^1%(60/81) and 93^0%(40/43) with tribendimidine(200 mg) and albendazole(200 mg) respectively. No considerable side effect was found. Conclusion Tribendimidine is highly active in the treatment of hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides infections, free of major adverse effect and easy to administer. It is more effective than albendazole for the infection of Necator americanus.

Objective To compare the effect of retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy (RPUL) and ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URL) for upper ureteral calculi.Methods One hundred and twenty cases treated by RPUL and 108 cases by URL from January 2002 to October 2012 were reviewed.In RPUL and URL group,the diameter of stone was (1.56 ± 0.52) cm vs (1.44 ± 0.46) cm,ipsilateral hydronephrosis was (2.85 ± 0.86) cm vs (2.76 ± 0.82) cm,body mass index was (23.65 ± 2.80) kg/m2 vs (22.54 ± 2.68) kg/m2.There were no signficant differences.Data on the operation time,the hospital stay after operation,the operation,successsful rate,complication incidence and stone-free rate were compared between the 2 groups.Results Comparisons between RPUL group and URL group included the following:the operation time was (75.5 ± 25.8) min vs (62.5 ± 15.3) min,the hospital stay after operation was (6.2 ± 1.2) d vs (4.0 ± 0.8) d.There were significant differences.The operation successful rate was 95.0％ (114/120) in RPUL group and 85.2％ (92/108) in URL group.The complications incidence rate was 3.5％ (4/114) in RPUL group and 17.4％ (16/92) in URL group.The stone-free rate was 100.0％ (114/114) in RPUL group and 89.1％ (82/92) in URL group.The differences were significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions RPUL and URL had the advantages of less trauma and blood loss and rapid recovery.RPUL had fewer complication and higher success rate than URL,and could be a minimally invasive option for the treatment of ureteral calculi.

Aiming to solve the problems in traditional classroom mode PBL teaching during clinical practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery,this paper investigated multi-pattern PBL teaching basing on Weblog,daily ward round and classroom discussion in the clinical practice,and focused on the practice methods,advantages and feature of this multi-pattern PBL teaching.

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of cystic renal cell carcinoma and to improve the preoperative diagnosis and curative rate of the disease. Methods Ten cases of cystic renal cell carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed in the aspects of imaging and pathologic characteristics. There were 7 males and 3 females with average age of 56 years old (ranging from 38--74 years old) in this study. There were 3 cases complained of sore waist, 7 cases were found renal masses in annual physical examination and 2 cases had the history of renal cysts. The cyst diameter was 3.5 8.2 cm. Six cases had been diagnosed with ultrasound and 7 cases had been diagnosed with CT scan pre-operatively. Eight eases were diagnosed with frozen section during operation. All the 10 cases accepted radical nephreetomies. Results The post-operative histological diagnosis showed that there were 9 cases of clear cell carcinoma and 1 case of granular cell carcinoma. The pathological character istics were tumor necrosis of renal cell carcinoma in 6 cases, multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma in 2 cases and carcinoma in renal cyst in 2 cases. Eight patients followed up from 6 months to 5 years. Six patients were still alive (mean 28.5 months). Conclusion The keys to improve the diagnosis and curative rate of the cystic renal cell carcinoma are paying attention to the pre-operative imaging study, the intra-operative frozen section examination and histopathology results.

0.05),but CD3,CD4,CD8 and CD4/CD8 were obviously decreased in exposure group than in control group(P

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy in the treatment of unilateral micrognath ia by using EAM medical resin and hydroxyapatite (EH) composite material combined with the CAD/ CAM technique.Methods From July 2011 to October 2015,12 cases of unilateral micrognathia caused by different reasons were treated,based on the representative traits and requirements,refering to the unsymmetric counter part by right of CAD/CAM technique.By the 3-dimensional design and reconstruction,we reformed the EH composite material into purposed shape,and insert it in the operative area.Results All the materials were closely suitable to the mandible surfaces.1 case failed because the wound was torn apart;the other 11 patients recovered more than 6 months and were satisfied with the external appearance.Conclusions The EH composite materials combined with CAD/ CAM techniques could be a potential characterized remedy for the unilateral micrognathia.

The genetic divergence between geographically separated populations can be studied by comparing the divergences in their allele frequencies to the geographical distance of popula-tions. The present study is to examine the divergences in allele frequencies and genetic diver-gence in relation to the geogrephical distance of the samples localities, in order to test the population structure model of Oncomelania from the endemic areas in mainland China.The results showed that three patterns of allele frequency distributions occured in seven polymorphic loci, which were even,chaotic and discontinuous cline distributions. The distcon-tinuous or stepped clines shown in loci Est-4,Got and Mdh-2 suggested that the discrete subpopuation model is the likeliest. The plot of genetic distance (Nei's 1978) between sample populations against the geographic distances suggested that the special pattern of allele fre-quency distribution could be found. The regression analysis shows that logistic sigmoid re-gression is the best model to fit the original data in the plot. This supports the existence of the discrete subpopulations model in the population structure studied.

To optimize the water extraction process for glycyrrhiza. Methods: HPLC was used to determine the con-tents of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin. The comprehensive index included the contents of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin and the yield of dry extract. The water amount and the extraction time were selected as the independent variables, and the comprehensive index was set as the dependent variable. Design-expert 8. 06 software was used to fit multivariate linear or quadratic multinomial models for the experimental values. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the water extraction process. The prediction was carried out through comparing the observed and predicted values. Results:The regression coefficient of binomial fitting complex model was as high as 0. 979 7. The optimum conditions of extraction process were as follows:12-fold amount of water, extracting 3 times with 90 min for each time. The deviation between the observed and predicted values was -1. 72%. Conclusion: Central composite design-response surface methodology is convenient and highly predictive in optimizing the water extraction process for glycyrrhiza, which can be applied in the further membrane separation and purification.