OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of Tiaoshen Guben holistic therapy of acupuncture and moxibustion (holistic treatment with acupuncture and moxibustion by adjusting the mind and consolidating the root) on comorbidity of depression and insomnia. METHODS: Twenty-four patients with comorbidity of depression and insomnia were included and treated with Tiaoshen Guben holistic therapy of acupuncture and moxibustion. Acupuncture was applied to Baihui (GV20), Guanyuan (CV4), bilateral Neiguan (PC6), etc. The refined moxibustion therapy was delivered at Zhongwan (CV12), Qihai (CV6), bilateral Yongquan (KI1), etc. Subcutaneous embedding therapy with thumb-tack needle was adopted at bilateral Xinshu (BL15), bilateral Pishu (BL20), etc. The intervention was operated once every other day, 3 treatments a week, and for 6 consecutive weeks. Before and after treatment completion, and in 1 month after treatment, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Hamilton's depression scale (HAMD-17) were adopted to assess sleep quality and depression symptoms in the patients, respectively. Before and after treatment completion, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the functional connectivity (FC) of locus coeruleus (LC) in brain regions was evaluated; and the levels of serum norepinephrine (NE), cortisol (CORT), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) were detected. RESULTS: Compared with the scores before treatment, PSQI and HAMD-17 scores after treatment completion and in 1 month after treatment were reduced (P<0.01); and strengthened FC was revealed between the right LC and the pars opercularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus, as well as the lateral occipital lobe region. After treatment completion, serum NE was elevated (P<0.01), the levels of CORT, ACTH and CRH were reduced (P<0.01). Before and after treatment completion, the difference in FC between the right LC and the pars opercularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus was negatively correlated with the differences in PSQI score (r = -0.484, P = 0.016) and HAMD-17 score (r = -0.233, P = 0.027). CONCLUSION Tiaoshen Guben holistic therapy of acupuncture and moxibustion can effectively alleviate depression symptoms and improve sleep quality in the patients with comorbidity of depression and insomnia, which is obtained probably through reducing the levels of serum CORT, ACTH and CRH, increasing serum NE, strengthening the FC of the right LC with the pars opercularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus and the lateral occipital lobe region.
Humans ; Moxibustion ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/therapy* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Depression/complications* ; Aged ; Young Adult ; Acupuncture Points ; Comorbidity

This article aims to summarize the clinical experiences of Professor Zhou Peng in treating post-thoracotomy pain syndrome(PTPS)by application of integrated acupuncture and moxibustion based on spirit-regulating and essence-consolidating therapy.In the view of Professor Zhou Peng,PTPS is prone to disturb the heart and spirit due to recurrent attacks,thus over consumption of the"spirit of the body";and various factors during and after the operation damage the"essence of the body",so the treatment is based on the principle of spirit-regulating and essence-consolidating,the disease can be treated from the perspective of heart,liver,spleen,and kidneys.Clinical use of multi-dimensional integration of acupuncture and moxibustion mode of external treatment,with local encircled acupuncture,plum-blossom needling to relieve the patient's urgent needs,and then use the spirit-regulating and essence-consolidating therapy,refined moxibustion,embedding needling for comprehensive treatment,treating symptom and root cause simultaneously,so as to exert certain therapeutic effect.

This article introduces Professor Zhou Peng's clinical experience in treating generalized anxiety disorder(GAD)using spirit-regulating and root-strengthening integrated acupuncture.Based on the pathological characteristics of GAD,Professor Zhou Peng summarizes its pathogenesis as"disharmony of qi,blood,yin,and yang,"pointing out that"deficiency"is the essence of its onset,with spleen and kidney deficiency being the root cause.He advocates treating GAD from the perspective of"deficiency and decline,"focusing on strengthening the spleen and kidneys,consolidating the root,and nourishing the source,while also regulating the mind.The integrated acupuncture therapy includes needling,refined moxibustion,and intradermal needle embedding.Needling is used to harmonize qi and blood,refined moxibustion to regulate and supplement yin and yang to consolidate the root,and intradermal needle embedding to regulate the mind and consolidate the therapeutic effects of acupuncture.Starting from improving patients'compliance with treatment and ensuring sustained therapeutic effects,Professor Zhou emphasizes that acupuncture manipulation should be fast,gentle,and soft,with needle insertion resembling a swift crane touching the waves and needle manipulation like a deer drinking from a clear spring.He places great importance on patients'sensations and aims to holistically regulate the body's qi,blood,yin,and yang,restoring the balance of body and mind,thereby effectively treating generalized anxiety disorder.

This study analyzes the disease burden of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents in China and globally from 1990 to 2021, providing data support and strategic recommendations for public health policy and disease intervention.

Objective To evaluate the quality of the reports of randomized controlled trials(RCT)on acupuncture treatment of dysmenorrhea.Methods RCT English and Chinese literature about acupuncture for the treatment of dysmenorrhea was systematically retrieved from PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,SinoMed,Wanfang Data and VIP from the establishment of the databases to March 31,2024.Based on the CONSORT statement,STRICTA,and SHARE,RCTs for acupuncture treatment of dysmenorrhea that met the inclusion criteria were evaluated and statistically analyzed.Results Totally 28 RCTs were included.According to the analysis and statistics,although the reporting rate of the basic implementation points of RCT was satisfactory,reporting rates of the CONSORT statement,STRICTA and SHARE related to the implementation details of blind method,the demarcation of outcome indicators and statistical analysis,the determination method of sample size,the rationality analysis of sham acupuncture and the implementation details were still below 50%or even 0%.Among them,the items with a reporting rate less than 30%were mainly the identification of the title,the integrity of the trial design,the comprehensiveness of the outcome indicators,the comprehensiveness of the statistical analysis,the rationality analysis of acupuncture treatment,the operation details of false acupuncture,and the full report of the trial information.Conclusion At present,the quality of RCT reports on the treatment of dysmenorrhea with sham acupuncture as control at home and abroad is generally low,especially in the rationality of sham acupuncture,implementation methods and statistical analysis of outcome indicators,etc.It is suggested that the CONSORT statement,STRICTA and SHARE should be strictly followed when designing clinical trial protocols in the future,with multi-stage self-evaluation,timely adjustment and improvement of the program design,in order to improve the safety,authenticity and scientificity of the program.

Objective:To obtain a prevalent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) clinical isolate in Beijing and analyze the genotype and biological characteristics of the strain.Methods:A nasopharyngeal secretion specimen was collected from a child with RSV infection in Beijing in 2023 and used for viral isolation. Viral nucleic acid was amplified using qRT-PCR. The isolated virus was identified by transmission electron microscopy, indirect immunofluorescence assay, and plaque formation assay. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on the whole-genome sequencing results. Virus titers were determined, and replication characteristics were analyzed. The efficacy of the isolated strain for in vitro screening of antiviral drugs was validated. Results:A clinical RSV isolate, named hRSV/C-Tan/BJ 202301, was successfully isolated, which could form syncytia in Hep-2 cells. Spherical, filamentous, and irregular virus particles were observed by electron microscopy. Immunofluorescence detection showed green fluorescence in Hep-2 cells, and plaque assay showed round plaques, which were similar to the Long strain in morphology. Genomic sequence analysis showed that it belonged to ON1 genotype. It exhibited similar cell growth kinetics characteristics with the Long strain and could be used for antiviral drug screening in vitro. Conclusions:In this study, one RSV strain is successfully isolated and identified. The biological characteristics and the phylogenetic relationship of this strain reflect the characteristics of the circulating strains in Beijing, which provides experimental material for RSV vaccine development and antiviral drug screening in China.

Objective To evaluate the quality of the reports of randomized controlled trials(RCT)on acupuncture treatment of dysmenorrhea.Methods RCT English and Chinese literature about acupuncture for the treatment of dysmenorrhea was systematically retrieved from PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,SinoMed,Wanfang Data and VIP from the establishment of the databases to March 31,2024.Based on the CONSORT statement,STRICTA,and SHARE,RCTs for acupuncture treatment of dysmenorrhea that met the inclusion criteria were evaluated and statistically analyzed.Results Totally 28 RCTs were included.According to the analysis and statistics,although the reporting rate of the basic implementation points of RCT was satisfactory,reporting rates of the CONSORT statement,STRICTA and SHARE related to the implementation details of blind method,the demarcation of outcome indicators and statistical analysis,the determination method of sample size,the rationality analysis of sham acupuncture and the implementation details were still below 50%or even 0%.Among them,the items with a reporting rate less than 30%were mainly the identification of the title,the integrity of the trial design,the comprehensiveness of the outcome indicators,the comprehensiveness of the statistical analysis,the rationality analysis of acupuncture treatment,the operation details of false acupuncture,and the full report of the trial information.Conclusion At present,the quality of RCT reports on the treatment of dysmenorrhea with sham acupuncture as control at home and abroad is generally low,especially in the rationality of sham acupuncture,implementation methods and statistical analysis of outcome indicators,etc.It is suggested that the CONSORT statement,STRICTA and SHARE should be strictly followed when designing clinical trial protocols in the future,with multi-stage self-evaluation,timely adjustment and improvement of the program design,in order to improve the safety,authenticity and scientificity of the program.

Objective:To obtain a prevalent respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) clinical isolate in Beijing and analyze the genotype and biological characteristics of the strain.Methods:A nasopharyngeal secretion specimen was collected from a child with RSV infection in Beijing in 2023 and used for viral isolation. Viral nucleic acid was amplified using qRT-PCR. The isolated virus was identified by transmission electron microscopy, indirect immunofluorescence assay, and plaque formation assay. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on the whole-genome sequencing results. Virus titers were determined, and replication characteristics were analyzed. The efficacy of the isolated strain for in vitro screening of antiviral drugs was validated. Results:A clinical RSV isolate, named hRSV/C-Tan/BJ 202301, was successfully isolated, which could form syncytia in Hep-2 cells. Spherical, filamentous, and irregular virus particles were observed by electron microscopy. Immunofluorescence detection showed green fluorescence in Hep-2 cells, and plaque assay showed round plaques, which were similar to the Long strain in morphology. Genomic sequence analysis showed that it belonged to ON1 genotype. It exhibited similar cell growth kinetics characteristics with the Long strain and could be used for antiviral drug screening in vitro. Conclusions:In this study, one RSV strain is successfully isolated and identified. The biological characteristics and the phylogenetic relationship of this strain reflect the characteristics of the circulating strains in Beijing, which provides experimental material for RSV vaccine development and antiviral drug screening in China.

Objective To monitor the antifungal resistance of clinical isolates of Candida spp.in the East China region.Methods MALDI-TOF MS or molecular methods were used to re-identify the strains collected from January 2018 to December 2022.Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using the broth microdilution method.The susceptibility test results were interpreted according to the breakpoints of 2022 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)documents M27 M44s-Ed3 and M57s-Ed4.Results A total of 3 026 strains of Candida were collected,65.33％of which were isolated from sterile body sites,mainly from blood(38.86％)and pleural effusion/ascites(10.21％).The predominant species of Candida were Candida albicans(44.51％),followed by Candida parapsilosis complex(19.46％),Candida tropicalis(13.98％),Candida glabrata(10.34％),and other Candida species(0.79％).Candida albicans showed overall high susceptibility rates to the 10 antifungal drugs tested(the lowest rate being 93.62％).Only 2.97％of the strains showed dose-dependent susceptibility(SDD)to fluconazole.Candida parapsilosis complex had a SDD rate of 2.61％and a resistance rate of 9.42％to fluconazole,and susceptibility rates above 90％to other drugs.Candida glabrata had a SDD rate of 92.01％and a resistance rate of 7.99％to fluconazole,resistance rates of 32.27％and 48.24％to posaconazole and voriconazole non-wild-type strains(NWT),respectively,and susceptibility rates above 90％to other drugs.Candida tropicalis had resistance rates of 29.55％and 26.24％to fluconazole and voriconazole,respectively,resistance rates of 76.60％and 21.99％to posaconazole and echinocandins non-wild-type strains(NWT),and a resistance rate of 2.36％to echinocandins.Conclusions The prevalence and species distribution of Candida spp.in the East China region are consistent with previous domestic and international reports.Candida glabrata exhibits certain degree of resistance to fluconazole,while Candida tropicalis demonstrates higher resistance to triazole drugs.Additionally,echinocandins resistance has emerged in Candida albicans,Candida glabrata,Candida tropicalis,and Candida parapsilosis.

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of kindergarten teach-ers'participation in training for preschool sex education in Luzhou city,and provide a basis for improving the sex education literacy of kindergarten teachers in the future.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling meth-od was adopted,and a questionnaire survey was conducted from December 2021 to January 2022 on the knowl-edge,attitude,and practice of preschool sex education among all the teachers in 24 kindergartens in Luzhou city.Results Among the 461 teachers,43.0％had participated in lectures/courses/training activities related to pre-school sex education;99.1％hoped to participate in lectures/courses/training activities related to preschool sex education;82.6％learned about child sexual knowledge through school education;75.5％expressed the hope to learn about child sexual knowledge through expert training.The results of multivariate Logistic regression showed that except private kindergartens as an inhibiting factor(OR=0.57,95％CI=0.37-0.87,P=0.008),high monthly income(OR=3.52,95％CI=1.13-9.30,P=0.011),more ways to know about sex education knowledge(OR=2.87,95％CI=1.76-4.70,P＜0.001),and social support(OR=1.58,95％CI=1.04-2.38,P=0.030)were promoting factors for teachers to participate in the training for preschool sex educa-tion.Conclusions The kindergarten teachers presented a participation rate but a high demand for the training for preschool sex education.They mainly obtain the sex education knowledge from school education.The nature of kindergarten,monthly income of teachers,social support situation,and ways of understanding sex education knowledge are the key factors influencing the teachers'participation in the training for preschool sex education.