Objective To study the effects of mobile telephone microwave radiation on learning and memory of young and senile mice. Methods The young(5 months old) and senile(10 months old) male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 2 groups respectively, the control and exposed. The young and senile mice were settled in the environment of the mobile telephone signal shoots station (3 V/m) and exposed to the mobile telephone conversation radiation with two mobile telephones for 5 h/d for 50 consecutive days. The control group was in the environment without microwave radiation (0 V/m). The capability of learning and memory of each group were determined by Morris maze test(the time of finding the flat roof:the latency), the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) in the hippocampus and temporal lobe were measured by spectrophotometry. Results With the increase of training time, no significant decrease of the latency was seen in each group. Compared with the senile control group, the activity of AchE in the hippocampus and temporal lobe of the young control group and the senile radiation group were lower(P

The present study investigated different types of eoexpression of brain derived neumtmphic factor(BDNF),nerve growth factor(NGF)and neutmphin-3(NT-3)mRNA and/or proteins in the left sixth lumbar dorsal root ganglion(DRG)of cats and discuss themechanism of coexpression in order to provide foundation for elucidating the relationship between the expression of neurotrophic factors andspinal cord plasticity.The eats used in this study were normal animals without any interventional treatment.They were subjected to renloveof the left L6 DRG and their DRG were processed for immunohistechemistry and in situ hybridization double staining to observe whetherthere are coexpression of mRNA and proteins of BDNF,NGF and NT-3.The results showed that the pmteios and mRNA of BDNF,NGFand NT-3 were all expressed in the DRG of cats,but the types of coexpression of mRNA and proteins were different and diverse amongthese three neumtrophic factors.The results of immunohiatochemistry showed that BDNF immunoreactivities were mainly observed in thecytoplasm and nucleus,and the staining of nucleus was weaker than that of cytoplasm;NGF immunoreactivities were mainly observed innucleus while NT-3 mainly in cytoplasm.The results of in situ hybridization showed that BDNF and NGF positive signals mostly distributedin the cytoplasm,NT-3 positive signals were observed in both the cytoplasm and nucleus.Our results suggest that the proteins and mRNAof BDNF,NGF and NT-3 have different types of coexpression which indicate they may have autocrine and/or paracrine mechanism contrib-uting to the plasticity of spinal cord in the left L6 DRG of cats.

Objective To establish a serial of stable and mature methods of primary culture hippocampus neurons of GFP-transgene embryonic mice,to get the morphologic data of cultured neurons.Based on this research,in future,we can give an important theoretical and practical support for the therapy of nervous system diseases by transplanting with hippocampus neurons of GFP-transgene embryonic mice.Methods We primarily cultured the hippocampus neurons derived from the GFP-transgene embryonic mice in vitro.Under the microscope,we found cultured hippocampus neurons could live for more than one month and appeared to be the best status in 5～7 d after culture.During this time,the processes of the neurons are thick and the neurons connected one another to form the"cells-net" through their processes.After 14 d,the growth of the hippocampus neurons became slow.Results A serial of culture methods of hippocampus neurons had been successfully established.These cultured neurons were identified by the immuno-histochemical methods.They grow well in different phases before 14 d after culture.Conclusion Culturing hippocampus neurons of GFP-transgene embryonic mice is a simple,stable and effective method which can be applied to scientific research by other researchers.

Objective To evaluate the treatment efficacy and treatment-related toxicity of late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (LCAHRT) combined with cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CHT) for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods A total of 46 patients with histologically confirmed ESCC,11 in the stage Ⅱa,3 in the stage Ⅱb,and 32 in the stage Ⅲ,underwent conventional fractioned radiation of 40 Gy in 20 fractions on the primary and metastatic lymph nodes,and high-risk lymph node drainage regions,and then the primary and metastatic lymph nodes were irradiated as boost with an additional dose of 19.6 Gy in 14 fractions (1.4 Gy twice a day),and the total prescribed dose was 59.6 Gy in 34 fractions.Two cycles of CHT were administered concurrently during the radiotherapy.The 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates and local control rates (LCRs) were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method,and treatment-related toxicity was analyzed based on the RTOG and CTCAE criteria 3.0.Results All patients received the whole course of treatment.The median followup time was 34.4 months (6-67 months).The overall response rate was 91.3％ (42/46).The median OS was 38.5 months (95％ CI 29.6-47.4 months).The 1-,3-,and 5-year OS rates and LCRs were 78.6％,49.4％,and 39.9％,and 84.3％,68.2％,and 61.4％ respectively.The incidence of ≥ G3 radiationinduced esophagitis was 23.9％.Three kinds of serious (≥G3) hematologic toxicities were recorded,including leucopenia (26.1％),thrombocytopenia (13.0％),and anemia (10.9％).Esophagotracheal fistula was recorded in 2 patients (4.3％).Conclusion LCAHRT plus CTH can be favorable for the patients with locally advanced ESCC,however,the treatment-related toxicities may be serious.

Objective To assess the value of SPECT/CT lung perfusion imaging (SPECT/CT-LPI) in evaluation of the regional lung function and the correlation between lung perfusion defects (LPD) and the clinical findings in NSCLC patients.Methods A total of 48 NSCLC patients (43 males,5 females;average age 61.06 years) who underwent pulmonary function tests (PFT),CT and 99Tcm-MAA SPECT/CT-LPI from December 2006 to March 2013,were retrospectively studied.LPD were divided into four grades:grade 0 (no lung perfusion defect was identified),grade 1 (the area of lung perfusion defect (LPDA) was similar to the size of local tumor),grade 2 (the LPDA was larger than local tumor and extends to 1 pulmonary lobe),grade 3 (the LPDA exceeded 1 pulmonary lobe).x2 test,one-way analysis of variance and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the correlation of the lung perfusion function and clinical findings.Results LPD were found in 44 patients (91.67％,44/48),including 18 with grade 1,15 with grade 2,11 with grade 3.The abnormal results of PFT were found in 16 patients (33.33％,16/ 48).The abnormal findings by SPECT/CT-LPI were more than that by PFT (x2=34.844,P＜0.01).The rates of LPD with grade ≥ 2 were significant different between patients with central lung cancer and those with peripheral lung cancer (x2 =8.392,P＜0.01),and between hilar lymph nodes positive group and negative group (x2=10.801,P＜0.01).The degree of LPD was related to tumor location (1 was assigned for central lung cancer,2 was assigned for peripheral lung cancer),tumor size (1 was assigned for maximum diameter ≤3.0 cm,2 was assigned for ＞3.0 cm and ≤5.0 cm,3 was assigned for ＞5.0 cm) and hilar lymph node (1 was assigned for with metastasis,0 was assigned for no metastasis) (Wald=8.176,5.352,10.100,all P＜0.05).Conclusions Compared with PFT,SPECT/CT-LPI has a more significant value in assessment of the regional lung function in NSCLC patients.Tumor location,tumor size and metastasis of hilar lymph nodes may be helpful for LPD grading.SPECT-LPI may be beneficial for patients with central lung cancer,large tumor and hilar lymph nodes metastasis.

57??m).In addition,the positive product of BDNF was also observed in a few satellite cells.At 3 days after partial dorsal rhizotomy,the A value of BDNF and its mRNA in the medium and small sized neurons decreased apparently than that in normal group(P0 05).On the contrary,the A value of BDNF and its mRNA in the large sized neurons has not apparent changed at 3 days after partial dorsal rhizotomy but decreased apparently at 7 days after operation(P

Objective To compare 18 F-FDG PET/CT and electronic endoscopy for measuring the length of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and to evaluate the optimal SUV threshold for contour determination of the size of the lesion.Methods Twenty-four patients (19 males and 5 females,median age:59 years) with histologically confirmed ESCC were enrolled.Three patients had stage Ⅱ,14 had stage Ⅲ and 7 had stage Ⅳ diseases.PET studies were performed before treatment.The length of ESCC was measured on FDG PET imaging using different SUV thresholds of 2.0 (L2.0),2.5 (L2.5),3.0 (L3.0),3.5 (L3.5),and 35％(L35),40％(L40),45％(L45),50％(L50),55％(L55) of SUVmax.The length of ESCC on PET imaging was compared with the length of gross tumor in vivo measured by electronic endoscopy (Lst) to determine the optimal threshold of SUV using paired t test.Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation.Results The SUVmax of primary tumor was 14.51±5.72 and the Lst was (5.27± 2.45) cm.The length was in a descending order of L2.0,L2.5,Lst,L3.0,L3.5,L35,L40,L45,L50 and L55 when using different criteria.There were significant differences between the Lst and the lengths measured on PET except those by L2.5 and L3.0((5.65±2.69) cm,(5.11±2.51) cm; t=-1.74 and 0.76,both P＞0.05).The lengths measured on PET by all criteria were significandy correlated with the Lst,respectively,with the better r values by L3.5(0.935),L2.5(0.920) and L3.0(0.919) (all P＜0.01).When SUVm~＜15,there were no significant differences between the Lst ((4.82±2.14) cm) and L2.5((4.95±2.76) cm),L3.0((4.45±2.50) cm) and L35((4.42±1.85) cm),respectively (t=-0.439,1.299,2.011,all P＞0.05).The best correlation (r=0.953,P＜0.05) was between Lst and Lz5.When SUVmax ≥ 15,there was no significant difference between Lst ((5.67±2.64) cm) and L3.0((6.11±2.61) cm; t=-0.897,P＞0.05; r=0.791,P＜ 0.05).Conclusions For better correlation of ESCC lesion size,it is suggested that the optimal threshold of SUV for contouring is 2.5 for tumor SUVmax＜15,and 3.0 for tumor SUVmax ≥ 15.A larger sampling size is needed for further confirmation or modification.

The series postmortemautopsy examination and histopat hology research in 20 cases heroin-addicts are accomplished． Research result s show that injection marks, tattoo，skin pigmentation，emaciation and harmed-self scar usua1ly point out addiction behavior: Various chronic infective diseases of organs are complicated by heroi n addiction, and the main complicated diseases are bronchopneumonia, lung absces s,chronic hepatitis，liver cirrhosis, reactive follicular hyperplasia in lymphn ode,spleen,infective angiitis, chronic inflammation in suprarenal , thyoadennitis overflowi ng degeneration and necrosis of neurocytes etc． in 20 cases, 50% cases died of ac ute heroin poison, 40% cases died of chronic infective diseases, and l0% died from violent injury．

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of PHH 3 and β-catenin in non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC) .Methods 78 cases of NSCLC tissue removed from June 2013 to June 2017 in Rizhao Central Hospital were collected .The expression of PHH3 and β-catenin protein in NSCLC and 30 cases of normal lung tissues were detected by immunohistochemical MaxVision method .The relationship between the expres-sion of PHH3 andβ-catenin protein was analyzed .The relationship between the expression of PHH 3,β-catenin and the clinicopathological features of NSCLC was analyzed .Results The positive rate of PHH3 in NSCLC tissues ( 57/78,73.1％) was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissues (2/30,6.7％)(χ2 =38.553,P<0.05).The expression level of PHH3 was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation (χ2 =5.248,P<0.05),lymph node metastasis(χ2 =7.747,P<0.05),but it was not related to the age (χ2 =0.209,P>0.05),gender(χ2 =0.033,P>0.05) and pathological type (χ2 =0.190,P>0.05).The positive rate of β-catenin in NSCLC tissues (54/78, 69.2％) was significantly higher than that in normal lung tissues (3/30,10.0％) (χ2 =30.499,P <0.05).The expression level of β-catenin was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation (χ2 =4.934,P<0.05),lymph node metastasis(χ2 =8.098,P<0.05),but it was not related to the age (χ2 =0.006,P>0.05),gender(χ2 =0.595,P>0.05) and pathological type (χ2 =0.071,P>0.05).The expression of PHH3 was positively correlated withβ-catenin(r=0.597,P<0.05).Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that PHH3 and β-catenin expression was negatively correlated with prognosis .Conclusion The overexpression of PHH3 and β-catenin in NSCLC may be related to the development ,invasion and metastasis of NSCLC ,which is expected to be an indicator of NSCLC ,and to predict invasion and metastasis .

Objective To assess the efficacy and the adverse effects of improved late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (LCAHRT) combined with cisplatin-based chemotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods 68 Patients with pathologically confirmed ESCC were enrolled.Conventional fractionation was implemented to 40 Gy/20 fractions,followed by LCAHRT delivered 2 fractions of 1.4 Gy with an interval of 6-8 hours per day to 14 fractions,thus the total dose was 59.6 Gy.Two cycles of cisplatin-based chemotherapy were administered concurrently,followed by two more cycles.The short-term efficacy of treatment,overall survival for 1-,3-,5-year,and treatment-related toxicity were evaluated.Results All patients successfully completed LCAHRT and the overall response rate was 91.6％ (62/68).The overall survival rate of 1-,3-,and 5-year was 75.5％,46.5％,22.7％,respectively.The incidence of radiation esophagitis (grade 3 or greater) was 26.4％,and no patients developed grade 3 or worse radiation pneumonitis.The radiation-induced skin injury were most of grade 0 or 1.Grade 3 of leucopenia and neutropenia were observed in 29.4％ and 7.4％ of patients,respectively,and grade 4 were both in 2.9％.During long-term follow-up,no esophageal stenosis and severe pulmonary fibrosis was developed except for two cases(2.9％)of esophageal mediastinal fistula.Conclusion Late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy yields promising long-term survival,with lower treatment-related toxicity for patients of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.