Objective To study the relationships between retinal microvascular disease and acute coronary event (ACE) among aged people. Methods A controlled study for senile people in communities was conducted. Xinglong Zhuang Coal Mine Community in Jining city, Shandong province was chosen to carry out the study, and the residents in that area aged≥60 years were asked to take questionnaire survey, physical and laboratory examinations. There were 139 cases met the diagnostic criteria of ACE being in the observation group, and 1 509 cases without ACE were assigned in the control group. The gender, age, smoking, alcohol intake, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, education, physical exercise, retinal microvascular disease, fasting blood-glucose, high density lipoprotein cholesterin (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterin (LDL-C), triacylglycerol (TG), systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, body mass index (BMI) were collected in the two groups to perform univariate analysis. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis was used for the factors with statistical significance to screen out the independent risk factors that could affect the occurrence of ACE. Results The univariate analysis showed:the risk factors that might cause the occurrence of ACE included age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, LDL-C, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, BMI, and retinal microvascular disease (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In the ACE patients of observation group, the rates of presence of arteriovenous crossing sign [44.6%(62/139) vs. 27.8%(419/1 509)], hard exudates [9.4%(13/139) vs. 4.9%(74/1 509)] and cotton-wool patches [19.4%(27/139) vs. 7.3%(110/1 509)] in retinal microvascular disease were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The logistic regression analysis showed:age [P=0.002, odds ratio (OR)=1.06, 95%confidence interval (95%CI)=1.04-1.09], smoking (P=0.032, OR=2.17, 95%CI=2.04-2.30), retinal microvascular disease (P = 0.010, OR = 2.33, 95%CI = 0.97 - 1.27), hypertension (P < 0.001, OR = 5.21, 95%CI=4.11-6.36), diabetes mellitus (P=0.021, OR=1.03, 95%CI=1.01-1.05) and LDL-C (P=0.020, OR=2.80, 95%CI = 2.65 - 2.99) were the independent risk factors for the occurrence of ACE. Conclusions Retinal microvascular disease is the independent risk factor for the occurrence of ACE. The retinal angiography can be a useful examination to forecast ACE.

Objective To investigate the correhtion between cognitive impairment and cerebral atherosclerosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods Acute ischemic stroke patients without cognitive impairment were recruited before symptom onset.The Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate the cognitive function.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to identify the infarct locations and sides.Magnetic resonance angiography,CT angiography and digital subtraction angiography were used to identify atherosclerotic arteries.Resul~ A total of 101 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled,including 75 (74.3％) with cognitive impairment.The proportions of age (54.54 ± 12.59 years vs.64.43 ± 10.37 years;t =-3.960,P ＜0.001),years of education ≤6 years (50.7％ vs.11.5％;x2 =12.257,P ＜ 0.001),and cerebral atherosclerosis (89.3％ vs.50.0％;x2 =18.137,P ＜0.001) of the cognitive impairment group were significantly higher than those of the normal cognitive function group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cerebral atherosclerosis was an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment in patients with acute ischemic stroke (odds ratio 1.720,95％ confidence interval 1.005-2.942;P=0.048).MoCA score was negatively correlated with the offending vessels (r=-0.365,P＜ 0.001) and the most severe vessels of atherosclerotic degree (r=-0.243,P =0.014).Conclusions Most patients with acute ischemic stroke had cognitive impairment in the early stage after onset,and the MoCA scores was negatively correlated with the degree of cerebral atherosclerosis.Cerebral atherosclerosis was an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment in patientswith acute ischemic stroke.

Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is defined as an enamel mineralization defect caused by systemic factors, which is characterized by demarcated opacities. These opacities are liable to result in brittle hypomineralized enamel breakdown, which expediting the eventual development of cavities, even tooth loss. Early diagnosis and prompt intervention are essential. The MIH scoring system based on the diagnostic criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) is internationally recognized. This system is particularly helpful to diagnose and evaluate the MIH, as well as conductive to the performance of epidemiological investigations. This paper gives a presentation on the EAPD judgment criteria and scoring system as well as their applications, based on the current situation of MIH studies and our findings of MIH epidemiological investigation.

Background::Limited information exists regarding the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on psoriasis patients. The objective of this study was to identify clinical factors associated with the prognosis of psoriasis following SARS-CoV-2 infection.Methods::A retrospective, multicenter study was conducted between March and May 2023. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related psoriasis outcomes. The study included 2371 psoriasis patients from 12 clinical centers, with 2049 of them having been infected with SARS-CoV-2.Results::Among the infected groups, lower exacerbation rates were observed in individuals treated with biologics compared to those receiving traditional systemic or nonsystemic treatments (22.3% [236/1058] vs. 39.8% [92/231] vs. 37.5% [140/373], P <0.001). Psoriasis progression with lesions (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 8.197, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 5.685–11.820, compared to no lesions), hypertension (adjusted OR = 1.582, 95% CI = 1.068–2.343), traditional systemic (adjusted OR = 1.887, 95% CI= 1.263–2.818), and nonsystemic treatment (adjusted OR= 1.602, 95% CI= 1.117–2.297) were found to be associated with exacerbation of psoriasis after SARS-CoV-2 infection, but not biologics (adjusted OR = 0.931, 95% CI = 0.680–1.274, compared to no treatment), according to multivariable logistic regression analysis. Conclusions::A reduced risk of psoriasis exacerbation after SARS-CoV-2 infection was observed with biologics compared to traditional systemic and nonsystemic treatments. Significant risk factors for exacerbation after infection were identified as existing psoriatic lesions and hypertension.

Objective:To summarize the clinical features and postoperative efficacy of patients with oval window atresia accompanied by facial nerve aberration.Methods:The clinical data of patients with congenital middle ear malformation with facial nerve aberration admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 97 cases (133 ears) in total. Among them, 39 patients (44 ears) had complete follow-up data, including 27 male patients and 12 females, aged 7-48 years old, with an average age of 17.8 years old. Of these, 14 cases (16 ears) were patients combined with facial nerve aberration, and 25 cases (28 ears) were without facial nerve aberration. The results of imaging examination, pure-tone audiometry, selection of surgical strategy, intraoperative findings and postoperative hearing improvement were summarized and analyzed. The malformations of malleus, incus, stapes, oval window and facial nerve were recorded. Prism 9 software was used to statistically analyze the mean bone conductance and air-bone gap of patients before and after surgery.Results:All the 14 patients (16 ears) with middle ear malformation accompanied by facial nerve aberration and oval window atresia showed poor hearing and no facial palsy since childhood. High resolution CT (HRCT) examination of temporal bone, pure tone audiometry and Gelle test were performed before surgery. The malformations of malleus, incus, stapes, oval window and facial nerve were recorded. Preoperative high-resolution CT (HRCT) examination of temporal bone found 12 ears with 4 or more deformities, accounting for 75.00%, in the group of patients with facial nerve malformation. The preoperative average bone conductive threshold was (15.3±10.4) dB and the average air-bone gap was (46.3±10.6) dB in pure-tone audiometry (0.5, 1, 2, 4kHz). According to the different degrees of facial nerve and ossicle malformation, we performed three different hearing reconstruction strategies for the 14 patients (16 ears) with facial nerve aberration and oval window atresia, including 7 ears of incus bypass artificial stape implantation, 7 ears of Malleostapedotomy (MS) and 2 ears of Malleus-cochlear-prothesis (MCP). After 3 months to 18 months of follow-up, all patients showed no facial paralysis. The postoperative mean bone conductive threshold was (15.7±7.9) dB and air-bone gap was (19.8±8.5) dB. There were significant differences in mean air-bone gap before and after operation ( t=7.766, P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the mean bone conductive threshold before and after surgery ( t=0.225, P=0.824). There was no significant difference of mean reduction of air-bone gap between patients with and without facial nerve aberration ( t=1.412, P=0.165). There was no significant difference between the three hearing reconstruction strategies. There was no significant displacement of the Piston examined by U-HRCT. Conclusion:For patients of middle ear malformation whose facial nerve cover the oval window partially, incus bypass artificial stape implantation or Malleostapedotomy (MS) can be selected according to the specific condition of auditory ossis malformation, and for patients whose facial nerve completely covers the oval window area, Malleus-cochlear-prothesis (MCP) can be selected. Three types of stapes surgery are safe and reliable for patients with oval window atresia accompanied by facial nerve aberration. There was no significant difference in efficacy between them. Preoperative HRCT assessment of middle ear malformation is effective. There is no significant difference of surgical effect with or without facial nerve aberration. The U-HRCT can be used to evaluate the middle ear malformation before surgery and the Piston implantation status after surgery. Due to the risks of surgery, those who do not want to undergo surgery can choose artificial hearing AIDS, such as hearing aid, vibrating soundbridge, bone bridge or bone-anchored hearing aid.

【Objective】 To investigate the effects of high-dose hyperbaric trioxygen autologous blood therapy (HOT) on oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) and serum inflammatory factors in dogs with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). 【Methods】 Twelve healthy adult beagles were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=4). The blank group was injected with normal saline intravenously. The ARDS model was established by intravenous injection of oleic acid (0.12 mL/kg) in the ARDS group and ARDS+ HOT group. The mark of a successful model is that the oxygen and index (PaO2/FiO2) <300 mmHg. In the ARDS+ HOT group, after the ARDS model was established, 16 G indwelling needle was used to puncture the left femoral vein and connect the line of the HOT device. Venous blood (50 mL/ dog) was collected from the femoral vein under negative pressure to the blood storage bottle (100 mL blood storage bottle), and then the blood collection was stopped and the gas injection switch of the HOT device was turned on. Inject 50 mL of 20ng/dL trioxygen gas into the blood storage bottle. After gas injection, turn the blood storage bottle upside down three times to fully trioxidize the blood and then inject it back into the dog. Repeat this treatment for 10 cycles. PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 were detected before treatment and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h after treatment. The serum was retained after treatment, and the expressions of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were detected by ELISA. The animals were euthanized, and the gross lung morphology of the dogs was observed at autopsy. The dorsal segment of the left lower lobe of the lung was taken for pathological section HE staining, and the morphological changes of the lung tissue were observed under the microscope. 【Results】 After 5 hours of treatment, the PaO2/FiO2 of blank group was 481.85±35.31, and that of ARDS group was 183.67±20.18, which was significantly lower than that of blank group (P<0.01). The ARDS HOT group was 271.90±21.35, which was significantly higher than the ARDS group (P<0.01). The inflammatory factor IL-6 was (206.49±38.85) pg/mL in the blank group, and (293.12±30.38) pg/mL in the ARDS group, which was significantly higher than that in the blank group (P<0.01). There was a significant difference between the ARDS HOT group and ARDS group (221.56±46.69) pg/mL (P<0.01). The results of inflammatory factor IL-8 detection showed that the IL-8 in ARDS group was increased compared with the blank group (P<0.01); and the IL-8 in ARDS HOT group was decreased compared with ARDS group (P<0.01). Myeloperoxidase MPO test results showed that the blank group was (505.58±73.94) pg/mL, and the ARDS group was (605.69±108.88) pg/mL, which was significantly higher than the blank group (P<0.05). The ARDS HOT group was (476.52±103.85) pg/mL, which was significantly lower than the ARDS group (P<0.05). Microscopic examination of lung pathology showed that the lung tissue injury in ARDS HOT group was significantly reduced compared with ARDS group. 【Conclusion】 HOT can reduce the inflammation and injury of lung in ARDS model dogs through significantly increasing the PaO2/FiO2, down-regulating the expression of MPO, then inhibiting the activity of neutrophils and reducing the levels of IL-6 and IL-8.