Objective To investigate the association between the systolic/diastolic orthostatic hypotension (OH-S/OH-D) and myoeardial infarction (MI) in the elderly.Methods Health screening physical examination were carried in 1081 subjects without MI aged over 65 years in Guangzhou Military region.The orthostatic blood pressure and heart rate were measured in supine position after resting for more than 5 minutes and at 0 and 2 minutes after standing.All the cases were divided into systolic or diastolic group on the basis of definition of orthostatic hypotension and followed up by telephone or inpatient medical records with mean period of 315.8 days.The primary endpoint was MI occurrence.Results The prevalence of OH in this cohort was 24.5％ ( OH-S/OH-D:19.3％/17.2％ ).Significant differences in the occurrence of OH and OH-S were found in the elderly and the very elderly subjects( ≥80 years) (26.1％ vs 20.1％,P=0.045; 21.0％ vs 14.6％,P =0.018),while no difference was found in OH-D.The prevalence of MI in the OH positive subjects was significantly higher than that in the OH negative subjects,as well as in OH-S or OH-D group.After adjustment of age,supine blood pressure,creatinine and cerebrovascular history by logistic regression,the association was observed between MI and OH ( HR 15.635,95 ％ CI 3.299-74.091,P=0.001),OH-S(HR 8.760,95％CI2.487-30.851,P=0.001)and OH-D(HR 3.889,95％ CI 1.097-13.790,P =0.035 ).Conclusion OH-S and OH-D hypotension are robust predictors for MI in the elderly.

[Objective] Examine the expression of Galectin-3 (Gal-3),B cell lymphoma-2 protein (Bcl-2) in epithelial ovarian cancer tissues with regard to clinicopathological and survival variables,testing whether they can serve as prognostic markers and provide evidence for further research.[Methods] 98 EOC tissues and 10 normal ovarian tissues were collected,as well as their clinical documents.The expression of Gal-3 and Bcl-2 was tested via immunohistochemical staining analysis.Then the correlation between these two proteins and the clinicopathological and survival variables of these patients were evaluated.[Results] Of the 98 EOC,Gal-3 and Bcl-2 were all cytoplasmic staining.Gal-3 was observed in a majority of the EOC tumor cell proper (75/98,76.5％) but not in normal ovarian tissues.Bcl-2 was observed in a majority of the EOC tumor cell proper (50/98,51.0％) but not in normal ovarian tissue.Spearman bivariate correlation test show that there was no correlation between the expression Gal-3 and Bcl-2 (P =0.867).Gal-3 expression in EOC was associated with histology and platinum sensitivity (P =0.043,P =0.038),while Bcl-2 was associated with FIGO stage (P =0.029).Cox univariate analysis revealed that Gal-3,Bcl-2 expression,platinum sensitivity,stage were associated with overall survival (P =0.008,P =0.021,P ＜ 0.001,P ＜ 0.001).Further multivariate analysis showed that only Gal-3 expression,platinum sensitivity,stage affected the survival of these patients (P =0.014,P =0.021,P ＜ 0.001).[Conclusions]The expression of Gal-3 and Bcl-2 in EOC was significantly higher than that in normal ovarian tissue,supposed that they may involve in the development and progression of EOC.Gal-3 expression was associated with histology,platinum sensitivity and survival,it may be an independent predictive factor for EOC prognosis.There was no correlation between the expression Gal-3 and Bcl-2 in EOC,the functional mechanism between these two protein need further research.

Objective To investigate the effect of Shenmai injection in treating elderly with orthostatic hypotension. Methods The total of 97 cases of patients with orthostatic hypotension were randomly divided into 2 groups, which was injected intravenously with 100 mL Shenmai injection once daily as the treatment group, with 100 mL glucose as the control.The treatment lasted 14 days. The clinical symptom score, the difference of blood pressure, the P￣selectin, and the platelet maximum aggregation were measured. Results Compared with the control, Shenmai injection significantly reduced the clinical symptom scores of patients (P<0.05), lowered the difference of blood pressure for upright and supine significantly (P<0.05), decreased the platelet maximum aggregation and P￣selectin remarkably (P<0.05). Conclusion Shenmai injection significantly reduces the difference of blood pressure for upright and supine of the elderly with orthostatic hypotension, and inhibits the activities of platelets, thus improves the clinical symptoms.

Objective To study the effect of brucine on the growth of a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line in vitro. Methods Brucine was added into a liver cancer cell line of SMMC-7721 in vitro, at drug concentration of brucine from 2. 5 μg/ml to 400 μg/ml. The inhibition rate of cell growth was measured by MTT technique after the cells were cultured for 72 hours. The protein and mRNA expression of PCNA,cyclin D1 and FAS were respectively assayed with Western blotting and fluorescent quantitation RT-PCR techniques at 24, 48, 72 h. Results The inhibition rate of liver cancer cell was near 100% when the brucine concentration was at 320 μg/ml. The protein and mRNA expression of FAS were of no significant difference at 24 h vs 48 h ( seperately F = 2. 547,1. 582, all P ＞ 0. 05 ), and significant difference existed at 24 h vs 72 h( seperately F = 1. 036, 1. 137, all P ＜ 0. 05 ). The protein and mRNA expression of PCNA,Cyclin D1 were of no significant difference between various time period( seperately PCNA F = 3.612,2. 174,3.029;Cyclin D1 F=2.361,2.915,1.976,all P＞0.05). Conclusions Brucine inhibits the growth of liver cancer cells, by inducing increased apoptosis of the cells probably through FAS overexpression.

Objective To investigate the relationship between orthostatic hypotension (OH) and antihypertensive therapy in the elderly hypertensive population.Methods A total of 1174 elderly retired people (849 cases with hypertension and 325 cases without hypertension) in Guangzhou Military Region underwent health physical examination.All people were surveyed by questionnaires.The orthostatic blood pressure and heart rate were measured in supine position after resting for more than 5 minutes and then at 0 and 2 minutes after standing.Comparative analysis was made on the prevalence of OH and the relationship between OH and antihypertensive therapy.Results A significant difference in the prevalence of OH was observed between hypertensive patients and nonhypertensive patients [29.4％ (250/849) vs.15.7％ (51/325),x2 =23.32,P＜0.01].There was no significant difference in the prevalence of orthostatic hypotension in patients with versus without antihypertensive therapy [30.5％ (220/721) vs.23.4％ (30/128),x2 =2.62,P＞0.05].Conclusions Orthostatic hypotension is common observed in elderly hypertensive patients.Antihypertensive therapy may not increase the prevalence of OH.

ObjectiveTo investigate the morning blood pressure surge(MBPS) and its relationship with 24-hour blood pressure variability and anti-hypertensive drugs in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients.Methods A total of 521 middle-age and elderly men were surveyed with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and ambulatory electrocardiograms recordings as well as questionnaire investigation from January 2009 to December 2010.Subjects were divided into MBPS positive group and MBPS negative group according to the level of MBPS[ ＞35 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) or ≤35 mm Hg].ResultsIn all the cases,the prevalence of MBPS was 19.4％,of which the elderly and very elderly had higher prevalences ( 18.9％ and 21.8％,respectively) than the middle-aged (5.6％,both P ＜0.01 ).Significant differences could be found in age [ ( 81.6 ± 6.4 ) years vs ( 78.7 ± 9.7 ) years ],day mean systolic blood pressure [ ( 132.8 ± 13.3) mm Hg vs ( 128.8 ±13.3) mm Hg],fasting blood glucose [ (5.96 ± 1.59) mmol/L vs (5.68 ± 1.22) mmol/L] and 24-hour blood pressure variability between the two groups ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).Significant difference could be observed in the prevalence of MBPS between the diuretics-taking group and non-taking group (27.4％ vs 17.6％,P ＜0.05 ).ConclusionsThe elderly hypertensive patients are prone to appear MBPS phenomenon.Fasting blood glucose level,24-hour blood pressure variability may be associated with MBPS.Diuretic antihypertensive treatment may not be conductive for MBPS control.

Objective To evaluate the clearance efficacy of resin hemoperfusion(HP) on the removal of organophosphorus in the rabbits poisoned by methamidophos(MAP) and its effects on organ injury. Method Six-teen healthy Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into HP group and non-HP group. MAP was given through gastric tube in a dosage of 20 mg/kg to rabbits of both groups. Rabbits of liP group received resin hemop-ersion plus conventional treatment including early gastric lavage, atropine and pralidoxime. Rabbits of non-HP group received only conventional treatment. The plasma concentration of MAP was determined by using gas chro-matography before and after rabbits were poisoned at different intervals. Serum choline esterase (ChE),lactic de-hydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) of rabbits of both groups were assayed 6 hours after rabbits poisoned. Pathological changes in lung, liver, kidney and muscle were investigated simutaneously. SPSS 10.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The comparison between groups was carried out by using t -test. Results ① The typical symptoms of organophospborus poisoning were occurred in rabbits within 5 - 10 minutes after ingestion of MAP. In HP group, the plasma levels of rabbits before,and 30 min,60 min,90 min and 120 min after hemoperfu-sion were (11.43±1.56),(7.82±1.54),(4.97±1.58),(5.66±1.75) ,(5.49±1.68) μg/mL, respectively (P <0.01). After hemoperfusion, the plasma MAP levels of rabbits in HP group were lower than those in non-HP groups (P < 0.01). The improveme, nt of clinical presentation of rabbits was observed shortly after HP. ② The blood choline esterase activity of rabbits were depressed in hoth groups without significant difference. In contrast, the blood levels of ALT, AST,LDH,CK and CK-MB of rabbits in non-HP group elevated significantly than in HP group (P < 0.01). ③ The more severe injury of muscle, liver, kidnet and lung of rabbits can could be seen in non-HP group. Conclusions ① HP can effectively eliminate the plasma MAP and has the potential to improve the clinical presentation of intoxication in rabbits. ② Early intervention of Hp exerts a protection from organ dam-age of organophosphorus pesticide.

Objective To review the survival outcomes in patients with endometrial stromal sarcoma(ESS)in Cancer Hospital，Peking Union Medical College，Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences，and to discuss prognostic factors and the role of post-operative adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Methods Hospital records and pathology reports for 97 patients with ESS were reviewed.Among 97 patients，69 had low-grade ESS(LGESS)，16 had high-grade ESS(HGESS)and 12 had unclear grade.The median age at diagnosis was 44.0 years.The median follow-up time was 62 months(5-277 months).Atypical vaginal bleeding(43％)and prolonged and increased menses(36％)were the main symptoms.Results Totally 2-year and 5-year cumulative survival rates were 93％and 84％，respectively.Cumulative survival curves were significantly different between LGESS and HGESS，and so did cumulative survival curves between stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ(P＜0.05).Totally，34 patients(37％)had local or distant recurrence.The median time-to-recurrence(TTR)was 27 months.The recurrence rates of the patients with or without preserve of ovary were 89％and 24％，respectively(P=0.000).The local-control-rates of the patients who received or did not receive post-operative radiotherapy were 81％and 43％，respectively(P=0.011).Conclusions The prognosis of HGESS is obviously worse than that of LGESS.The risk of recurrence of patients with preserve of ovary was remarkably higher than that of patients without preserve of ovary.Postoperative radiotherapy could increase the local-control-rates.

AIM To study the effects of nalox-one on plasma endothelin-1 and nitric oxide during myocardiac ischemia-reperfusion ( I/R ) injury. METHODS Using myocardiac ischemia models and myocardiac ischemia -reperfusion injury models that was made by means of ligating sinistra corona-ria arteria,to investigate the change of plasma ET-1 and NO during I/R injury, and after the protection and treatment with naloxone,an antagonist of opoid receptor. 40 New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to 4 groupsCischemia group, nalox-one protection group, naloxone treatment group and ischemia-reperfusion group, 10 in each group). The blood was phlebotomized at different time in each group. The concentration of ET-1 was detected with radioimmunology method and NO with nitrate reductase method. RESULTS The levels of ET-1 had the trend of improvement after ischemia and were at its peak at the end of 4 h, but the levels of NO were significantly decreased. The ET-1 levels were significantly improved after 0. 5-1 h of injury compared with that before ischemia (P 0. 05). The levels of NO decreased after injury , whereas its levels in naloxone protection group increased significantly compared with that before ischemia ( P 0.05). CONCLUSION Naloxone may effectively reduce the level of ET-1 and enhance the level of NO after myocardiac ischemia and during I/R injury; whereby it decreases the injury to vascular and myocardium.

Objective:To investigate the role of growth arrest specific protein 6 (Gas6) in regulating macrophage polarization in wound healing.Methods:Clean male B6 mice were randomly(random number) divided into the normal group, skin defect group, skin defect group + normal saline group (PBS group), skin defect + Gas6 (1 μg) group, skin defect + Gas6 (5 μg) group, and skin defect + Gas6 (10 μg) group. Ten mice in each group were used to observe the healing of skin wounds. Macrophages were isolated from the wound tissues of the remaining 6 mice on the fifth day after modeling. The levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the mRNA expression levels of arginase-1 (Arg-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were detected by RT-PCR, and flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of M1 marker CD197, M2 marker CD163 and F4/80. HE staining was used to detect the pathological changes of skin wounds. Masson staining was used to analyze the granulation tissue and collagen deposition.Results:Scab began to form on the surface of the wound on the third day after the skin defect model was established. The wound area of the Gas6 treatment group was smaller than that of the PBS group, and the wound healing was better than that of the PBS group. Compared with the normal group, the proportion of CD197 in macrophages of the skin defect group was significantly increased ( P=0.00 49), the proportion of CD163 and F4/80 double positive was significantly decreased ( P=0.00 86), the level of IL-6 was significantly increased ( P=0.00 13), the level of IL-10 was significantly increased ( P=0.00 14), the level of iNOS mRNA was significantly increased ( P=0.00 8), and Arg-1 was significantly increased in the skin defect group The mRNA level was significantly decreased ( P=0.01 21), and the inflammatory infiltration was aggravated. Compared with the PBS group, the proportion of CD197 in the Gas6 treatment group was significantly decreased ( P=0.00 0), the double positive rates of CD163 and F4/80 were significantly increased ( P = 0.00 0), the level of IL-6 was significantly decreased (P = 0.00 0), the level of IL-10 was significantly increased ( P=0.00 03), the level of iNOS mRNA was significantly decreased ( P=0.00 18), the level of Arg-1 mRNA was significantly increased ( P=0.00 1), and the number of inflammatory cells and the number of collagen fibers were increased. Conclusions:Gas6 can promote the transformation of macrophages from M1 to M2 in mice with skin defect, which is beneficial to the wound healing of skin defect.