Objective To study the relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and type 2 diabetes patients with cerebral infarction and its influencing factors.Methods Serum homocysteine levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in type 2 diabetes patients with cerebral infarction (DS group), type 2 diabetes patients without complications (DNC group) and normal control subjects. Plasma folate and VitB 12 concentrations were detected by radioimmune assay.Results The levels of homocysteine in DS group and DNC group were significantly higher than in normal control group (all P

Objective To investigate changes of oxidative stress in the hearts and their roles in diabetic cardiomyopathy of rats.Methods Thirty six rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy were induced by streptozocin(STZ),and were randomly divided into three groups:(1) normal control (NC) group,normal control rats; (2) Diabetes maintain (DM) group,diabetic rats received protamine zinc insulin (PZI) 2 ～4 U/2 days; and (3) Diabetes treatment (DT) group,diabetic rats received PZI 9 ～ 12 U/kg body weigh/day.After 12 weeks,rats were killed,and the parameters including blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin a1c (HbA1c),total cholesterol (TC),and triglyceride (TG) were measured.Maleic dialdehyde (MDA),the total antioxidant capacity of the hearts,and activities of antioxidant enzymes in hearts including total superoxide dismutase (TSOD),catalase (CAT),and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured by chromatometry.The pathologic changes of heart tissues were studied by hematoxylin eosin (HE),periodic acid Schiff (PAS),and nitrotyrosine (NT) staining.Results After 12 weeks,parameters including blood glucose,HbA1c,TC,and TG were increased significantly in DM group relative to NC group or DT group.The level of heart MDA was elevated obviously in the DM group [NC group (7.82 ±0.62) nmol/mgprot,DM group (12.81 ± 1.35) nmol/mgprot,and DT group (8.20 ±0.85) nmol/mgprot].The total antioxidant capacity and activities of TSOD [(235.09 ± 14.94) U/mgprot],GSH-Px [(56.59 ± 4.96) U] were decreased significantly in the DM group.The level of CAT [(13.84 ± 2.88) U/mgprot] was increased obviously in the DM group.The cardial myocyte hypertrophy,myocyte steatosis,and PAS positive material could be found in the hearts of rats in DM group with HE and PAS staining.The expression of NT was much stronger in DM group than NC or DT groups.NT was less expressed in DT group,and was almost not expressed in the NC group.Conclusions Oxidative stress could be caused by diabetes in diaetic hearts and might play an important role in the etiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Objective:To evaluate and compare the effciency and safety of Cyberwand dual probe lithotriptor and Swiss lithoclast master in percutaneous nephrolithotomy for renal staghorn calculi.
Methods:A total of 138 patients with renal staghorn calculi were divided randomly into a Cyberwand dual probe lithotripter group (Group A, n=71) and a Swiss lithoclast master group(Group B, n=67). hTe data for operative time, blood loss volume, one-stage calculus clearance rate, hospitalization time, cost of hospitalization and complication in the two groups were collected and compared.
Results: The renal access was established successfully and the one-stage percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) was performed in the 2 groups. There was no significant difference in the size of stones, the age of patients and the complications between the 2 groups before the operations. Intraoperative gravel time in the Group A was signiifcantly shorter than that in the Group B (77.14±21.39 vs 84.25±20.62, P=0.049). There was no significant difference in the one-staged stone clearance rate, blood loss volume in the operation between the 2 groups. hTe one-staged stone clearance rate in the 2 groups were 67.6%(48/71) and 70.1%(47/67) respectively, with no signiifcant difference (P=0.854).
Conclusion:Two lithotrities were safe and effcient for renal staghorn calculi. But comparing with Swiss lithoclast master, Cyberwand dual probe lithotriptor is more effcient and convenient.

Objective To investigate oxidative damage effect of the serum of severe preeclamptic patients on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).Methods (1) HUVEC were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the following:blank group as control,normal group added 20％ normal sera of pregnant women,group PE added 20％ sera of severe preeclamptic patients,and group PE + Cat added 20％ sera of severe preeclamptic patients plus 3 x 103 U/ml catalase.After cultured for 24 hours,the injury morphology and APO2.7 expression of HUVEC were detected by transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry respectively.(2) Under the real-time scanning by laser scanning confocal microscopy,HUVEC were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the following:control group added 100 μmol/L H2O2 as positive control,normal group,group PE,and group PE + Cat.HUVEC of each group was scanned for 120 seconds to determine levels of reactive oxidative species (ROS),calcium homeostasis,and mitochondria membrane potential.Results (1) Obvious injury morphology of HUVEC was observed in group PE,and it was obviously improved by catalase in group PE + Cat.Percentage of HUVEC expressed APO2.7 was (37.8 ± 1.1) ％ in group PE,which was significantly higher than (13.4 ± 1.1) ％ in blank group or (13.5 ± 1.5) ％ in normal group,but significantly lower than (19.2 ± 1.6) ％ in group PE + Cat (all P ＜ 0.01).(2) The fluorescence intensity curves of intracellular ROS and calcium showed slowly rising in group PE,but no obvious changes in normal group and PE + Cat.The values of ROS and calcium in group PE (12.0±1.3,4.1 ±0.7) were higher than those in normal group (1.1 ±0.4,0.6 ±0.4),but lower than those in group PE + Cat (1.5 ± 0.5,0.9 ± 0.5 ; all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The serum of severe preeclamptic patients caused oxidative damage on HUVEC by increasing intracellular ROS generation,calcium overload,and decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential.

OBJECTIVE: To optimize the preparation technology of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres loaded with ropivacaine (ROP-PLGA-MS) and study their powder particle characteristics and in vitro release characteristics. METHODS: ROP-PLGA-MS was prepared with PLGA as carriers using the water-in-oil-in-water(W/O/W) emulsion solvent evaporation method. The micromeritic characteristics of ROP-PLGA-MS,such as the particle size,loading and entrapment efficiency were taken as indexes for evaluation,and the preparation technology was optimized by orthogonal design. Its dissolution characteristics in vitro were studied. RESULTS: The prepared microspheres were spherical with smooth surfaces,with an average particle size of (2.525?0.047) ?m and over 80% falling in the range of 1.8～5.0 ?m. The encapsulation efficiency was (58.05?1.169)% and the drug loading efficiency was (6.067 ?0.312)%. The in vitro release curves of ropivacaine microspheres could be fitted with Higuchi equation. The accumulated release percentage of which was 82 % in 192 h,and t1/2=60.16 h. CONCLUSION: ROP-PLGA-MS has obvious sustained release.

Objective To study the relationship between serum uric acid and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients Methods A total of 728 middle-aged and elderly type 2 diabetic patients were recruited and the anthropometric,clinical and biochemical parameters and fasting serum C-peptide were measured and retrospectively studied.All patients were divided into groups based on the levels of uric acid and on metabolic syndrome diagnosis or not.Results Among a total of 728 patients,the proportion of hyperuricemia was 26.9％(196/728),and metabolic syndrome(MS)was 64.6％.The levels of body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),systolic pressure (SBP),diastolic pressure (DBP),triglyceride (TG),fasting C-peptide,HOMA(C-Peptide) were significantly higher in hyperuricemia group than in normal uric acid group,while the level of HDL was lower in hyperuricemia group than in normal uric acid group.The proportion of MS was statistically higher in hyperuricemia group (81.6％)than in normal uric acid group (58.3％,P ＜ 0.05).Groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ-the four quartiles of serum uric acid from low-to high-level were correlated with MS component number of 2.1±1.0,3.1±1.1,3.3±1.2,3.7±0.8,separately,and with HOMA(CP)of 3.7± 0.8,3.7 ± 0.8,4.0 ± 0.6,4.1 ± 0.9,separately (all P ＜ 0.05).When all patients were divided into groups based on with or without MS,the level of uric acid in MS group was (377.3 ± 43.5)μumol/L,and the proportion of hyperuricemia was 34.0％ (160/470),and HOMA(CP)was 3.90±0.72,all were significantly higher than those of non-MS group[(318.2±47.9)μmol/L,14.0％ (36/258),3.64±0.67].The levels of serum uric acid in groups with 1-5 components of MS were(285.0±62.8)μmol/L,(335.7±62.7)μmol/L,(367.1±45.0) μmol/L,(377.9±40.2) μmol/L,(389.8±46.6)μmol/L,and HOMA(CP) was 3.6±0.6,3.7±0.7,3.9±0.8,3.9±0.7,4.3±0.7 separately(P＜0.05).Serum uric acid was positively correlated with age,WC,BMI,TG,SBP,fasting C-peptide,and HOMA (CP),while negatively correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).Binary logistic regression showed that the OR value of MS was 1.033 with the increase of serum uric acid,and 95％CI:1.026-1.041,P＜0.05.Conclusions Serum uric acid is correlated with insulin resistance in middle-aged and elderly hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes.Hyperuricemia might be a new risk factor for MS.

This paper discussed the interference and noise of medical electronic device and their generation, hazard, depression and application, of which some ones are pointed out for the first time.

Objectives To explore the relationship of orthostatic hypotension in elderly hypertensive patients with left ventricular structure and function.Methods 101 cases of elderly patients with hypertension were selected from July 2013 to June 2015.After blood pressure measurement in vertical and decubitus position,all patients were divided into non-orthostatic hypotension and orthostatic hypotension groups,received the echocardiography and the accurate calculation of left ventricular mass index.Results Compared with non-orthostatic hypotension,orthostatic hypotension in patients with left ventricular diastolic diameter,left ventricular posterior wall thinckness and interventricular septum thickness.Left ventricular mass index significantly increased(48.13±5.54)mm vs.(52.45 ± 1.48)mm in left ventricular diastolic diameter,(10.08± 1.87)mm vs.(11.29± 1.98)mm in left ventricular posterior wall thickness,(10.18± 1.88)mm vs.(11.61±1.66) mm in interventricular septum thickness,and (114.59 ± 22.72) g/m2 vs.(131.98 ± 23.43)g/m2 [t=4.386、2.985、4.397、8.672,in left ventricular mass index(BMI),all P＜0.05].Left heart ventricular ejection fraction and mitral peak early/late diastolic blood flow decreased [(60.81 ± 4.73)vs.(53.60±2.58)and(0.93±0.23)vs(0.76±0.26)t=4.298、3.654,all P＜0.05].Conclusions There is relationship of orthostatic hypotension with left ventricular structure and function in elderly hypertension patients,and it is essential not only to control blood pressure effectively,but also to focus on controlling orthostatic hypotension.

Objective To compare the value of abdominal aorta occlusion and internal iliac artery ligation in preventing massive bleeding during surgical treatment of complex acetabular fractures.Methods The study enrolled 67 cases of complicated acetabular fractures,of which 35 had control of hemorrhage via abdominal aorta blockage and 32 via internal iliac artery ligation.Intraoperative bleeding and postoperative drainage volumes were compared of the two operations.Results Of the two operations to control hemorrhage,abdominal aorta occlusion was significantly different from internal iliac artery ligation with regard to amount of blood loss [(648.00 ± 170.20) ml vs (231.18 ± 21.90) ml,t =1.693,P ＜ 0.05],but there was no significant difference between abdominal aorta occlusion and internal iliac artery ligation in postoperative drainage volume [(1 631.50 ± 675.50) ml vs (236.00 ±23.80) ml].Conclusion During surgical treatment of complex acetabular fractures,abdominal aorta occlusion is superior to internal iliac artery ligation in preventing bleeding and can be safe and effective for the fact that the bilateral common iliac arteries are occluded completely for a clear operation field.

colon cancer and to find out treatment and prevention by using different gene changes.