Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）， the predominant subtype of primary liver cancer， ranks among the top in both incidence and mortality rates of malignant tumors in China. In its early stages， the disease may present with subtle or nonspecific symptoms， often leading to poor clinical prognosis and low patient survival rates， which makes it a significant public health concern. The pathogenesis is associated with multiple factors， including hepatitis virus infection， alcohol consumption， obesity， drug-induced liver injury， and immune disorders， which may interact synergistically to promote disease development. Currently， mainstream therapeutic approaches for HCC in modern medicine encompass surgical resection， liver transplantation， radiofrequency ablation， radiotherapy， and chemotherapy， but they all have certain limitations， such as large side effects and poor prognosis， imposing substantial psychological distress and financial strain on affected individuals. With a rich historical background in hepatic malignancy management， traditional Chinese medicine offers therapeutic benefits characterized by multi-targeted mechanisms， multi-level regulation， minimal adverse effects， and reduced likelihood of disease recurrence. It can not only enhance the curative effect， but also reduce the side effects of radiotherapy， chemotherapy， and surgery. Thus， it has attracted widespread attention. Extensive research has demonstrated that traditional Chinese medicine exhibits significant antitumor properties， along with notable anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress-reducing capabilities， and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB） signaling pathway， which can affect multiple stages of hepatocarcinogenesis， such as cell proliferation， invasion， metastasis， and apoptosis. The mechanism of NF-κB signaling pathway in traditional Chinese medicine for HCC treatment has emerged as one of the pivotal research directions in current oncology studies. Based on the existing research foundation， a systematic literature review method was adopted to retrieve and analyze relevant Chinese and English literature in recent years. Integrating the molecular regulatory mechanisms of the NF-κB signaling pathway and its pivotal role in HCC pathogenesis and progression helped further explore the latest research advances in traditional Chinese medicine interventions targeting this pathway for HCC treatment. This approach may provide novel theoretical foundations and translational strategies for the prevention and management of HCC using traditional Chinese medicine.

ObjectiveTo investigate the population with an advantage of clinical cure previously treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs), and to provide more methods for clinicians in pursuing the clinical cure of hepatitis B. MethodsA total of 42 chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level HBsAg who received NAs treatment in Hebi Third People’s Hospital from October 2017 to October 2019 were enrolled as subjects and divided into combination treatment group (group A) and NA monotherapy group (group B). The 22 subjects in group A were treated with NAs combined with PEG-IFN antiviral therapy for 48 weeks, and some patients withdrew from PEG-IFN after 24 weeks and continued to receive NA monotherapy, while the 20 subjects in group B received NA antiviral therapy alone. Both groups were observed till week 48, and the five makers for hepatitis B were measured to evaluate clinical outcome. The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups; a multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to perform a multivariate analysis. ResultsCompared with group B at the 48-week treatment endpoint, group A had significantly higher HBsAg clearance rate (45.5% vs 0, P＜0.01) and HBsAg seroconversion rate (31.8% vs 0, P＜0.01). The population with HBsAg ＜1000 IU/ml, ＜500 IU/ml, ＜100 IU/ml, and ＜10 IU/ml had an HBsAg clearance rate of 52.6%, 61.5%, 66.7%, and 100%, respectively, and the population with an HBsAg level of 500-1000 IU/ml, 100-500 IU/ml, 10-100 IU/ml, and ＜10 IU/ml had an HBsAg clearance rate of 33.3%, 50%, 40%, and 100%, respectively. The 4 patients with baseline HBsAg ＜10 IU/ml (accounting for 18.2% in group A) achieved clinical cure at week 12 of combined treatment, and after observation to week 48, 2 patients had an anti-HBs level of ＞100 IU/ml and 2 had an anti-HBs level of ＞1000 IU/ml. The multivariate logistic regression analysis of HBsAg clearance showed that age at the initiation of combined treatment affected HBsAg clearance (odds ratio ［OR］=0.877, 95% confidence interval ［CI］: 0.781-0.985, P=0.026), and most of the patients with HBsAg clearance had an age of 36-49 (44.20±4.49) years; baseline HBsAg level also had an impact on HBsAg clearance (OR=0.996, 95% CI: 0.992-1.000, P=0.050). ConclusionThe addition of interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level HBsAg previously treated with NAs can significantly improve the clinical cure rate. The younger the age and the lower the HBsAg level, the shorter the duration of combined treatment. Age and baseline HBsAg level are more important than the duration and type of NA medication.

Objective To analyze the influence factors ofpathogenesis,clinical manifestations,microscopic morphology and histopathology in children with colonic polyps.Methods 193 cases of colonic polyps were collected in the children's hospital of Soochow University during the period of July 2010 to July 2015.According to the length of the course,all cases were divided into two groups:short-term group (6 months or less),long-term group (＞ 6 months).Results There were 131 boys and 62 girls.The average age was 4.61+2.16 years old.The average disease duration was 7.29±8.30 months (one week to 4 years).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the rate of underweight and anemia,the level of hemoglobin,serum albumin and pre-albumin (P ＞0.05);The main clinical manifestation included hematochezia (98.7％),abdominal pain (17.10％) and protruding tumor (13.47％);The colonoscopy found 197 polyps,in which 189 were single polyp (95.94％),and 8 were multiple polyps (4.06％).Nine polyps (4.57％) were in the right colon,and 188 polyps (95.43％) in the left colon.All of the polyps were divided into 3 groups:huge polyps group (＞ 1.5 cm),large polyps group (0.5～1.5 cm),and small polyps group (＜ 0.5 cm).There were 17 cases found with small polyps (8.63％),119 cases with large polyps (60.40％),and 61 cases with huge polyps (30.96％).Between the three groups,there was no significant difference in age,gender,and duration of the disease (P ＞ 0.05).Histopathologic examination showed that most polyps were juvenile polyps (98.69％),inflammatory polyp account for 1.31％.No adenomatous polyps and malignant polyps were found.Conclusions Hematochezia,abdominal pain and anal tumor are the main complains of colonic polyps in children,there was no significant difference in age and gender.The colonic polyps only have few effects on nutritional status,growth and development in children.Constipation and atopic constitution may be important factors in the development of colonic polyps.The size of colonic polyps has no close relationship with the age,gender and duration of the disease.

Objective To study the application effect of discharge planning combined with continuous nursing in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods From May 2014 to April 2015,92 cases of COPD patients in our hospital were selected as the research object,and they were divided into the observation group and the control group according to random number table,with 46 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received continuous nursing,while patients in the observation group were given discharge planning guidance on the basis of continuous nursing. The level of self-efficacy,anxiety, depression,and the treatment compliance of patients before and after intervention were compared between two groups.Results After intervention,the self-efficacy scores of safe behavior,environment and temperature, physical activity,emotional fluctuations,and dyspnea management in the observation group [(3.45±0.15), (2.96±0.24),(2.92±0.26),(2.97±0.24),(2.91±0.23)] were significantly higher than those in the control group [(3.15±0.17),(2.72±0.17),(2.81±0.18),(2.76±0.17),(2.83±0.14)] (P<0.05). The scores of self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) in the observation group were significantly lower than the control group [(21.45±2.02),(31.21±3.45) VS (35.43±2.54),(44.46±4.21)] (P<0.05). The treatment compliance in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions For patients with COPD,discharge planning combined with continuous nursing can obviously improve patient's level of self-efficacy,anxiety,depression,and improve patients' treatment compliance to a certain extent. The effect is good with strong feasibility.

Objective We sought to establish the standard operation procedures in department of cardiology.Methods According to the method of constructing standard operation procedures,the standard operation procedures for the department of cardiology was constructed through induction and consulting literature materials.Results 16 standard operation procedures for the department of cardiology were developed,including 8 SOP of common diseases to rescue,2 SOP of common operation in perioperative period,4 SOP for common instruments,2 SOP for common drugs usage.Conclusions Construction of standard operation procedures in department of cardiology can provide the basis for clinical nursing work,it can also supply methodological reference to build the standard operation procedures in other departments.

Objective To carry on the theoretical research of nursing outcomes and indicators of hospitalized patients with coronary heart diease (CHD).Methods Self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted according to the Nursing Outcomes Classification,and then using it among 14 cardiology nursing experts.Results After experts questionnaire,determined 13 nursing outcomes,63 major indicators and 38 secondary indicators,while eliminated 9 indicators.Conclusion Formation of nursing outcomes and indicators of hospitalized patients with CHD is practical,professional,systemic and simplicity,it can be used as a tool to guide the clinical nursing practice.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of electrical stimulation ES) on the induction of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) to differentiate into cardiomyocyte-like cells in vitro. The third or fourth-generation of the rBMSCs was randomly divided into three groups, i. e. ES group, 5-Azacytidine (5-Aza) group, and control group. Those in the ES group with complete medium were exposed to 1,2,4 and 6V, 2Hz, 5ms ES for 2h everyday,lasting for 10d. Those in the 5-Aza group were induced by 10 micromol/L 5-Aza for 24h, then the medium was changed to complete medium without 5-Aza. Those in the control group were only cultured with complete medium. The growth status and morphological features of rBMSCs were observed by inverted phase microscope. The mRNA expressions of GATA4, a-actin, ACTN2 and TNNT2 were determined by Real-time fluorescent quantification PCR, and the protein expression of TNNT2 was detected with immunofluorescence staining. The results showed that the mRNA expression level of the GATA4, a-actin, ACTN2 and TNNT2 and the protein expression level of the TNNT2 were significantly higher in the ES group and 5-Aza group, compared to those in the control group(P<0. 05). It suggested that ES could induce rBMSCs differentiation into cardiomyocyte-like cells in vitro.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Electric Stimulation ; Female ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Adenovirus Infections, Human ; epidemiology ; virology ; Adenoviruses, Human ; isolation & purification ; Caliciviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; virology ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Diarrhea ; epidemiology ; virology ; Diarrhea, Infantile ; epidemiology ; virology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Feces ; virology ; Female ; Gastroenteritis ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Norwalk virus ; isolation & purification ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rotavirus ; isolation & purification ; Rotavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; virology

Cobra venom secretory phospholipase A_2 (sPLA_2) is an important component of cobra venom which has a variety of biological activities. Recent studies are mainly focusing on each pharmacological active component of venom, SPLA_2 is one of them. This review summarized the structure, purification and biological activities of cobra venom sPLA_2 with emphasizing its diverse pharmacological effects and toxicity. In addition, some mechanisms of actions of sPLA_2 and possible applications of sPLA_2 were also discussed.

Aim To study effect of the extract of Fagopynum cymosum(Fr4) on the apoptosis and telomeraseactivity in human leukemia HL-60 cells.Methods HL-60 cells were treated with Fr4 and inhibition of proliferation was measured with MTT assay.Cell morphology before and after the treatment was examined with light and electron microscopy.FILC-Annexin-V and PI double staining was used to detect cell membrane-mediated apoptosis by FCM.DNA fragmentations were analyzed with DNA gel electrophoresis.Furthermore,telomerase activity was determined with PCR-ELISA-based telomeric repeat amplification(TRAP).Results The proliferation of HL-60 cells was inhibited by Fr4 with an IC_(50) of 115 mg?L~(-1).Typical morphology and biochemical feature of apoptosis was observed with Fr4 60～240 mg?L~(-1).The percentages of early apoptosis cells were increased in a dose-dependent manner.Telomerase activity was decreased in a dose-dependent manner during the process of apoptosis.Conclusion Fr4 induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells.Down-regulation of the telomerase activity in HL-60 cells might be contributed to Fr4-induced apoptosis.