0.05]. Moreover, the Qm and PI of the grafted anterior descending, circumflex, and right coronary arteries were similar between the two groups.Conclusions No significant difference exists in the graft blood flow between OPCABG and CCABG groups.

0.05). However, we found that the proportions of low Qm (5) in the patients over 60 years were significantly higher than those in the patients younger than 60. [For low Qm, IMA: 13% (10/75) vs 2% (1/46), and GSV: 13% (33/259) vs 6% (7/123), ?2=4.296 and 4.422, P

BACKGROUND: 5-azacytidine (5-Aza) has been frequently used to induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)differentiation into cardiomyocyte.OBJECTIVE: To observe expression of cardiomyocyte-related receptors in cardiomyogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs.METHODS: BMSCs of passage three were assigned to four groups: group Ⅰ: L-DMEM solution alone was replaced; Ⅱ:L-DMEM solution was replaced after induction of 100 mg/L AST+5 μmol/L 5-Aza for 24 hours; group Ⅲ: L-DMEM solution wasreplaced after induction of 10 μmol/L 5-Aza for 24 hours; and group Ⅳ: L-DMEM solution was replaced after induction of 5 μmol/L5-Aza for 24 hours. Culture medium was replaced every 3 days in each group. Differentiated cells were identified after 30 days ofinduction.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Expression of cardiomyocyte specific proteins Nkx2.5, cTnT and Desmin was detected in groupsⅢ, Ⅳ and Ⅱ after induction compared with group Ⅰ , with significant differences (P < 0.01). The amount of cTnT and Desminexpression expression was significantly higher in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ compared with group Ⅳ (P < 0.01). The level of Nkx2.5expression was significantly higher in groups Ⅱ (P < 0.01) and Ⅲ (P < 0.05) compared with group Ⅳ. No Nkx2.5, cTnT andDesmin espression was detected in group Ⅰ. After induction for 2 weeks, cells with spontaneous contractility were observed ingroups Ⅱ and Ⅲ, indicating differentiation towards cardiomyocyte after induction. Results demonstrated that induction effectswere similar between 100 mg/L AST+5 μmol/L 5-Aza and 10 μmol/L 5-Aza. This may contribute to cytoprotective effects of AST,which can promote vascular endothelial cell proliferation, enhance celss tolerance to 5-Aza-induced cytotoxicity and upregulatecardiac-specific protein expression.

Objective To investigate the effect of allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on the cardiac structure and function in rats with acute myocardial infarction. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, and stem cells group, 10 rats in each group. The model group received left coronary artery ligation to induce acute myocardial infarction, and the stem cells group received myocardial injection of stem cells after coronary artery ligation. After four weeks, cardiac function and heart tissue pathological changes were observed. Results In the model group, left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-systolic volume and end dias-tolic volume were increased, and left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular fractional shortening rate and cardiac output were decreased as compared with the normal group and the stem cells group (P < 0. 05). The results of pathologi-cal examination showed that myocardiac fibers dissolved or even disappeared, and fibric proliferation and sear occurred in the model group; in the stem cells group, the arrangement of myocardiae fibers was in disorder and there were a few pro-liferated fibers and scar compared with the normal group. Conclusion Allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can improve the cardiac structure and function in rat model of acute myocardial infarction.

[Objective] To observe the in-vitro inductive effect of ginsenosides (GS) on differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) into myocardial cells. [Methods] Marrow stromal cells were isolated from adult SD rats, and then were cultured and cloned by density gradient method and adhesive cultivation to prepare the primary MSC. The cell surface antigens of CD34 and CD44 were detected with flow cytometer to identify MSC. After subculture, the 8th generation of continuous MSC were induced by GS (250 mg/L) and 5-aza (5-azacytidine, 10 ?mol/L) and GS + 5-aza (250mg/L and 10 ?mol/L respectively) for 24, 48 and 72 hours to differentiate to myogenic cells. Meanwhile, a blank control group was set to compare the effect. After the induction, myocardial cell percentage was worked out after examining MSC count and positive cells count under the phase contrast microscope. The specific proteins of Desmin and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in myocardial cells were detected by immunohistochemistry method, and the cardiac-specific gene expression of ?-MHC (myosin heavy chain) and ?-MHC in myocardiocytes was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. [Results] The cultured marrow stromal cells grew well, spindle in shape, and their CD44 expression was positive, indicating that marrow stromal cells differentiated to MSC. After induction with GS and 5-aza, MSC differentiated to myocardial cells, and the myocardial cell percentage was 38% in GS group, 35% in 5-aza group and 39% in GS + 5-aza group, the difference being insignificant. The expression of Desmin, cTnI and MHC in MSC was positive, and MSC were spindle-shaped and looked like fibroblast, indicating that MSC differentiated to myocardial cells. [Conclusion] Ginsenosides can induce MSC to differentiate to myogenic cells in-vitro, and this will supply evidence for cell transplantation.

【Objective】To observe the in-vitro effect of panax notoginseng saponins(PNS) on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) proliferation and on inducing MSCs to differentiate into cardiomyogenic cells.【Methods】MSCs were isolated from adult SD rats,and then were cultured and cloned by density gradient method and adhesive cultivation.The cell surface markers of MSCs were detected with flow cytometer.The effect of PNS on MSCs proliferation was observed with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay.The 8th generation of continuous cultured MSCs was used to observe the in-vitro differentiation of cardiomyogenic cells.The cardiomyogenic cells were identified under phase contrast microscope by immunohistochemical method and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) analysis.【Results】CD44 expression of MSCs was positive while that of CD34 expression of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells was negative,indicating the success of the MSCs culture.After induction with PNS,the increase of MSCs was obvious as compared with the blank control group,and there existed histological changes of MSCs after in-vitro induction.The expression of specific proteins of Desmin and cardiac troponin I(cTnI) in MSCs was positive,and the results of RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of myosin heavy chain(MHC) was increased.【Conclusion】PNS can increase the in-vitro proliferation of MSCs and induce MSCs to differentiate into cardiomyogenic cells in vitro,and this will supply experimental evidence of cell transplantation for the treatment of myocardial infarction.

To explore the effects of Huangqi injection in treating angina pectoris(AP) caused by coronary artery ectasia.Twelve cases of AP caused by coronary artery ectasia received a seven day treatment of aspirin and dilthiazem(Regimen 1)and then were treated with Huangqi injection additionally(Regimen 2)for another seven days.The frequency of attack and duration of AP and electrocardiogram(ECG) were examined before and after treatment.The frequency of attack and duration of AP and ECG were decreased after Regimen 1(P

Objective To observe the effect of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction(XZD) for the intervention of myocardial fibrosis of coronary heart disease(CHD) patients with blood stasis syndrome,and to explore its mechanism.Methods Sixty CHD patients with blood stasis syndrome were equally randomized into XZD group and placebo group.Both of the two groups were given western basic medicine.Meanwhile,XZD group received oral use of XZD and the placebo group received oral use of decoction of Fructus Hordei Germinatus,Fructus Setariae Germinatus and Radix Glycyrrhizae additionally.Changes of serum precollagen Ⅲ(PCⅢ),laminin(LN),hyaluronic acid(HA),endothelin(ET) and nitric oxide(NO) were observed before and after treatment.Results Serum levels of PCⅢ,LN,HA and ET were decreased,and NO was increased in the two groups after treatment(P

In order to protect the trial subjects' rights and benefits in drug clinical trials,we must pay special attention to the risk and benefit of the trial subjects(striving to minimize the risk and maximize the benefit),ensure the trial subjects' complete realization of the clinical trials and the successive informed consent,pay special attention to the protection of the specific trial subjects,and avoid the conflict of interests.

Objective To explore the therapeutic mechanism of kidney-reinforcing,blood-activating and phlegmresolving therapy for left ventricular fibrosis of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).Methods Twenty SHR were randomly assigned to Chinese medicine group and model group.Additionally,ten Wistar-Kyoto(WKY) rats served as normal control group.After 12-week prevention,Masson staining method was used to measure the degree of fibrosis of left ventricular myocardial tissues,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to detect Smad3 mRNA expression,and Western blotting method was used for the detection of Smad3 protein expression.Results The degree of left ventricular fibrosis myocardial tissue in Chinese medicine group was milder than that in the model group,and Samd3 protein and mRNA expression levels in Chinese medicine group were lower than those in the model group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Kidney-reinforcing,blood-activating and phlegmresolving therapy can improve left ventricular fibrosis in SHR by inhibiting Smad3 expression.