Objective To improve the skills and level of TURP and peri-operative period managements to the high risky senile patients with large volume benign prostatic hyperplasia.Methods The clinical data of 318 high risky and senile patients whose ages above 80ys,ASA score ＞ 2 and prostate volume ＞ 60g were analyzed retrospectively.They underwent the treatment of TURP.ResultsTotal 318 patients underwent TURP were safe.The operating time ranged from 40 to 85 minutes,averaged 58.2minutes;the volume of blood transfusion ranged from 200ml to 600ml;No serious complications happened during and after the operation.With follow up of 1 ～ 12 months,the International Prostate Symptom Scores(I-PSS) decreased 14.7 averagely,Quality of Life(QOL) decreased 3.3 averagely,Maximal flow rate( Qmax ) increased 6.4ml/s averagely,and Post-voided Residual(PVR) decreased 85.3ml averagely.Conclusion The actions including sufficient preparations and evaluations pre-operatively,the maintenance to the stability of circulatory system during the operation,guaranteeing the demands of blood exchange in the vital organs such as heart,lungs and brain,are the key points to the success.

Objective To determine the role and mechanism of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPAR) α in a mouse model of D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (D-GalN/LPS)-induced acute liver failure(ALF).Methods Firstly,C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group(n =8),ALF 2h group(n =8),ALF 4h group (n =8),ALF 6h group (n =8).Secondly C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group(n =8),ALF group(n =8),WY14643 group(n =8).To induce ALF,the mice were injected intraperitoneally with D-GalN (700 mg/kg) and LPS (10 μg/kg).WY14643 (6 mg/kg),the selective agonist of PPAR α,was administered via tail vein two hours prior to D-GalN/LPS exposure.Two,four,and six hours after D-GalN/LPS treatment in the first study,mice were anesthetized and blood was collected,6h after D-GalN/LPS treatment in the second study,blood was collected.The liver tissue was harvested for histology and mRNA extraction.Serum levels of ALT and AST were measured to evaluate the hepatic damage.Inflammatory cytokines (TNFα,IL-1β,IL-6) and chemokines (CXCL-1,CXCL-10) were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.Differential protein expression of p-NF-κBp65,p-JNK,p-ERK,p-p38 in inflammatory pathways was detected by Western blotting.Significance of inter-group differences was assessed by one-way ANOVA,and pairwise comparison was performed by the least significant difference test.Results The gene and protein expression of PPAR α were gradually reduced during the development of ALF.Compared with the model group,the liver architecture was better preserved almost with normal morphology in WY14643-treated mice.Serum ALT and AST levels in WY14643-treated group were significantly lower [ALT:(555 ±62)U/L vs (2 898 ±822) U/L,P ＜0.05; AST:(791 ±58) U/L vs (3 013 ±997)U/L,P ＜ 0.05].The expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines was significantly suppressed during the activation of PPAR α.In the second study,the levels of gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were detected in control group,ALF group and WY14643 group respectively as followings:TNFα (0.161 ± 0.085,7.996 ± 1.068,3.346 ± 0.94,P ＜ 0.05),IL-1β(0.041 ±0.002,3.657 ±0.904,0.176±0.089,P＜0.01),IL-6 (0.018 ±0.008,1.762 ±0.589,0.163±0.0487,P ＜0.05),CXCL-1 (0.063 ±0.008,7.881 ±0.966,2.737 ±0.864,P ＜0.01),CXCL-10 (0.054 ±0.005,5.671 ±0.948,2.578 ±0.804,P ＜0.05).Conclusion Our findings first demonstrate that PPARα protects liver from injury in an ALF mouse model by suppressing inflammatory response,indicating PPARα as a potential new therapeutic target for ALF.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effectiveness and safety of pranoprofen combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treat-ment of moderate and severe dry eyes. METHODS:180 patients with moderate and severe dry eyes were divided into observation group and control group by random number table method,with 90 cases in each group. Control group was given Sodium hyaluro-nate eye drops,one drop each time,tid,and received physical therapy as cleaning eyelid,hot compress and glandulae tarsales mas-sage. Observation group was additionally given Pranoprofen eye drops,one drop each time,tid. A treatment course lasted for 2 weeks. The monocular corneal fluorescence staining score,break-up time of tear film(BUT),dry eye symptom scores,ShirmerⅠtest (SIT) before and after treatment,clinical efficacy and ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:2,4 weeks after treatment,monocular corneal fluorescence staining scores and dry eye symptom scores of 2 groups were significantly lower than be-fore treatment;BUT and SIT were significantly longer than before;those indexes after 4 weeks of treatment were significantly bet-ter than after 2 weeks of treatment;those indexes of observation group after 2,4 weeks of treatment were significantly better than those of control group at the same time,with statistical significance (P<0.05). The total effective rate of observation group was 94.44%,which was significantly higher than that of control group(78.89%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). Both groups suffered from eye irritation symptom to different extent,and no other severe complications was found. There was no statistical sig-nificance in eye irritation symptom score between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:For moderate and severe dry eyes,prano-profen combined with sodium hyaluronate can effectively control ocular inflammation and improve tear film stability. It shows defi-nite therapeutic efficacy and good safety.

ObjectiveTo improve the treatment of urethral stricture and evaluate the applicative effects of wire-guided supporting catheterization in clinical urology. MethodsDuring January 2004 and December 2005, the patients with urethral stricture were dwelled with the catheters using the traditional guideless catheterization (group A). If the dwelling failed,it will be replaced by the wire-guided supporting catheterization using the improved catheters. During January 2006 and December 2009, the patients with urethral stricture were dwelled with the improved catheters using wire-guided supporting catheterization ( group B) straightly. Compared the first-time dwelling success incidence,the incidence of catheter associated urinary tract infection and side-effect events. Then after 1 year, compared the urethral stricture recrudescence and the course of treatment. ResultsThe success incidence of first-time catheterization in group A was 48.98％ (24/49) ,and in group B was 97.94％ (95/97) ,there was significant difference between 2 groups;The incidence of catheter associated urinary tract infection in group A was 12.24％, and 8. 25％ in group B, there was significant difference between 2 groups; As for the course of treatment, group A was 46. 2w,group B was 32.7w;The urethral stricture recrudescence in group A and B were 16.33％ and 9.28％ respectively,and there was significant difference between 2 groups. ConclusionThe wire-guided supporting catheterization, which minimize the injury and simplify the operation of internal urethrotomy,could makes the improved catheter easy to induct and replace, improve the success rate of first time-catheterization and prevent the false tunnel damage and new scar expansion. It could make benefit to reduce of incidence of catheter associated urinary tract infection and urethral stricture recrudescence,but also could shorten the course of treatment significantly.

Objective To evaluate the effect and mechanism of non-steroidal anti-flammatory drags(NSAIDs) on the colon cancer cell growth by using S-nitrosoglutathione(GSNO) which can produce nitric oxide.(Methods) Apoptosis of 3 colon cell lines were evaluated by cell growth curve and flow cytometry,the PGE_2 levels in cell culture supernatants were determined by competitive enzyme immunoassay method,and the(protein) expression of COX-1 and COX-2 were analyzed by Western blot.Results The production level of PGE_2 was increased with CSNO treated concentration and time.Using 500?mol/L CSNO treatment for 48h,the expression level of COX-1 and COX-2 protein increased.NASIDs can block the production of PGE_2 but had no effect on the inhibition of cell growth induced by GSNO.Conclusions GSNO can increase PGE_2(production) and induce COX-1 and COX-2 protein expression in a dose-and time-dependent manner.Higher concentrations of GSNO also can inhibite cell growth and induced apoptosis in all 3 cell lines.NSAIDs can block production of PEG2 but NSAIDs are no effect on cell growth.

Objective To understand the impact of Qionghai Lake wetland ecological protection construction on the preva?lence of schistosomiasis,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the strategies for schistosomiasis control and prevention. Methods A retrospective survey of the construction of Qionghai Lake wetland was performed,and eleven villages around the wetland were surveyed for schistosomiasis endemic situation. The influence of the wetland project on the schistosomiasis preva?lence and Oncomelania hupensis snail status were investigated. Results Before the construction of Qionghai Lake wetland,the snail elimination and extended chemotherapy for residents was performed. After the project was finished,the roads and ditches were hardened. From 2009 to 2014,the schistosome infection rate of residents declined from 0.37% to 0. No schistosome infect?ed snails were found and in recent 2 years,no snails were found. No mice were infected in the sentinel tests. Conclusions The construction of Qionghai Lake wetland effectively eliminates snails,and interrupts the transmission of schistosomiasis. Howev?er,the environment of the wetland is more suitable for snail breeding,and therefore,the surveillance still should be strength?ened.

BACKGROUND:Acel ular dermal matrix has good biocompatibility and absorbability and exhibits superiority in the guided bone regeneration. OBJECTIVE:To compare the histological changes and osteogenic effects in bone defects after guided bone regeneration with acel ular dermal matrix and Bio-Gide membrane. METHODS:Mandibular second, third and fourth premolars and the first molars bilateral y were extracted from 12 beagle dogs. Three months later, four three-wal bone defect models in the mandible of each dog were made, and randomized into acel ular dermal matrix plus bone graft group (acel ular dermal matrix group), Bio-Gide plus bone graft group (Bio-Gide group), bone graft group, and blank control group (no treatment). In the former two groups, acel ular dermal matrix and Bio-Gide were used to cover the bone grafts, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After surgery, al the beagle dogs recovered wel . Al the groups except the control group showed dramatical improvement in histological changes and percentage of new bone area, and this improvement was more significant in the Bio-Gide and acel ular dermal matrix groups. Moreover, there was no significant difference between the Bio-Gide and acel ular dermal matrix groups. Therefore, the acel ular dermal matrix can be a candidate for bone repair instead of Bio-Gide membrane in the clinical practice.

Plasma fractionation membrane is very important in double filtration plasmapheresis. We studied a new polyethersulfone hollow f iber membrane plasma fractionator and evaluated the effect of time, transmembran e pressure (TMP) and mean shear rate on the sieving coefficient (SC) during memb rane plasma fractionation. The sieving coefficients of various proteins reached their maximum values at 40 min at the plasma flow rate QI=30ml/min and plasma filtrated flow rate QF=20ml/min. The QF increased with the increase of TMP, and the point of the intersection of the curve of the QF vs. TMP and the SC vs . TMP was regarded as the ideal condition for plasma fractionation. The plasma filtrated rate PFR=QF/QI=0.6～0.7. The TMP changed with the change of the mea n shear rate, and the mean shear rate had little effect on the SC. The data is o f significance to the application of plasma fractionation membrane.

Objective :To explore predictive value of thyrotropic—stimulating hormone (TSH) and total bilirubin (TBIL) for prognosis in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods :Accord—ing to serum TBIL and TSH levels ,a total of 156 CHD patients undergoing PCI in our hospital from Feb 2015 to Apr 2017 were divided into high TSH group (n＝72) ,low TSH group (n＝84) and high TBIL group (n＝94) ,low TBIL group (n＝62).Clinical indexes ,coronary disease feature and PCI condition were compared between different TSH and TBIL level groups.The survival condition in followed up within one year were compared between different TBIL and TSH level group . Results :Compared with low TSH group ,there were significant rise in percentages of hypertension and smokers ,Hb and SUA levels ,LVEDd and LVEF ,and significant reductions in levels of FBG and hsCRP in high TSH group ,P＝0.001 all. Compared with low TBIL group ,there were significant reductions in percentages of hyperlipidemia and DM ,Hb level , LVEDd and LVEF ,and significant rise in hsCRP level in high TBIL group , P＜0.01 all.Compared with low TSH group , there were significant rise in number of implanted stents and stent length in high TSH group , P＜0.01 both ;compared with low TBIL group ,there were significant reductions in percentage of opening lesion ,number of implanted stents and stent length in high TBIL group , P＜0.05 or ＜0.01. Incidence rates of MACE in high TSH group and low TBIL group were significantly higher than those of low TSH group and high TBIL group respectively (19.44% vs.4.76%,25.81% vs. 4.26%) , P＜0.01 both .Kaplan—Meier survival analysis indicated that no—MACE survival rate of high TSH group was sig—nificantly lower than that of low TSH group (83.33% vs.95.24%, P＝0.029) ,and that of low TBIL group was signifi—cantly lower than that of high TBIL group (74.19% vs.95.74%, P＝0.001).Conclusion :Serum levels of TSH and TBIL before PCI are related to prognosis in CHD patients undergoing PCI .Those with high TSH and low TBIL levels before PCI possess poorer prognosis .

Objective: To understand the nutritional status among Chinese students of five ethnic minorities aged 7-18 years. Methods: Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health in 2014 applied multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling, including 214 354 students from 31 province of China mainland. 73 students whose height or weight information were missing, were excluded. 25 968 minority students aged 7-18 years from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Jilin Provinces were included for data analysis, including Mongolian (n=5 107), Hui (n=5 308), Uygur (n=5 740), Zhuang (n=5 267) and Korean (n=4 546) students. According to the BMI standard of Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC) and the new students' health standard of Screening Standard for Malnutrition of School-age Children and Adolescents (WS/T 456-2014) , students were defined as wasting, normal weight, overweight and obesity groups and the nutritional status in different minorities and other characteristics was described and analyszed. Results: The prevalences of wasting in Zhuang, Hui, Uygur, Korean and Mongolian students were 6.1% (318/5 267), 5.1% (266/5 308), 3.2% (187/5 740), 2.6% (116/4 546) and 1.3% (65/5 107) in descending order (χ²=212.60, P<0.001), respectively. The prevalences of overweight in Korean, Mongolian, Hui, Uygur and Zhuang students were 15.2% (686/4 546), 13.1% (669/5 107), 10.3% (549/5 308), 7.8% (446/5 740) and 7.8% (413/5 267) in descending order (χ²=220.80, P<0.001), respectively. The prevalences of obesity in Korean, Mongolian, Hui, Zhuang and Uygur students were 15.3% (695/4 546), 9.5% (488/5 107), 5.7% (304/5 308), 4.6% (242/5 267) and 3.6% (206/5 740) in descending order (χ²=647.02, P<0.001), respectively. The prevalences of wasting in Mongolian, Uygur and Korean rural students were 1.7% (44/2 623), 3.9% (113/2 868) and 3.4% (74/2 154), higher than urban students (all P values <0.05) which were 0.8% (21/2 484), 2.6% (74/2 872) and 1.8% (42/2 392) in Mongolian, Uygur and Korean students. The prevalence of obesity in Mongolian, Hui, Uygur, Zhuang and Korean urban students were 10.8% (269/2 484), 7.6% (193/2 554), 4.1% (117/2 872), 5.9% (153/2 601) and 16.6% (396/2 392), higher than rural students (all P values <0.05) which were 8.3% (219/2 623), 4.0% (111/2 754), 3.1% (89/2 868), 3.3% (89/2 666) and 13.9% (299/2 154) in Mongolian, Hui, Uygur, Zhuang and Korean students. The prevalence of obesity in Hui, Zhuang and Korean boys were 7.2% (188/2 570), 6.0% (157/2 628) and 17.2% (394/2 282), respectively, higher than that of girls which were 4.2% (116/2 738), 3.3% (85/2 639) and 13.3% (301/2 264) (all P values <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of wasting, overweight and obesity varied by ethnic minorities in mainland China. The prevalence of overweight and obesity appears higher among mongolian and Korean students, while the prevalence of wasting was higher in Zhuang students.