OBJECTIVE To understand the factors of mycotic pharyngitis or stomatitis for patients after tracheotomy,especially related to antibiotic.METHODS Seventy patients after tracheotomy were divided into two groups.In each group,the clinical data,risk factors and culture results of oral cavity were analyzed.RESULTS The time,kind,dose,way,and combined use of antibiotic were all related to mycotic pharyngitis or stomatitis.CONCLUSIONS The longer time,the complex kind,the larger dose,and the combined use of antibiotic are all delayed patients recovering.

OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between how long to use peripheral vein catheter and bacterium colonization,then to make an approach to the optimal time duration of using peripheral vein catheter in summer season from infection prevention viewpoint.METHODS To divide the patients into four groups according to the different time duration of using peripheral vein catheter,and select 20 samples at random in every group.Make bacterial culture from skin(before sterilization,after sterilization and withdrawal of needles) and the catheter,and compare the colony number and strain distribution.RESULTS There was bacterium colonization on punctured skin after using peripheral vein catheter for a long time.The longer it was,the higher the positive rate was.After 96 hours there was bacterium colonization in vein catheter(10%) and after 120 hours positive rate was obviously higher(40%).CONCLUSIONS After using peripheral vein catheter for 96 hours in summer season,there is bacterium colonization in catheter,increasing the risk for infection,so the optimal time duration of using peripheral vein catheter in summer is 72-96 hours.

OBJECTIVE To acknowledge the important factor of bacterial infection of patients after tracheotomy. METHODS Thirty five patients′ lower respiratory tract sputa were sent to conduct bacterial culturing and determine their susceptibility to antibiotics and analyze results with statistics methods. RESULTS Total 8 main kinds of bacteria were isolated and drug resistance rate of Gram-positive cocci over 50 percent was erythromycin,that of(Gram-negative) bacilli included ampicillin,gentamicin,ciprofloxacin,and cefuroxime.The average time of antibiotics usage among 35 patients was(27?19.17) days and 12 kinds of antibiotics were used. CONCLUSIONS The time of usage of different antibiotics is an important factor to aggravate patients′ infection after tracheotomy.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of comprehensive rehabilitation nursing on patients with cere-bral infarction (CI)complicated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods:According to number table,a total of 118 CI + T2DM patients were randomly and equally divided into comprehensive nursing group and routine nursing group.Comprehensive nursing group received comprehensive nursing based on routine nursing.The evaluating inde-xes included fasting blood glucose (FBG)concentration,limb muscle strength recovery and score of activity of daily living of two groups before hospitalization and discharge.Results:Compared with routine treatment group before discharge,there was significant reduction [(7.9±4.2)mmol/L vs.(5.9±2.8)mmol/L]in FBG concentration in comprehensive nursing group;limb muscle strength recovery of comprehensive nursing group was significantly better than that of routine nursing group (≥ grade III,upper limb 83.1% vs.64.4%,lower limb 76.3% vs.55.9%);percentage of patients with activity of daily living score > 60 scores (33.9%)in comprehensive nursing group was significantly higher than that of routine nursing group (15.2%),P <0.05 all. Conclusion:Comprehensive rehabili-tation nursing could promote the rehabilitation of physical function in patients with cerebral infarction complicated type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To study the expression and significance of CEA in occult micrometastasis ofcolorectal carcinoma. Methods 287 cases without metastatic lymph nodes were observed in 54 cases ofcolorectal carcinoma by immunohistochemical (LSAB) method. Results 15 cases of lymph nodes werefound with occult micrometastasis in 8 patients. All micrometastasis was positive in detection of CEA.Conclusion Detection of CEA was conducive to detect micrometastasis of lymphnode. It is significant forDukes staging,prognostic determination and treatment.

Objective To evaluate the effect of atrioventricular nodal ablation and permanent pacing(AVNAP) or atrioventricular nodal modification(AVNM) in the treatment of atrial fibrillation(AF).Methods 32 patients with drug refractory AF were divided into AVNAP group(18) and AVNM group(14).The patients were measured the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) by the echocardiogram,tested by the 6 minu te walking test(6-MWT),assessed by NYHA function classification and the Mos 36~item short from health surrey(SF~36) before or after the treatments respectively.Results Mean follow up is 14 months.In AVNAP group,LVEF was increased from(47?9)% to(57?6)%(P

AIM: To investigate the relation between myocardial remodeling and the genesis of serum anti-?_3-adrenoceptor autoantibody,an animal model of heart failure(HF) was established and the biological effects of the autoantibody were observed.METHODS:(1) Healthy male Wistar rats were subjected to HF by constricting the abdominal aorta.(2) The anti-?_3-adrenoceptor autoantibody in the sera of HF rats was detected by ELISA with the synthetic peptide of the second extracellular loop of the ?_3-adrenoceptor used as the antigen.(3) IgG in the positive sera from HF rats was prepared using a MabTrap Kit(Amersham).(4) The effects of the autoantibody on the contractile response of adult(isolated) cardiomyocytes and on the beating rate of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were observed.RESULTS:(1) The positive rate of anti-?_3-adrenoceptor autoantibody of rats increased from 21.05% of pretreatment to 78.95% after heart failure(P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and superiority of intracardiac noncontact catheter mapping system for mapping and ablation of complicated arrhythmia.Methods 12 patients(9 males and 3 females,aged between 28 and 76 years) were included in this study.The characteristics of electrophysiological examination were as follows one was idiopathic ecotopic beats originated in right ventricular outflow tract(RVOT),two cases with idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia(ILVT),one atrial tachycardia(AT) of left atrium,two AT originated in right atrium,six atrial fibrillation(Afi) of left atrium.Among them,4 cases failed with conventional electrophysiological examination and radio frequency ablation(RFA),1 patient was reported recurrence.All patients were introduced 64 non-contact unipolar electrodes and ablation catheter to the same chamber via formal veins,reconstructed three-dimension geometry configuration,isopotential maps and analyzed the foci of reentrant activation and critical isthmus,then ablated the interested sites guided by noncontact mapping system.Results One idiopathic ectopic beat originated in RVOT near septum received segmental ablation.Two ILVT substrates located at left posterior-mid septum and left-posterior septum underwent segmental ablation.One AT of left atrium(LA) originated in right inferior pulmonary vein(RIPV) was given linear ablation between RIPV and mitral.One of the two AT from right atrium(RA) mapped the earliest activation in orifice of inferior cava vein and was given cricoid ablation;another AT originated in posterior wall of superior cava vein across crista terminal received linear lesion.One of the six Afi cases triggered by left atrial ectopic beats was given linear lesion between left superior pulmonary vein(LSPV) and right superior pulmonary vein(RSPV) during sinus rhythm;the other five cases mapped the reentrant origin site of Afi during persistent Afi rhythm received the catheter linear ablation,and the ablation lines respectively were created between RSPV and RIPV,LSPV and left inferior pulmonary vein(LIPV),LSPV and RSPV,LIPV and mitral isthmus.All patients succeeded and no obvious complication observed in operation and postoperation.None recurred during 2~26 month follow-up period.Conclusions It is safe and effective of intracardiac noncontact catheter mapping system for endocardium mapping and ablation of arrhythmia,especially for the clarity of electrophysiological mechanism of complicated arrhythmia and guiding RAF,which has potential clinical values.

Objective To report the clinical oberservation of 50 patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator(ICD).Methods Observe the patients with ICD from May,1998 to Nov.2005.Results There were more than a thousand episodes of ventricular tachycardia ventricular fibrillation(VT/VF) detected and terminated by ICD devices.Conclusions ICD with tiered therapy function has high efficacy on the termination of ventricular tachyarrhythmias.It is important to follow up the patients and dynamically optimize the system of ICD.

Objective To observe the occurrence of the complication in patients under going interventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases and analyze its causes.Methods The data records of 1015 patients with interventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases in our hospital from October,2003 to October,2004(aged between 7 and 85 years,585 males and 430 females) were analyzed.Among them,520 patients received percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and stent implantation,160 underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation,201 with permanent cardiac pacing,121 received blocking for congenital heart disease,10 received intraartery stent implantation and 29 with other interventional therapy.Results The complication occurred in 7.58% of 1015 patients.A higher incidence of hypotension and aberrant reflex has been reported(2.66% of all,mortality rate 0.39%).Conclusions Interventional therapy for cardiovascular diseases is an effective treatment with some risk.Serious pre-operational appraisal,enriching the experience of the doctors and strict post-operational monitoring may reduce the occurrence of the complication.