BACKGROUND:The traditional orthopedic fixation by C-arm positioning surface is completed, but the large C-arm injury on the human body and the long fixed time increase the suffering of patients. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the X-ray fixed in position within the orthopedic implants, navigation and effect. METHODS:Twenty-six New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into C-arm machine group and X-ray group, with 13 in each group. Rabbits in both groups were used to simulate soft tissue foreign body localization, intramedul ary nail implantation at distal fracture end and spinal pedicle screw entry point position. In the C-arm machine group, positioning navigation was conducted with C-arm machine. In the X-ray group, X-ray positioning navigation was used. The positioning and navigation effects were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Compared with the C-arm machine group, the time required for navigation in the X-ray group targeting soft tissue foreign body localization, fracture distal locking intramedul ary nail implantation and pedicle screw spinal needle point location was significantly shorter (P<0.05);navigation displacement and deviation produced were significantly less (P<0.05). (2) These findings suggested that the X-ray positioning for orthopedic fixation method is relatively simple, with high availability, and can obtain a high performance-price ratio. Meanwhile, the X-ray localization can improve accuracy and shorten the fixed time.

BACKGROUND:Cel replacement therapy as an effective strategy for reconstruction of the central nervous system has very broad application prospects.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of stereotactic transplantation of neural stem cels into the brain on the neuromotor function of craniocerebral trauma rats.
METHODS:Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were equivalently randomized into study and control groups. Animal models of craniocerebral trauma were made using the improved free-fal method in the rats. Then, model rats in the study and control groups were given parenchymal transplantation of embryonic neural stem cels and the same volume of culture medium with no stem cels at 1 day after injury, respectively. Neuromotor function of rats was assessed based on the neurological severity scores. At 2 weeks after transplantation, brain tissues were taken for hematoxylin-eosin staining, anti-BrdU, glial fibrilary acidic protein, β-tubulin III and tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The neurological severity scores in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 1 and 2 weeks after injury (P< 0.05). In the study group, there were many BrdU-positive neural stem cels in the brain tissues, some of which were positive for glial fibrilary acidic protein, β-tubulin III and tyrosine hydroxylase; while in the control group, there was no BrdU-positive cel in the brain tissues. Experimental findings show that neural stem cels stereotacticaly transplanted into the brain can proliferate and differentiate in the brain lesion, and thereby notably improve the neuromotor function of rats with craniocerebral trauma.

BACKGROUND:In esophageal cancer chemotherapy, inhibiting proliferation of tumor cels and tumor stem cels can be effectively improved by using appropriate sensitive agents.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of molybdenum on ECA-109 cel chemosensitivity and p75NTR cel inhibition in esophageal carcinoma cels.
METHODS:ECA-109 cels at logarithmic phase were selected and randomly divided into blank control group, cisplatin group, molybdenum group and molybdenum+cisplatin group (combination group). Molybdenum and cisplatin at different concentrations were used in the three groups. MTT assay was used to detect ECA-109 cel proliferation and growth; flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of P75NTR cels.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Cisplatin at different concentrations showed a certain inhibitory role in ECA-109 cels, which had an increasing kiling effect on esophageal carcinoma stem cels at dose- and time-dependent manner. Molybdenum alone had no remarkable kiling effects on inhibiting ECA-109 proliferation and esophageal carcinoma stem cels. Combination of molybdenum and cisplatin was found to have an enhanced effect to inhibit ECA-109 cels and to kil esophageal carcinoma stem cels in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was significantly different from the cisplatin group and blank control group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that molybdenum can promote and enhance the inhibitory effect of cisplatin on ECA-109 and p75NTR cels, which can be used as a chemosensitizer.

ObjectiveTo evaluate and compare the outcomes of missed Monteggia fractures in children treated with ulnar angulation-distraction osteotomy and plate fixation or external fixation.Methods Nineteen patients,including 11 boys and 8 girls who presented with missed Monteggia fracture,were reviewed from July 2005 to June 2011.Twelve children (Group A) were treated with ulna angulation osteotomy and plate fixation,and 7 eases(Group B) with ulna angulation-distraction osteotomy and external fixator.Thirteen patients were classified as type Bado Ⅰ,and six as type Bado Ⅲ.The age,the delay from injury to surgery,complications,elbow and forearm function,and the healing time of the osteotomy were compared.ResultsAll 19 patients were followed up.The duration of missed dislocation was from 6 to 36 months (mean,10 months).Redislocation of the radiocapitellar joint occurred after surgery in one case in group A.Forearm compartment syndrome occurred in one case after surgery in group B.All patients,except one,regained full elbow flexion in group A and B,various forearm pronation limitation were noted in all patients (mean,15°).The average healing of osteotomy of group A and B was 8 weeks(6-15 weeks) and 22 weeks (10-44 weeks).ConclusionThe ulnar angulation-distraction osteotomy could correct the ulnar deformity in children of missed Monteggia fractures,which is the key issue to be corrected.Both of the fixation strategies can obtain the same treatment results.Preoperative assessment is most important,plate internal fixation was recommended for young age and short delay cases,on the contrary,we prefer to choose external fixator.

Objective To discuss the value of double-row allograft bone suture anchor in repair of rotator cuff injury. Methods Under assistance of arthroseope, 16 cases of rotator cuff lesions were repaired by using double-row allograft bone suture anchors. There were 10 males and 6 females at average age of 44 years (32-58 years). According to Bigliani classification, there were 6 cases of small ruptures, 8 medial ruptures and 2 large ruptures. After rotator cuff was trimmed and acromial bone was re-shaped under arthroscopy, 2 bone anchors attached to suture lines were implanted in the attachment point of rotate cuff of humerus greater tuberosity side by side. Then, the 4 ends of the 2 suture lines were vertically sutured through tendon of supraspinatus mnscle and tied separately, crossing the 4 ends of 2 knots and penetrated each 2 ends into one bone anchor. Finally, these 2 bone anchors were embedded into 2 predrilled bone holes which were parallel to the former 2 anchors and lower in humerus greater tuberosity. Thus, a web was formed and overlapped on the ruptured rotator cuff. The number of bone anchors was according to the size of rupture. Results All cases were followed up for average 14 months (6-23 months). The mean UCLA score was (21.30±5.6) points preoperatively and (32.4±5.8) points postoperatively. The function of shoulders recovered well, with no pain, recurrence or pulling out of bone anchor. Function was excellent in 10 cases, good in 5 and fair in 1. Conclusions As for repair of rotator cuff injury, double-row bone-anchors under arthroscope can provide a tendon-bone interface better suited for biologic healing of rotator cuff. Bone suture anchor can not leave any foreign object residual and costs less.

ObjectiveTo investigate the size effect of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on proliferation and apoptosis of osteoblast-like cells.MethodsCetyltrimethylammnonium bromide (CTAB) was used to regulate the size of nano hydroxyapatite (nHAP) particles.All obtained particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM),X-ray diffraction,dynamic light scattering and chemical analysis.HAP films were obtained by slowly coating cover glasses with 1％ HAP particle suspension.MG-63 cells on three different films(20HAP,40HAP and 80HAP) were cocultured for up to 5 days.Cell proliferation assay was obtained by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT).Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometric detection.Cell ultrastructure morphology was observed by TEM observation.ResultsnHAP with diameter of 20 nm,40 nm and 80 nm were synthesized and and analyzed.The MG-63 cells were cultured on three different fihns.The optical density value of cells on 20HAP was 1.22±0.13 after 5 days incubation,and there was no different compared to the control group(F=6.843,P=0.124).Cell number and viability were significantly higher on 20HAP compared to large nHAP after 5 days incubation.The percentage of apoptotic cells increased with increasiug nHAP particle size.TEM images showed 20HAP was found in cytoplasm and cell morphology had no changes.ConclusionBoth cell proliferation and cell apoptosis are related to the size of the nHAP particles.20HAP was the most effective on promoting cell growth and inhibiting cell apoptosis.

Objective To evaluate the effect of greater trochanteric transfer for the treatment of coxa brevis in children and adolescents.Methods From August 2005 to January 2011,twenty patients (22 hips)with coxa brevis underwent greater trochanteric transfer.Among them 18 patients (20 hips) were available for evaluation,including 4 boys and 14 girls,with an average age of 11.4 years (range,7.5-15.0 years) at operation.Five cases (6 hips) were caused by Perthes disease,and 13 cases (14 hips) were caused by developmental dysplasia of hip.Four patients (4 hips) had undergone greater trochanteric epiphyseodesis ever before.All patients were fixed with tension screw after the deformity was corrected during the operation.After operation,the human plaster spica was used for 6 weeks in all patients.Results All patients were followed up for 14 to 79 months (average,31 months).At the last follow-up,fatigue or pain in the hips disappeared or improved in 13 patients.Sixteen patients had limping and positive Trendelenburg sign preoperatively,at the last follow-up 9 patients got improvement.Twelve patients (13 hips) had limitation of abduction of the hip,the average range of abduction was 25.38°±1.20°,which was improved to 45.38°±1.05° at the last follow-up.The average articulotrochanteric distance and ratio of the distance from the greater trochanter tip to femoral head center and the radius of the femoral head at the last follow-up was (17.47+3.14)mm and 2.10±0.21,respectively,there were statistical differences compared with those before operation [(-2.89±4.62) mm and 1.59±0.22,respectiovely].The average leg-length discrepancy at the last follow-up was (0.78t±0.26) cm,which had on statistical differences compared with that [(0.83 ±0.33) cm]before operation.Conclusion Greater trochanteric transfer for the treatment of coxa brevis in children and adolescents could improve the clinical symptom,recover the normal anatomy of the proximal femoral,restore the hip biomechanics environment,but could uot improve the leg-length discrepancy.