BACKGROUND:High-density lipoprotein is related to lipid metabolism, but its function cannot be restricted to the scope of lipid metabolism. Simultaneously, exercise regulation has effects on the activity and amount of high-density lipoprotein, but the optimal movement pattern needs to be studied. OBJECTIVE:To offer the theoretical support for formulating fitness training and prospect the possible direction and reference in fol ow-up studying the biological function and exercise regulation of high-density lipoprotein. METHODS:PubMed database was searched for relevant articles published from 1990 to 2015 using the keywords of“HDL and exercise, HDL and biological function”in English. Final y, 44 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The biological functions of high-density lipoprotein mainly include high-density lipoprotein-mediated metabolism of glucose, protein and fat, anti-inflammation, antioxidation and insulin secretion, and at the same time, we summarize the effects of exercise on the concentration, numbers of molecular and components of high-density lipoprotein. The results indicate that the combination of resistance and endurance training is the best way for raising the concentration and functional effects of high-density lipoprotein.

10 points or if the progressing osteoarthritis was proved by the T nnis grade.And the remaining patients would join in the satisfied group.The differences of preoperative clinical and radiographic factors between unsatisfied group and satisfied group were identified.[Result]Ten hips in the unsatisfied group had significantly more WOMAC pain score(t=3.969,P

Objective Harvest of autogenous bone from iliac crest has long been held as the gold standard for anterior lumbar arthrodesis. This technique is accompanied by an added morbidity to the pelvis. The present study was to validate the experimental result showing that harvesting bone tissue from an adjacent vertebral body for bone graft followed by replacing the defect by ?-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) plug could be a feasible procedure in lumbar interbody fusion procedure. Methods 20 patients underwent single- or multiple-level circumferential lumbar fusion with anterior cages and posterior pedicle screws in one institution. All cages were filled with cancellous bone harvested from the adjacent vertebral body, with the resulted vertebral body defect filled with a TCP plug. Results Bone grafts were successfully harvested from 28 vertebral bodies in all the patients. There was no major vascular injury, and blood loss of the anterior procedure averaged 250ml (50-350ml). One TCP plug was broken during its insertion, and one endplate was broken, both due to wrong surgical technique. These incidences did not affect the final outcome. At the last follow-up (mean 28 months), a solid lumbar spine fusion was demonstrated in all the patients. At 2-year follow up, ODI and VAS were remarkably improved (P

Epigenetics refers to non-coding sequence changes such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromosome remodeling and non-coding RNA regulation.Histone modifications include acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, ubiquitination and ADP ribosylation.The combinations of different histone modifications, known as "histone code", are dynamic during development and differentiation and play important roles in the regulation of gene expressions in spatial-temporal manners.The modification on a particular residue in a histone affects not only the modifications at different residues in its own protein but also other histones.The histone modifications is a complicated network and the regulation remains elusive.

Objective To investigate surgical strategy and outcome for cervical metastasis in different anatomical segments.Methods Data of 31 patients,who had undergone surgical treatment for cervical metastasis from 2001 to 2009,were retrospectively analyzed.Two anatomical regions were defined:upper cervical spine (C1 and C2)and subaxial cervical spine plus cervicothoracic junction (C3-T1).VAS score,Frankel grade,Tomita score and Karnofsky performance scale were used to evaluate pain,neurological status,expected survival time and general health.The improvement of symptoms,survival time and characteristics of surgical strategies for different anatomical regions were analyzed.Results Twenty-four patients were followed up successfully.An effective recovery in neck pain and quality of life was found after operation.The median survival time was 45.0 months.In upper cervical spine group,the surgical strategies included posterior occipitocervical fixation combined with 125I seed brachytherapy and other surgical methods,and the median survival time 48.0 months) of patients who underwent 125I seed brachytherapy was longer than that 22.0 of patients treated with other surgical methods.In C3-T1 metastasis group,patients who underwent combined anterior-posterior approach total spondylectomy had a longer survival time than those treated with anterior corpectomy.Conclusion Surgical treatment can effectively relief neck pain,maintain or improve neurological function and improve quality of life.Doctors should choose different surgical strategies according to anatomical region of cervical metastasis.For upper cervical spine,the main purpose of surgery is to stabilize the cervical spine; the posterior occipitocervical fixation is usually chosen,and the 125I seed brachytherapy is useful in local control of metastasis.For subaxial cervical spine and cervicothoracic junction,the anterior corpectomy is usually chosen,and a combined anterior-posterior approach total spondylectomy can be used for patients with corresponding conditions.

Commonly, the interbacterial transfer of circular plasmids is initiated by nicking at an internal sequence, oriT, followed by transferring one strand as single-stranded DNA through a type Ⅳ secretion channel on cell membrane. In contrast, Streptomyces conjugative linear plasmids, containing a free 3'-end but a protein-capped 5'-end, can potentially undergo cell-to-cell transfer by transfer of non-nicked DNA. It was reported that circular derivatives of the Streptomyces lividans linear plasmid SLP2, as well as the parental linear plasmid itself can transfer efficiently. And the genetic requirements for such transfer was described. Efficient transfer of plasmid requires six co-transcribed SLP2 genes, encoding a Tra-like DNA translocase, cell wall hydrolase, two cell membrane proteins that interact with an ATP binding protein, and a protein of unknown function. Reduced transfer efficiency of plasmid from SalⅠ R-/M-to Sal Ⅰ R/M hosts argues that transfer of both the circular and linear forms of the plasmid involves double-stranded DNA. These results suggest that conjugal transfer occurs by a similar mechanism for SLP2-derived linear and circular plasmids, and cellular membrane/wall functions in the transfer process.

Objective To study the effects of two types of crystalloids on postoperative inflam-matory reaction during the process of cesarean section.Methods Sixty patients undergoing cesarean section were randomly divided into Ringer lactate solution group (RL)and Ringer acetate solution group (RA)with 30 cases in each group.Before anesthesia,10 ml/kg crystal solution was infused, the infusion rate was 1 5-20 ml·kg-1 ·h-1 .The patients were performed epidural anesthesia in left lateral position.Crystal solution was infused to maintain the blood pressure during the operation.Ve-nous blood was drawn at the beginning of the operation (T1 ),the end of the operation (T2 ),four hours after operation (T3 ),twenty-four hours after operation (T4 )in order to measure the blood plasma value of IL-6,TNF-α,CRP.Results The blood plasma value of IL-6,TNF-α,CRP had no significant differences at T1 ,T4 ;but the value of group RA was significantly higher than that of group RL (P <0.05)at T2 ,T3 .Conclusion Ringer acetate solution causes more significant postop-erative inflammatory cytokine release than Ringer lactate solution does during the process of cesarean section.

Objective To detect the expression of ARK5 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)tissue and hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells,and to investigate its effect on the growth of hepatoma cells.Methods The expression levels of ARK5 mRNA and protein were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting in 30 cases of HCC tissue, paracarcinoma tissue,SMMC-7721 cells,and hepatic cells LO2.The SiRNA of ARK5 and negative control (NC) siRNA were constructed and transfected into the SMMC-7721 cells,and used as experimental group and negative control group;at the same time blank control group was set up. The proliferation activity and apoptotic rate of transfected cells were detected by MTT assay and flow cytometry (FCM).Results The PCR and Western blotting results showed that the expression levels of ARK5 mRNA and protein in HCC tissue and SMMC-7721 cells were significantly higher than those in paracarcinoma tissue and LO2 cells (P<0.05 ). The MTT assay results demonstrated that the inhibitory rates of growth of transfected cells in experimental group at 24,48 and 72 h were (19.39±5.42)%, (23.19±0.53)%,and (20.74±1.23)%;there were significant differences compared with blank control group and negative control group (P<0.01).The FCM results indicated that the apoptotic rate of the transfected cells in experimental group was (15.017±0.945)%,there were significant differences compared with blank control group (8.770%± 0.656 )% and negative control group (8.763%± 1.201%) (P<0.05 ). Conclusion The ARK5 expression level is significantly increased in HCC tissue and hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells;the inhibition of ARK5 expression could suppress the growth of hepatoma cells and induce apoptosis. So ARK5 maybe act as a cancer-promoting gene and induce hepatocellular carcinogenesis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value and safety of angiography and embolization in the treatment of pulmonary sequestration causing massive haemoptysis. Methods Though digital subtraction angiography(DSA), abnormal arteries were demonstrated in 12 cases with massive haemoptysis. All the abnormal arteries were embolized by gelatin sponge plus silk thread sterilized with high temperature and pressure. Results Among 12 cases of the pulmonary sequestration, 26 abnormal arteries were discovered, originating from thoracic aorta and presenting enlargement, twisting and irregular diameter with strands of middle and distal arterial segments associated with abundant vasculature network. There were several arteries supplying the lesion in 11 cases, and massive haemoptysis were stopped after embolization. Follow up for 6 to 18 months, no recurrence and no complication occurred. Conclusion Arterial angiography and embolization with gelatin sponge plus silk thread for treating pulmonary sequestration with massive hemoptysis possesses high clinical efficiency and safety.

AIM: To investigate the effects of glioma cells on aquaporin expression in blood-brain barrier and their importance in pathophysiology. METHODS: A blood-brain barrier model was established by coculture of ECV304 and astrocytes in vitro . HPLC was used to determine the change of water transport of in vitro blood-brain barrier model after the influence of glioma cells. The expression levels of AQP1 and AQP4 were analyzed by semiquatitative RT-PCR. RESULTS: Glioma cells decreased expression level of AQP4 of astrocytes and induced abnormal expression of aquaporin-1 in endothelial cell line. The water transport of in vitro blood-brain barrier model from luminal side to abluminal side was increased after coculture with glioma cells. CONCLUSION: The vasogenic brain edema induced by glioma cells may not be the result of hyperpermeability of blood-brain barrier to macromolecules in plasma. The changes of aquaporin expression may be the molecular basis of brain edema induced by glioma cells.