This study was aimed to estimate the effect of different ProDisc-C arthroplasty designs after it was implanted to C5-C6 cervicalspine. Finite element (FE) model of intact C5-C6 segments including the vertebrae and disc was developed and validated. Ball-and-socket artificial disc prosthesis model (ProDisc-C, Synthes) was implanted into the validated FE model and the curvature of the ProDisc-C prosthesis was varied. All models were loaded with compressed force 74 N and the pure moment of 1.8 Nm along flexion-extension and bilateral bending and axial torsion separately. The results indicated that the variation in the curvature of ball and socket configuration would influence the range of motion in flexion/extension, while there were not apparently differences under other conditions of loads. The method increasing the curvature will solve the stress concentration of the polyethylene, but it will also bring adverse outcomes, such as facet joint force increasing and ligament tension increasing. Therefore, the design of artificial discs should be considered comprehensively to reserve the range of motion as well as to avoid the adverse problems, so as not to affect the long-term clinical results.
Arthroplasty ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Pressure ; Prostheses and Implants ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Spine ; Zygapophyseal Joint

We observed the effect of vibration parameters on lumbar spine under different vibration conditions using finite element analysis method in our laboratory. In this study, the CT-images of L1-L5 segments were obtained. All images were used to develop 3D geometrical model using the Mimics10. 01 (Materialise, Belgium). Then it was modified using Geomagic Studio12. 0 (Raindrop Geomagic Inc. USA). Finite element (FE) mesh model was generated by Hypermesh11. 0 (Altair Engineering, Inc. USA) and Abaqus. Abaqus was used to calculate the stress distribution of L1-L5 under different vibration conditions. It was found that in a vibration cycle, tensile stress was occurred on lumbar vertebra mainly. Stress distributed evenly and stress concentration occurred on the left rear side of the upper endplate. The stress had no obvious changes under different frequencies, but the stress was higher when amplitude was greater. In conclusion, frequency and amplitude parameters have little effect on the stress distribution in vertebra. The stress magnitude is positively correlated with the amplitude.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; physiology ; Vibration

Objective:To construct sensitive indexes for postoperative pain nursing in adult inpatients so as to provide a scientific, objective and quantifiable basis for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of postoperative pain nursing quality.Methods:The sensitivity indexes for postoperative pain nursing in adult inpatients were preliminarily determined by literature study and expert group discussion. From July to September 2019, Delphi method was used to carry out two rounds of expert consultations to establish a sensitive index system for postoperative pain in adult inpatients.Results:This study constructed a sensitive index system for postoperative pain in adult inpatients with 3 structural indexes, 3 process indexes and 4 result indexes. The expert authority coefficient ( Cr) was 0.87. The expert coordination coefficients of 2 rounds of consultation were respectively 0.27 and 0.32 ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:The established sensitive indexes for postoperative pain nursing in adult inpatients is scientific and practical, which is conducive to the continuous improvement of postoperative pain nursing quality and increase patients' satisfaction with pain nursing.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the difference in gene expression profiles and screen silicosis development related differentially expressed genes(DEGs) and signaling pathways in peripheral blood specimens of rats exposed to silica dust using bioinformatics and gene chip. METHODS: GSE27023 gene expression profiles of peripheral blood samples of rats exposed to silica dust were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. After screening of the DEGs through paired-sample t-test and fold change method,DEGs related to rats exposed to silica dust was performed by Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was constructed with the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database and visualized using the software Cytoscape. RESULTS: Of the 2 767 DEGs screened,1 363 were up-regulated and1 404 were down-regulated. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that 39 signaling pathways,such as the calcium signaling pathway,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,Ras-related protein 1 signaling pathway,were significantly enriched. DEGs enrichment and significance reached the highest level in the calcium signaling pathway. PPI network and module analysis suggested that mitogen-activated protein kinase 14(Mapk14),DNA-directed RNA PolymeraseⅡ,V-erb-a erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 4,B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 4,PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase 2,DNA-directed RNA polymerase Ⅲ,neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1,histone deacetylase 1,yeast switch in mating type/Sucrose non fermentation related,matrix associated,actin dependent regulator of chromatin,subfamily a,member 4 were top 10 hub-proteins. Mapk14 had the highest node degree in up-regulated DEGs,and Bcl-2 had the highest node degree in down-regulated DEGs. CONCLUSION: We found 39 signaling pathways and 10 DEGs that are related to toxicity caused by exposure to silica dust in rats by analysis of peripheral blood gene chip data. Among them,calcium signaling pathway,Mapk14 and Bcl-2 may play important roles in the development and progress of silicosis in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the molecular mechanism of curcumin in inhibiting the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain like receptor family pyrin domain-containing(NLRP3) inflammatory bodies induced by silica(SiO_2) in mouse alveolar macrophages(AM). METHODS: AMs were isolated from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of specific pathogen free C57 BL/6 mice and divided into 6 groups. Among them, the AM of the control group received no stimulation; the AM in the SiO_2 stimulation group was stimulated with SiO_2 suspension at the final mass concentration of 50 mg/L; the AM in nuclear factor(NF-κB)inhibition group was pretreated with 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-urea-thiophene-3-formamide with a final concentration of 200 nmoL/L for 1 hour, the AM in the low-, medium-and high-dose curcumin groups were pretreated with curcumin with the final concentrations of 20, 40 and 50 μmol/L for 1 hour, respectively, and then stimulated with SiO_(2 )suspension with a final concentration of 50 mg/L. Samples were collected after 6 hours of incubation. The mRNA expression of NLRP3 inflammasome related genes such as NLRP3, Caspase-1 and interleukin(IL)-1β was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The secretion level of maturation IL-1β(mIL-1β) and IL-18 in AM was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protein expression and secretion level of cleaved Caspase-1, precursor-IL-1β(pro-IL-1β) and mIL-1β were analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS: The mRNA relative expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β, and the secretion levels of mIL-1β and IL-18, and the protein relative expression of Caspase-1, pro-IL-1β and mIL-1β, as well as the secretion levels of cleaved Caspase-1 and mIL-1β increased in the SiO_2 stimulated group compared with the control group(P<0.05). Except for the relative expression and the secretion level of cleaved Caspase-1, the other 8 indexes in the NF-κB inhibition group were lower than that in the SiO_2 stimulation group(P<0.05). Except for the relative expression of cleaved Caspase-1 and mIL-1β proteins in the low-dose curcumin group, the relative expression of all the above 10 indexes was lower in the three curcumin treated groups than that in the SiO_2 stimulation group(P<0.05). In addition, all the above indexes decreased with the increase of curcumin intervention dose(P<0.05). The mRNA relative expression of NLRP3 and IL-1β, and the protein relative expression of pro-IL-1β increased in the medium-dose curcumin group(P<0.05), the secretion levels of mIL-1β and IL-18, as well as the protein relative expression and secretion levels of cleaved Caspase-1 and mIL-1β decreased(P<0.05), compared with the NF-κB inhibition group. CONCLUSION: Curcumin can inhibit SiO_2-induced AM NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a dose-response relationship. This process may be related to the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway by curcumin and the down-regulating NLRP3 inflammasome-related genes at the transcriptional level. The important mechanism may be that curcumin directly blocks the activation, assembly, and downstream shearing of NLRP3 in inflammasomes.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between perioperative peripheral blood Type 17 helper (Th17) cells and Th17-related cytokines and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia.Methods Ninety-six patients of both sexes,aged 65-86 yr,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or m,scheduled for elective hip replacement under general anesthesia,were selected.At 3 days before operation and 1,2,3 and 7 days after operation,Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate the cognitive function,and fasting venous blood samples were taken for determination of the percentage of Th17 cells and serum interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-22 concentrations.The patients were divided into POCD group and non-POCD group according to whether the patients developed POCD at day 7 after operation or not.Pearson linear correlation of the percentage of Th17 cells and serum IL-17 and IL-22 concentrations with MoCA scores was analyzed.Results Twenty-six patients developed POCD (27.1％).The percentage of peripheral blood Th17 cells and serum IL-17 and IL-22 concentrations were significantly higher at each time point after operation than before operation in POCD group and at 1 and 2 days after operation than before operation in non-POCD group (P＜0.05).The percentage of peripheral blood Th17 cells and serum IL-17 and IL-22 concentrations were significantly higher at each time point after operation in POCD group than in non-POCD group (P＜0.05).The percentage of peripheral blood Thl7 cells was negatively correlated with MoCA scores (r =-0.867,P＜0.01) and serum IL-17 and IL-22 concentrations were negatively correlated with MoCA scores (r=-0.662 and-0.638,P＜0.01) in group POCD.Conclusion The development of POCD is related to the increase in the percentage of peripheral blood Th17 cells and concentrations of Th17-related cytokines IL-17 and IL-22 in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia.

Ferroptosis is a new programmed cell death characterized by iron dependent and intracellular oxidative accumulation. Current studies have confirmed that ferroptosis is involved in the occurrence and development of neurotoxicity injury, tumors, cardiovascular diseases and other diseases. This paper reviews the mechanisms of ferroptosis and its role in related diseases based on recent studies.

Pyroptosis is a programmed death mode dependent on Caspase-1/4/5/11, which is caused by activation of inflammasome, accompanied by cell membrane rupture, pore formation and cell content release. As a new type of cell death, it is widely involved in respiratory diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis, acute lung injury, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. This article reviews the mechanism of pyroptosis and its role in different respiratory diseases, in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of respiratory diseases.

Ferroptosis is a new programmed cell death characterized by iron dependent and intracellular oxidative accumulation. Current studies have confirmed that ferroptosis is involved in the occurrence and development of neurotoxicity injury, tumors, cardiovascular diseases and other diseases. This paper reviews the mechanisms of ferroptosis and its role in related diseases based on recent studies.

Pyroptosis is a programmed death mode dependent on Caspase-1/4/5/11, which is caused by activation of inflammasome, accompanied by cell membrane rupture, pore formation and cell content release. As a new type of cell death, it is widely involved in respiratory diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis, acute lung injury, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. This article reviews the mechanism of pyroptosis and its role in different respiratory diseases, in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of respiratory diseases.