Objective To compare the effects of invert sugar versus 10% glucose on the blood glucose concentrations of patients in neurosurgical intensive care unit .Methods This is a prospective ,randomized ,double blind and compared study .A total of 40 in-sulin-requiring neurosurgical critical patients were randomized to receive intravenous ,1 000 mL ,either 10% invert sugar (experi-mental group) or 10% glucose(control group) on their first day when they were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU ) .Blood glucose concentrations were measured every four hours and liver and kidney function indicators were recorded respectively .We’ve also compared the difference of the blood glucose concentrations changes between the two groups .Results There were significant differences in the glucose concentration between the two treatment groups (P<0 .05) ,whereas no significant differences in the inci-dences of hypoglycemia ,renal failure and hepatic damage were observed .No allergic reactions were found in both groups .Conclusion 10% invert sugar is a better choice for neurosurgical critical patients who need regular insulin infusion to control blood glucose .

Objective To develop rescue device for pilots in air accidents and solve the problem that it's difficult for medical staff to carry out on-board rescue because of the height from the ground to the cockpit edge of the fighter plane. This device with hydraulic system is multi-use: it can be joined to the plane as a ladder and tied in an ambulance as a stretcher. The medical support level of air force dump and station will be improved after using it. Methods 6082 aluminium alloy for aeronautic with advanced and matured technology was utilized to weld the principal part. The fissions can be fitted together and drawn out. The cantilever with hanger was applied. The active and diagonal crutches and the separable composite structure were also used. Results With this device, two staff can board the fighter plane to carry the wounded pilot to the sliding seat which is stably controlled by hydraulic system and then after quick sliding and separating from the device, the seat become a stretcher, and thus it can avoid the second carrying to the pilot. Using this device, the rescue work on-board become faster, more steady and safer. Conclusions This device can provide on-board rescue for pilots of forced landing in air accidents and it can be configured in a new kind of outfield ambulance for both military and civilian purposes. Because of being simple in frame and light in weight, it is easy to take or transport.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on postoperative intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with severe brain injury.MethodsNinety ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients with severe brain injury,aged 19-64 yr,with Glasgow coma scale 3-7,undergoing emergency craniotomy,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =30 each):control group (group C) and 2 different doses of dexmedetomidine groups (groups D1,D2 ).Anesthesia was induced with propofol 1.5-2.0 mg/kg,fentanyl 4 μg/kg and vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg and maintained with iv infusion of propofol and remifentanil and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium.The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation.Dexmedetomidine 0.3 and 0.7 μg· kg- 1· h- 1 were infused after tracheal intubation in groups D1 and D2 respectively and the infusion was maintained for 48 h.ICP was monitored after operation and maintained ＜ 30 mm Hg by iv injection of hexadecadrol,mannitol and glycerol fructose within 2 d after operation.Venous blood samples were obtained from peripheral vein after anesthesia induction and at 6,12 and 24 h after operation (T0-3) for determination of sertum IL-1β and TNF-α concentrations by ELISA.The clinical results were evaluated using Glasgow prognosis score at 3 months after operation.The amount of hexadecadrol,mannitol and glycerol fructose consumed during 2 d after operation was recorded.ResultsCompared with T0,serum IL-1βand TNF-α concentrations were significantly higher at T1-3 in the three groups ( P ＜ 0.05).The serum IL-1β and TNF-α concentrations at T1-3 and the amount of hexadecadrol,mannitol and glycerol fructose consumed were significantly lower,and the clinical results were significant better in groups D1 and D2 than in group C,and in group D2 than in group D1 ( P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionDexmedetomidine can reduce postoperative ICP in patients with severe brain injury in a dose-dependent manner which is helpful for improving prognosis.The decrease in IL-1β and TNF-α levels and inhibition of inflammatory response may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the influence of ursolic acid on vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) , cycloxygen-ase-2 (COX-2), and matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) expressed in the mouse retinal ischemic model , and to explore the mecha-nisms of anti-angiogenesis.Methods Sixty 7-day clean-class C57BL/6J mice were divided randomly into 6 groups [ n =10 mice (20 eyes) per group]:blank control, model control (PBS), positive control (triamcinolone), and ursolic acid (UA) intervention (low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose).Mice in the blank control group were raised in air , and mice in other groups in(75%±2%)O2 high-oxygen environment for 5 consecutive days .Mice in the model control group and breastfeeding mice were put back in air environ-ment (21%O2 ) on the 12th day after the new-born mice to induce the generation of retinal neovascularization .When models were suc-cessful, the drug treatments were applied immediately to the corresponding groups , with injection of 3μl of sterile PBS in model control group, 3 μl of 1.5, 3.00 and 6.0 μg UA in UA intervention group, and 3 μl of triamcinolone (1 ml∶40 mg) in positive control group, respectively.All mice were killed after overdose anesthesia on the 17th day.Their eyeballs were made into samples and retinal tissue pathological sections with H-E dying method.The positive expressions of VEGF , COX-2, and MMP-2 were detected with immu-nohistochemical method .The fresh retinal tissue homogenate was prepared to detect the protein expressions of VEGF , COX-2, and MMP-2 in retinal tissue with western blot method ,and mRNA expressions of VEGF , COX-2, and MMP-2 were detected with real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) .Results According to protein and mRNA expressions of VEGF , COX-2,and MMP-2 in retinal tissue among six groups , protein expressions of VEGF , COX-2, and MMP-2 in model group were significantly higher than those in blank group ( P <0.05 ) .Each protein expression in the high UA intervention group was significantly lower than that in the model group ( P <0.05 ) .Each protein expression in the high UA intervention group was not significantly different from that in the positive group ( P >0.05 ) .Each protein expression in the high UA intervention group was significantly lower than that in the low UA intervention group( P <0.05).Conclusions UA inhibited expressions of VEGF, COX-2, and MMP-2 in retinal ischemia model .UA also played an inhibitory role in the formation of neovascularization , and this role was positively correlated with UA dose .

OBJECTIVE To provide evidence to establish properly protocol for medical cosmetic institutions.METHODS Through investigation to analyze the current situation and problems of disinfection and isolation in the medical cosmetic institutions.RESULTS There were 86.7% medical cosmetic institutions located in commercial buildings.And there were 33.3% institutions with improper layout of therapeutic room,sterilizing room and dressing room resulting from insufficient space or less rooms.The illumination intensity of the ultraviolet lamp and the disinfection effect of air were not coincident with standards.CONCLUSIONS There are many problems of disinfection and isolation in the medical cosmetic institutions,the disinfection is insufficient,the ultraviolet light is in wild-using,people only focus on using,but ignore irradiation dose and distance.It is very important for strictly observing Hospital Infection Management Methods,Disinfection Technology Standards and Disinfection Management Methods,and strengthening the management of disinfection and isolation in the medical cosmetic institutions.

[Abstract ] Objective To understand the identification and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of Penicillium marneffei(PM)in yeast phase,and guide clinic antifungal application.Methods Strains isolated from blood and bone marrow of 23 patients infected with PM in a hospital between 2009 and 2016 were collected,colony morpholo-gy of PM in yeast phase was observed,susceptibility to itraconazole,voriconazole,amphotericin B,and fluconazole were detected with E-test method.Results Colony morphology of PM were as follows:direct microscopic examina-tion of Wright’s staining of tissue specimens found visible oval or round spore with apparent septum,and mainly lo-cated in macrophage;Gram staining of blood culture specimens found that strains were with bulbous and slightly curved ends,occasionally branched and with septum. PM was dimorphic fungi,presented mycelium at 28° C,pro-duced red pigment and diffused into medium;PM presented yeast form at 35° C,there were typical colony morpholo-gy. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs)of itraconazole,voriconazole,amphotericin B,and fluconazole to PM in yeast phase were 0.002-0.016,0.012-0.125,0.002-0.500,and 0.500-16.000μg/mL respectively. Conclusion Typical colony morphology and fungal spore of PM in bone marrow and peripheral blood are important features for identification. PM is most susceptible to itraconazole,followed by voriconazole and amphotericin B, while fluconazole is less susceptible.

In vivo imaging system (IVIS) is a new and rapidly expanding technology, which has a wide range of applications in life science such as cell tracing. By counting the number of photons emitted from a specimen, IVIS can quantify biological events such as tumor growth. We used B16F10-luc-G5 tumor cells and 20 Babl/C mice injected subcutaneously with B16F10-luc-G5 tumor cells (1x10(6) in 100 muL) to develop a method to quantitatively analyze cells traced by IVIS in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The results showed a strong correlation between the number of tumor cells and the intensity of bioluminescence signal (R (2)=0.99) under different exposure conditions in in vitro assay. The results derived from the in vivo experiments showed that tumor luminescence was observed in all mice by IVIS at all days, and there was significant difference (P<0.01) between every two days from day 3 to day 14. Moreover, tumor dynamic morphology could be monitored by IVIS when it was invisible. There was a strong correlation between tumor volume and bioluminescence signal (R (2)=0.97) by IVIS. In summary, we demonstrated a way to accurately carry out the quantitative analysis of cells using IVIS both in vitro and in vivo. The data indicate that IVIS can be used as an effective and quantitative method for cell tracing both in vitro and in vivo.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the postoperative pulmonary function in patients undergoing laparoscopic operation.Methods Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 45-64 yr,weighing 45-70 kg,undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer,were divided into 2 groups (n =40 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group Dex).General anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia was used.In group Dex,dexmedetonidine was intravenously infused as a bolus of 0.3 μg/kg over 10 min after epidural catheterization and before induction of general anesthesia,followed by an infusion of O.4 μg · kg-1 · h-1 starting from the end of tracheal intubation until 30 min before the end of operation.The equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group C.After epidural catheterization and before infusion of dexmedetomidine (T0),immediately before termination of pneumoperitoneum (T1) and at 1,6 and 24 h after operation (T2-4),blood samples were taken from the peripheral vein for determination of concentrations of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6),IL-10,tumor necrosis factor-alpha and malondialdehyde,and arterial blood gas analysis was performed simultaneously.Respiratory index and oxygenation index (OI) were calculated,and the occurrence of OI ≤ 300 mmHg was recorded.Results Compared with group C,the serum IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations and respiratory index were significantly decreased,and IL-1O concentrations and OI were increased at T1-4,and malondialdehyde concentrations were decreased at T1-3,and the incidence of OI ≤ 300 mmHg was decreased in group Dex (P＜0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can inhibit inflammatory responses and improve the postoperative pulmonary function in patients undergoing laparoscopic operation.

Objective To investigate the effect of preemptive analgesia with parecoxib sodium on postoperative cognitive junction in the elderly patients.Methods Sixty ASA ⅠorⅡ patients aged 69-83 yr weighing 47-73 kg undergoing elective operation on the femoral head or hip joint were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=30 each):control group (group C) and parecoxib group (group P).Their preoperative mini-mental state examination scores were more than 23.Parecoxib sodium 40 mg in 5 ml normal saline was injected iv before induction of anesthesia in group P. Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with fentanyl and tramadol was used in all patients. VAS score was maintained ≤3. If VAS score was more than 3, a bolus of fentanyl 0.2 μg/kg was given iv.Venous blood samples were taken at 1 day before and 1, 4, 24 and 72 h after operation for determination of plasma concentrations of cortisol.Cognitive function was assessed by mini-mental state examination. The total amount of fentanyl and tramadol consumed was recorded. Results Plasma cortisol concentrations and incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction were significantly lower and the total amount of fentanyl and tramadol consumed was smaller in group P than in group C.Conclusion Preemptive analgesia with parecoxib sodium 40 mg can reduce the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the elderly patients.

Objective To evaluate the incidence of postanesthetic shivering in patients undergoing radical operation for lung cancer under dexmedetomidine-assisted anesthesia.Methods Eighty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 50-75 yr,height 158-180 cm,weighing 48-79 kg,scheduled for radical operation for lung cancer under general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia,were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n =40 each): normal saline control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group(group D).Anesthesia was induced with midazolam,fentanyl,propofol and rocuronium.The patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated.Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane inhalation and intermittent epidural ropivacaine.BIS was maintained at 40-55.Group D received dexmedetomidine intravenous infusion at 0.5 μg · kg- 1· h- 1 from immediately after tracheal intubation until 1 h before the end of operation,and group C received the equal volume of normal saline.The shivering within 1 h after operation was scored and recorded.Results The incidence rate of postanesthetic shivering was 50％ in group C and 10％ in group D.Compared with group C,the incidence rate and degree of shivering were decreased in group D( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine-assisted anesthesia can reduce the incidence of postanesthetic shivering in patients undergoing radical operation for lung cancer.