Objective:To study the osseointegration of implant in fresh extraction socket with or without bone grafting.Methods:In the mandibular premolar region of 6 beagle dogs,bone defect in the size of (3~4)mm ×(3~4)mm ×(5 ~6)mm on the mesial wall of the mesial root socket was made.On control side implants were installed immediately into the extraction sockets(group A).On an-other side Bio-Oss grafts and membrane(GBR)were placed following implantation(group B).All animals were sacrificed 3 months af-ter implantation,specimens were examined for histo-morphometric analysis of bone to implant contact and new bone formation.Results:No implant was loosening in the 2 groups.New bone was filled in the bone defect areas in 2 groups.No statistical difference of the per-centage of new bone formation and bone-to-implant contact ration(BIC)was observed between 2 groups.Conclusion:With the defect in a certain size on the root socket wall osseointegration may occur between the new bone and implant without bone transplantation.

Objective To observe the effect of different concentrations of parathyroid hormone 1-34 on the adipogenic potential of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).Methods ① Rat bone marrow mesenchymal cells were separated and expanded by adherent culture.The morphology of cells was observed and cell surface markers were examined by flow cytometry.② The multi-lineage differentiation capability of cells was examined by culturing cells under conditions favorable for adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.③ Taken P3 of BMSCs for test,different concentrations of PTH1-34 (0,10-10,10-9,10-8 mol/L) were used to stimulate BMSCs respectively,14 days later,lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity were measured by enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA),mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and PPARγ-2 were measured by realiime polymerase chain reaction (PCR).④ Statistical analysis:data were presented as x±s.All statistical analysis was performed with windows Statistical Praduct and Serice Solutions (SPSS) 13.0.One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to determine the difference between groups.Least signisicant difference (LSD) was used to determine the difference between the two randomized groups.Differences were considered significant at a value of P＜0.05.Results The cells expressed CD44,CD29 but without expression of CD45.By culturing in adipogenic medium for 3 weeks and in osteogenic medium for 4 weeks respectively,and then identified by oil red O and Alizarin red,the cells were successfully induced to adipocytes and osteogenesis.Expressions of LPL were 11.20±0.16,7.62±0.48,5.84±0.57,5.32±0.52,mRNA expressions of PPARγ-2 were 2.80±0.05,1.36±0.23,0.94-±0.11,0.78±0.04,ALP activity were 0.191 ±0.016,0.333±0.024,0.549±0.025,0.684±0.021 respectively.Compared with the control group,different concentrations of PTH1-34 groups could decrease mRNA expression of LPL and PPARγ-2.ALP activity were increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion PTH1-34 inhibits BMSCs of adipogenic differentiation and promotes osteogenic differentiation in a dose-dependent manner.

Objective To explore the effect of the ongoing time of applying Musk Xiaochuan in the treatment of stable asthma and obtain the optimal therapy.Methods 129 cases of patients with stable asthma were randomly divided into 3h group (29 cases), 4h group (34 cases), 5h group (31 cases), 6h group (35 cases) according to the different applying time.The selection of points, applying frequency, treatment course remained the same, and then “dog day” was selected to apply Musk Xiaochuan paste for treatment.The asthma quality of life and asthma control pre-and post-treatment were observed.Results After applying, the asthma control questionnaire (ACQ) score difference value in 3h group was not preferable than the other groups, with no significant difference.The asthma quality life questionnaire (AQLQ) total score difference value in 4h group was significantly higher than the other 3 groups, with significant difference(P<0.05).The activity limitation score difference value and mental health difference value of AQLQ in 4h group were significantly higher than the other 3 groups, with significant difference(P <0.05), the asthma symptom score and stimulus response score difference values, health care for their own score difference value also showed significant effect (P<0.05).Conclusion The difference of the ongoing time of applying Musk Xiaochuan has different efficacy in the treatment of stable asthma, the efficacy of applying for 4h is better than 3, 5,6 h, while it could not determine the best time in asthma control.

Objective:In order to cope with the rising risk pressure on the economic operation of public hospitals,it aims to re-search and construct a comprehensive economic operation evaluation index,and improve the comprehensiveness,scientific and dynamic nature of monitoring and analysis of the economic operation of public hospitals.Methods:Literature research,expert consultation and hierarchical analysis were adopted.Results:A comprehensive evaluation model of public hospitals'economic operation covering 5 dimensions and 25 indexes,including structural optimization,controllable risk,efficiency enhancement,smooth operation and sustain-able development,has been constructed;empirical analyses of the overall index,sub-indexes and monthly indexes have been carried out on the data of some of the tertiary hospitals in Shanghai,which have verified the validity of the above index model in enhancing the monitoring,analysis and evaluation of the hospitals'economic operation,and revealed the role of the above index model in the changes of the economic conditions of the hospitals and the factors.Conclusion:Constructing a comprehensive evaluation index can effectively complement management such as comprehensive assessment and evaluation of public hospitals and traditional financial descriptive analysis.

Objective To explore the effect of tea polyphenols on the growth of human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) subgenes-immortalized human cervical epithelial cells (H8 cells).Methods Cultured H8 cells were divided into 5 groups to be treated with 0 (control group),6.25,12.5,25 and 50 mg/L tea polyphenols respectively for 24,36,and 48 hours,and then cell counting kit-8 (CCK8)assay was performed to detect cell proliferation.After 24 hours of incubation,flow cytometry was conducted to detect cell apoptosis and cell cycle,and fluorescence microscopy to observe the morphology of apoptotic cells.Results After incubation with tea polyphenols at different concentrations for 24,36 and 48 hours,the proliferation of H8 cells was inhibited,and 12.5 mg/L tea polyphenols could inhibit the relative growth rate of H8 cells in a time-dependent manner.Flow cytometry showed that there was a significant difference in cell apoptosis rate among the 6.25-,12.5-,25-,50-mg/L tea polyphenols groups and the control group (52.62％ ± 0.62％,52.22％ ± 0.72％,42.52％ ± 0.90％,45.96％ ± 2.11％,29.96％ ± 0.70％ respectively,F =272.0,P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,all the tea polyphenol groups showed significantly increased cell apoptosis rate compared with the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Fluorescence microscopy showed karyopyknosis,nuclear fragmentation and other typical apoptotic morphological changes in H8 cells in tea polyphenols groups.There were significant differences in the percentage of cells in G1,G2 phase and cell proliferation index among the 5 groups (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the 6.25-,12.5-,25-mg/L tea polyphenols groups showed significantly increased percentage of cells in G1 phase (55.96％ ± 0.72％,54.12％ ± 3.20％,65.30％ ± 1.51％ respectively,all P ＜ 0.05),but significantly decreased percentage of cells in G2 phase (3.17 ± 1.82％,4.94 ± 1.46％,4.65 ± 4.26％ respectively,all P ＜ 0.05) and lower cell proliferation index(0.44 ± 0.01,0.46 ± 0.02,0.36 ± 0.01 respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Tea polyphenols can inhibit the proliferation of H8 cells,induce cell apoptosis,and block cell cycle progression.

Objective To evaluate the stability and aesthetic effect of a xenogeneic collagen matrix(mucograft)on achieving an adequate keratinized mucosa width(KMW)around implants and to provide a reference basis for the clini-cal application of xenogeneic collagen matrix materials.Methods The hospital ethics committee approved the study protocol,and the patients provided informed consent.Twenty patients with a KMW＜2 mm at the buccal implant site who were treated in Binzhou Medical University Affiliated Yantai Stomatological Hospital from July 2020 to September 2022 were included,and a total of 36 implants were included.The mean age of the patients was(52.0±10.4)years,of which 18 were females and 2 were males.They were divided into a free gingival graft group(FGG,control group)and a xenogeneic collagen matrix group(test group)according to different graft materials.The incremental effect of the KMW on the buccal side of the implant and the mucosal shrinkage rate was measured at 1 month and 3 months after the opera-tion.The mucosal scar index(MSI)was evaluated after the operation.Results At 3 months postoperatively,the KMW was(3.67±1.06)mm in the control group and(2.96±0.98)mm in the test group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=2.076,P＜0.05).The KMW shrinkage rate was(33.34±16.30)％in the test group and(22.05± 15.47)％in the control group at 1 month postoperatively and(51.95±12.60)％in the test group and(37.44±16.30)％in the control group at 3 months postoperatively,with statistically significant differences between the two groups at the same time points(P＜0.05).Three months after surgery,the test group showed significantly better outcomes than the control group in terms of the five scar indicators(scar width,scar convexity,scar color,scar trace,and overall appear-ance),and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Xenogeneic collagen matrix can increase the peri-implant KMW and achieve a more natural and coordinated soft tissue aesthetic effect but with a higher shrink-age rate.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory virus infections in Sichuan from 2017 to 2023, and investigate the changes in detection rates of various viruses in different periods and age groups.Methods:The study included 41 516 patients with acute respiratory infections. Clinical laboratory results of these patients were retrospectively collected to calculate the detection rates of various viruses. The epidemiological characteristics of respiratory virus infections before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of mixed infections, and the detection rates in different seasons and age groups were analyzed.Results:The overall detection rate of respiratory viruses was 23.35% (9 696/41 516), with influenza A virus (8.47%, 3 515/41 516), rhinovirus (7.13%, 2 961/41 516), and influenza B virus (2.04%, 846/41 516) being the most prevalent. The highest detection rate was observed in children aged 0-14 years (48.62%, 1 429/2 939), while the detection rates in young, middle-aged, and elderly individuals were similar [21.00% (1 482/7 057), 22.06% (3 828/17 350), 20.33% (2 685/13 205)]. The detection rate of influenza A virus dropped to 1.35% (253/18 717) during the COVID-19 pandemic, and rebounded to 13.05% (1 560/11 953) after the pandemic. A similar pattern was observed in other viruses such as human metapneumovirus, influenza B virus, coronavirus, and respiratory syncytial virus, with significant reductions during the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent increases that even exceeded pre-pandemic levels. The detection rates of adenovirus, bocavirus, and rhinovirus gradually decreased over time, while the prevalence of parainfluenza virus remained stable, indicating a less significant impact of COVID-19 on these viruses. Higher detection rates were observed in autumn (28.90%, 2 324/8 041) and winter (26.52%, 4 093/15 433) as compared to that in spring (17.61%, 1 848/10 494) and summer (18.96%, 1 431/7 548), suggesting significant seasonal impacts on virus detection rates ( P<0.001). This study identified 8 666 cases of single-virus infections, 948 double infections, 77 triple infections, and five quadruple infections. Co-infection of bocavirus and rhinovirus was the most common type of double infections (17.41%, 165/948), and 59.60% (565/948) of double infections involved rhinovirus. Conclusions:The overall detection rate of respiratory viruses is higher in autumn and winter than in spring and summer. The prevalence of some respiratory viruses such as influenza viruses decreases during the COVID-19 pandemic. People of different ages can develop multiple infections with rhinovirus being the most common in double infections.

Minimally invasive surgery, including laparoscopic and thoracoscopic procedures, benefits patients in terms of improved postoperative outcomes and short recovery time. The challenges in hand-eye coordination and manipulation dexterity during the aforementioned procedures have inspired an enormous wave of developments on surgical robotic systems to assist keyhole and endoscopic procedures in the past decades. This paper presents a systematic review of the state-of-the-art systems, picturing a detailed landscape of the system configurations, actuation schemes, and control approaches of the existing surgical robotic systems for keyhole and endoscopic procedures. The development challenges and future perspectives are discussed in depth to point out the need for new enabling technologies and inspire future researches.

Genome packaging is a fundamental process in a viral life cycle and a prime target of antiviral drugs. Herpesviruses use an ATP-driven packaging motor/terminase complex to translocate and cleave concatemeric dsDNA into procapsids but its molecular architecture and mechanism are unknown. We report atomic structures of a herpesvirus hexameric terminase complex in both the apo and ADP•BeF3-bound states. Each subunit of the hexameric ring comprises three components-the ATPase/terminase pUL15 and two regulator/fixer proteins, pUL28 and pUL33-unlike bacteriophage terminases. Distal to the nuclease domains, six ATPase domains form a central channel with conserved basic-patches conducive to DNA binding and trans-acting arginine fingers are essential to ATP hydrolysis and sequential DNA translocation. Rearrangement of the nuclease domains mediated by regulatory domains converts DNA translocation mode to cleavage mode. Our structures favor a sequential revolution model for DNA translocation and suggest mechanisms for concerted domain rearrangements leading to DNA cleavage.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effectiveness of proximal femur bionic nail (PFBN) in treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly compared to the proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made on 48 geriatric patients with intertrochanteric fractures, who met the selection criteria and were admitted between January 2020 and December 2022. Among them, 24 cases were treated with PFBN fixation after fracture reduction (PFBN group), and 24 cases were treated with PFNA fixation (PFNA group). There was no significant difference in baseline data such as age, gender, cause of injury, side and type of fracture, time from injury to operation, and preoperative mobility score, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, Alzheimer's disease degree scoring, self-care ability score, osteoporosis degree (T value), and combined medical diseases between the two groups ( P>0.05). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, number of blood transfusions, transfusion volume, length of hospital stay, occurrence of complications, weight-bearing time after operation, and postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score, walking ability score, mobility score, self-care ability score were recorded and compared between the two groups. And the radiographic assessment of fracture reduction quality and postoperative stability, and fracture healing time were recorded. RESULTS: The operations in both groups were successfully completed. All patients were followed up 6-15 months with an average time of 9.8 months in PFBN group and 9.6 months in PFNA group. The operation time was significantly longer in PFBN group than in PFNA group ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss, number of blood transfusions, transfusion volume, length of hospital stay, change in activity ability score, and change in self-care ability score between the two groups ( P>0.05). The weight-bearing time after operation was significantly shorter in PFBN group than in PFNA group ( P<0.05), and the postoperative VAS score and walking ability score were significantly better in PFBN group than in PFNA group ( P<0.05). Radiographic assessment showed no significant difference in fracture reduction scores and postoperative stability scores between the two groups ( P>0.05). All fractures healed and there was no significant difference in fracture healing time between the two groups ( P>0.05). The incidence of complications was significantly lower in PFBN group (16.7%, 4/24) than in PFNA group (45.8%, 11/24) ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION Compared with PFNA, PFBN in the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fractures can effectively relieve postoperative pain, shorten bed time, reduce the risk of complications, and facilitate the recovery of patients' hip joint function and walking ability.
Humans ; Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Bionics ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Treatment Outcome ; Bone Nails ; Hip Fractures/surgery* ; Femur