Objective To investigate effect of tuberosity reduction and fixation during humeral head replacement for treatment of complex proximal humeral fractures on functional recovery of the shoul-der ioint and on decrease and prevention of complieaitons. Methods From January 2004 to August 2007,42 elderly patients(at average age of 78.5 years)with three-or four-part fractures and dislocations of proximal humerus received humeral head replacement.Cable-needle interual implant cerclage T-shape compression fixation was done in 14 patients.classic Dacron needle fixation in 13 and classic Dacron nee-die fixation plus metal band extemal implant cerclage fixation in 15.Postoperative exercises were carried out according to Neer's rehabilitation principles. Results All patients were reviewed with the Ameri-can Shoulder and Elbew Surgeons(ASES)score at the mean follow.up of 8 months postoperatively.Sta-tisticaI difierence of ASES score was found between the postoperative iniured shoulder and the preoperative ipsilateral side as well as the uninjured side.Tuberosity complication was found postoperatively at X-P in ll patients including 5 with absorption of tuberosity.4 with lateral displacement(2 posterior-lateral posi-tion and 2 anterior lateral position)and 2 with supra.subluxation of the head of prosthesis. Conclu-sions Cable-needle internaI implant cerclage T-shape compression fixation during humeral head replace-ment is better than other two methods and brings about earlier postoperative rehabilitation.which is help-ful for functional recovery of the shoulder as soon as possible.prevention of tuberosity complications and improvement of shoulder funotion rehabilitation level.

OBJECTIVE:To study the metabolite and excretion of polydatin (Trans-resveratrol-3-O-glucoside,TRG) and its metabolites in Beagle dog feces,and provide experimental basis for the new drug development of TRG. METHODS:4 Beagle dogs were intragastrically administrated TRG 20％ polyethylene glycol 400 solution 50 mg/kg. LC/MS was used to identify the me-tabolites of TRG in dog feces after 12-24 h of administration,and HPLC was adopted to determine the cumulative excretion rate and excretion speed rate of the major metabolite resveratrol(TR)in feces samples after 0-12,12-24,24-36,36-48,48-72,72-96 h of administration. RESULTS:TR and two sulfate conjugates of TR were found in dog feces,and TR was a major metabolite, while TRG was undetermined. The excretion speed rate of TR in dog feces was the rapidest after 12-24 h of administration,reach-ing 9.65 mg/h. Its cumulative excretion rate was 39.3％,equivalent to 67.2％ of TRG. CONCLUSIONS:After TRG is intragastri-cally administrated to dogs,TRG was mainly excreted in the form of TR via dog feces.

Objective To analyze the mortality in the aged patients with hip fractures who have been treated by operations. Methods We collected the clinical data of 349 aged patients (60 to 98 years old) with hip fracture who had been treated by operations from March 1999 to January 2008 in our hospital. Their overall mortality and one-year mortality were analyzed to find the causes for death. Results Thirty-one cases died and the overall mortality was 8.9% (31/349). Nineteen patients died within one year and the one-year mortality was 5.4% (19/349). Three patients died in hospital after surgery, 28 patients died in the follow-up period. Cardiac event, pulmonary dysfunction, cancer, cerebral vascular disease, hepatic cirrhosis, multiple organs dysfunction and infection were sequentially the major causes for death. Statistical results showed the factors which had definitely influenced the mortality were age and sex. Patients treated with proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) had the lower mortality than with proximal femoral nail (PFN). Conclusions Operations can lead to a low mortality for aged patients with hip fractures. Ad-equate preparation and mini-invasive surgery can reduce the mortality.

Currently, the definition, classification and Chinese nomenclature of intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) are controversial. Whether ICC belongs to liver cancer or carcinoma of bile duct is debatable, and the two terms"intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma"and"cholangiocellular carcinoma"are simultaneously used without distinction, bringing great confusions to clinical practice. Based on authoritative literatures at home and abroad, the authors give suggestions on the definition, classification and Chinese nomenclature of ICC, as well as the classification of carcinoma of bile duct, which recommend that the Chinese translation of "cholangiocarcinoma" should be "epithelial carcinoma of bile duct (cholangiocellular carcinoma)", the mass-forming type ICC should be classified as primary liver cancer, naming as"intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma"and the periductal-infiltrating type and intraductal-growing type ICCs still be classified as carcinoma of bile duct, naming as"perihilar cholangiocarcinoma". The authors recommend to classify carcinoma of bile duct into: perihilar cholangiocarcinoma, hilar cholangiocarcinoma, and distal cholangiocarcinoma.

Gadoxetate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used in clinical practice for liver imaging. For optimal use, we must understand both its advantages and limitations. This article is the outcome of an online advisory board meeting and subsequent discussions by a multidisciplinary group of experts on liver diseases across the Asia-Pacific region, first held on September 28, 2020. Here, we review the technical considerations for the use of gadoxetate, its current role in the management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its relevance in consensus guidelines for HCC imaging diagnosis. In the latter part of this review, we examine recent evidence evaluating the impact of gadoxetate on clinical outcomes on a continuum from diagnosis to treatment decision-making and follow-up. In conclusion, we outline the potential future roles of gadoxetate MRI based on an evolving understanding of the clinical utility of this contrast agent in the management of patients at risk of, or with, HCC.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 75%-85% of primary liver cancer cases and is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies worldwide. Immunotherapy is currently considered to be the most promising treatment to prevent the progression and postoperative recurrence of HCC. At present, the treatment strategies of immunotherapy for HCC are classified as active immunotherapy and passive immunotherapy, including tumor vaccine therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and adoptive cell therapy. Here we review the current clinical progression and discuss the future perspective on immune therapy for HCC.

Since December 2019, novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has been reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, and spreads rapidly to all through Hubei Province and even to the whole country. The virus is 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), never been seen previously in human, but all the population is generally susceptible. The virus spreads through many ways and is highly infectious, which brings great difficulties to the prevention and control of NCP. Based on the needs of orthopedic trauma patients for emergency surgery and review of the latest NCP diagnosis and treatment strategy and the latest principles and principles of evidence-based medicine in traumatic orthopedics, the authors put forward this expert consensus to systematically standardize the clinical pathway and protective measures of emergency surgery for orthopedic trauma patients during prevention and control of NCP and provide reference for the emergency surgical treatment of orthopedic trauma patients in hospitals at all levels.