Objective Toinvestigatethealteredspontaneouscerebralactivitypatternsinpatientswithtype2diabeticretinopathy (DR).Methods 21patientswithDRand17healthycontrolsubjectswereprospectivelystudied.Allindividualsunderwentlaboratoryand neuropsychologicaltests.Thedifferencesintheamplitudeoflow-frequencyfluctuation (ALFF)valuesbetweentwogroupswere comparedandanalyzedstatisticallyusingDPRASFV2.3andREST1.6software.TherelationshipsamongALFFvaluesofbrainregionswith statisticalsignificance,HbA1c,durationofdiseaseandneuropsychologicalscoreswereanalyzedusinga multiple-factoranalysis.Results Comparedtothecontrols,theDRgroupshowedsignificantlyincreasedALFFvaluesinthebilateraloccipitalgyrus,rightlingualgyrus,and precuneus(P<0.01),anddecreasedvaluesintherightposterior/anteriorcerebellarlobe,fusiform,superiortemporal,inferiorparietal,and angulargyrus(P<0.05).Furthermore,theMoCAscoreswerenegativelycorrelatedwithdecreasedALFFvaluesintherightoccipitallobe oftheDRgroup,whileincreasedALFFvaluesintherightprecuneusandlingualgyruswerefoundtobepositivelycorrelatedwithglycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels.Conclusion PatientswithDRshowspontaneouscerebralabnormalactivityin manycerebralregions.ALFF valuechangesinthevisualcortexareassociatedwithcognitiveimpairments.Itisofimportantvaluetoevaluatebraindysfunctionin patientswithDRusingALFF method.