Objective To improve arterial anastomosis method for renal transplantation model in rats.Methods Male Fisher and Lewis rats were used as kidney donors and recipients respectively,and left kidneys were harvested in situ.Revascularizations of renal artery were fashioned end-to-end by the modified sleeve anastomosis.The renal artery was placed in the orthotopic position and sutures were inserted in order to place the feeding vessel into the receiving vessel.One invaginating suture was placed starting outside the donor's renal artery wall,approximately 2 mm from the free edge,then passing through the free edge of the recipient renal artery,and lastly passing again through the donor's renal artery wall out alongside the point of entry.The sutures Were tied so that the recipient renal artery was drawn inside the donor's renal artery.Thereafter,one external stitch was placed opposite to the invaginating suture passing through the overlapped free distal edge and the adventitia of the recipient renal artery,and the suture the opposite side using the same technique.The renal veins and ureters were anastomosed using end-to-end interrupted suture technique.Results Twenty cases of rat renal transplantation were performed.The transplantation procedures took totally between 70-90 min.The time for arterial anastomosis was approximately(4.6 ± 0.6)mint the mean time for anastomosis of the renal vein in 20 grafts was(11.8 ± 1,2)min.and ureter was(12.2 ± 1.4)mia The successful rate of the model was 95 % at the 5th day.Conclusion New end-to-end technique which incorporatesa modification of the sleeve anastomosis is the safest way to perform a revascularization of renal artery.This suggests that the technique is feasible and reliable.

Objective To explore the surgical procedure for combined heart and kidney transplantation in rats. Methods Inbred Lewis rats were used as donors and recipients. The left kidney and the heart were removed from the donors,the donor kidney was therefore transplanted to the left side. Revascularization of renal artery was constructed end-in-end by modified sleeve anastomosis. Renal veins were anastomosed using stenting technique. Ureters were anastomosed using end-to-end interrupted suture technique. The aortic and pulmonary arteries were anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta and inferior vena cavaLewis rats receiving right nephrectomy were assigned to a control group. Results The time of warm ischemia was 10s,and the donor nephrectomy time was (30 ± 3.0)min;the removal of donor heart was(6 ± 1.8)min,the renal cold ischemia time was(40 ± 3.2)min and heart was(70 ± 4.1)min,the meantime for recipients operation was(95 ± 5.4)min,and the graft survival rate was 80.9%. Renal function and heart rate did not differ significantly between the two groups 30 days after the procedure. Conclusions The new model for simultaneous heart and kidney transplantation in rats is feasible and reliable. This technique can be applied to basic research on multiple organ transplantation immunity.

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) has a very complicated pathogenesis and male factors for this condition should not to be ignored, which are mainly related to genetics, immunology, infection, sperm quality, and others. In case of RSA, an etiological screening ought to be performed for the husband, which involves general, genetic and immunological examinations and infection detection. According to specific etiological factors, such measures as genetic consultation, immunotherapy, and traditional Chinese medication can be taken, which may contribute to the outcome of pregnancy.
Abortion, Habitual ; etiology ; therapy ; Abortion, Spontaneous ; etiology ; therapy ; Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Semen Analysis

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on post-stroke depression (PSD) with Broca's aphasia. Methods:From January to December, 2018, 60 patients with PSD and Broca's aphasia were randomly divided into control group (n = 30) and trial group (n = 30). Both groups accepted routine medicine and rehabilitation. The trial group accepted tDCS, anode over left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex, while the control group accepted sham stimulation. They were assessed with Stroke Aphasic Depression Questionnaire Hospital Version (SADQ-H) and Aphasic Depression Rating Scale (ADRS) before treatment and one, two and three weeks after treatment. They were also assessed with modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and three weeks after treatment. The adverse effects were investigated with questionnaire as the patients finished treatment or withdrew. Results:There were three patients withdrawing in the control group, and two in the trial group. The scores of SADQ-H and ADRS decreased with time in both groups (F_time > 100.643, P < 0.001), and the score of SADQ-H was lower in the trial group than in the control group (F_group = 6.891, P = 0.011), but no significant difference was found between two groups in the scores of ADRS (F_group = 2.925, P = 0.093). There was significance of interaction between group and time (F > 13.642, P < 0.001). The difference of MBI was more in the trial group than in the control group (t = 7.016, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse effects between the two groups (P = 0.5). Conclusion:tDCS is effective on PSD in patients with Broca's aphasia, without obvious adverse effects.

Objective To investivate the effects of VocaStim?-Master electrical stimulation and pharyngeal muscles training on sleep breathing parameters, clinical symptoms and cognitive functions in stroke patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods From December 1st, 2014 to November 30th, 2017, 50 stroke patients complicated with OSAS were divided into control group (n = 25) and research group (n = 25). All the patients received routine medicine and rehabilitation, while the research group accepted VocaStim?-Master electrical stimulation and pharyngeal muscles training in addition, for four weeks. Their symptoms were observed, and tested with polysomnography (PSG) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) before and after treatment.Results After treatment, the clinical symptoms improved (P < 0.05), while apnea hypopnea index (AHI) (t > 2.270, P < 0.05)and oxygen desaturation index (t > 3.044, P < 0.01) decreased, and average oxygen saturation (SaO2) and lowest SaO2 increased (t > 3.095, P < 0.01), in the research group, compared with those before treatment and those in the control group (P < 0.05), the scores of MMSE increased (t > 2.859, P < 0.01). There was no significant difference of AHI, averge SaO2, lowest SaO2 and oxygen desaturation index during the period of treatment in the control group (P > 0.05), nor for the score of MMSE.Conclusion VocaStim?-Master electrical stimulation combined with pharyngeal muscles training could effectively ameliorate nocturnal sleep apnea symptom and improve cognitive functions in stroke patients complicated with OSAS.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of anodal or cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (atDCS and ctDCS) on upper limb function of stroke patients with moderate to severe upper extremity impairment. MethodsFrom January to September, 2022, 69 patients in Zhongda Hospital Southeast University were randomly divided into control group (n = 23), atDCS group (n = 23) and ctDCS group (n = 23). All the groups received conventional rehabilitation. Moreover, atDCS group received atDCS over the M1 area of the affected hemisphere, ctDCS group received ctDCS over the M1 area of the unaffected hemisphere, and the control group received placebo stimulation. Before and four weeks after treatment, they were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities (FMA-UE), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) and modified Barthel index (MBI). ResultsBefore treatment, there was no significant difference in the scores of FMA-UE, WMFT and MBI among groups (F < 1.165, P > 0.05). After treatment, all the scores improved significantly in all the groups (|t| > 6.412, P < 0.001), and were higher in the atDCS group and ctDCS group than in the control group (P < 0.05), however, no significant difference was found between the atDCS group and ctDCS group (P > 0.05). ConclusionBoth atDCS and ctDCS could improve the upper limb motor function and activities of daily living of stroke patients with moderate to severe upper extremity impairment.

Objective To investigate the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with task-oriented mirror therapy (MT) on upper limbs function in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods From January, 2017 to January, 2018, 90 patients with cerebral infarction were randomly divided into control group (n = 30), MT group (n = 30), and rTMS+MT group (n = 30). All the patients received routine medicine and rehabilitation training. Moreover, MT group received task-oriented mirror therapy, and rTMS+MT group received 1 Hz rTMS over the M1 area of the unaffected hemisphere followed by task-oriented mirror therapy. Before and after four weeks of treatment, their motor evoked potential cortical latency (CL) and central motor conduction time (CMCT) in affected brain areas were measured, and they were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-upper extremities (FMA-UE) and modified Barthel Index (MBI). Results CL, CMCT, FMA-UE and MBI improved significantly in all the groups after treatment (t > 2.983, P < 0.05), and it was the best in MT+rTMS group, and then the MT group and the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Task-oriented mirror therapy could improve the excitability of cerebral cortex of the affected brain and promote the recovery of upper limbs motor function, which is even more effective combined with 1 Hz rTMS.

PLA-α-asarone nanoparticles were prepared by using organic solvent evaporation method, and their in vivo distribution and brain targeting after intranasal administration were studied as compared with intravenous administration. The results showed that brain targeting coefficient of PLA-α-asarone nanoparticles after intranasal and intravenous administration was 1.65 and 1.16 respectively. The absolute bioavailability, brain-targeting efficiency and the percentage of nasal-brain delivery of PLA-α-asarone nanoparticles were 74.2%, 142.24 and 29.83%, respectively after intranasal administration. The results of fluorescence labeling showed that the fluorescent intensity of coumarin-6 in the brain tissue was the highest after intranasal administration of PLA-α-asarone fluorescent nanoparticles, achieving the purpose of brain-targeted drug delivery. The fluorescent intensity of coumarin-6 in liver tissue after intravenous administration of PLA-α-asarone nanoparticles was much higher than that after intranasal administration, indicating that intranasal administration of PLA-α-asarone nanoparticles could decrease drug-induced hepatotoxicity. In addition, the fluorescent intensity of coumarin-6 in lung tissue was weaker after intranasal administration, which solved the shortcomings of intranasal administration of α-asarone dry powder prepared by airflow pulverization method. In vivo studies indicated that PLA-α-asarone nanoparticles after intranasal administration had a stronger brain targeting as compared with intravenous administration.

Spermatogenesis is a complex and precise process of differentiation of germ cells, which involves three stages: mitosis of spermatogonia, meiosis of spermatocytes and formation of spermatozoa. The process is controlled by many factors, including regulation of cyclins in spermatogenic cells, which plays a pivotal role. Cyclins form heterologous dimer compounds with protein kinase activity by binding to cyclin-dependent kinases, then phosphorylate multiple proteins and promote the orderly conduct of each phase of the cell cycle. In recent years, cyclins A, B, D and E have been found to play important roles in the regulation of spermatogenesis. This article presents an overview on the roles of these four cyclins in regulating the progression of spermatogenesis.

BACKGROUNDThe long-term effects of bone marrow-derived cells (BMC) transplantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have not been established. The present meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with follow-up ≥ 2 years was performed to investigate the long-term effects of BMC therapy in patients after AMI.

METHODSSpecific terms were used to conduct a systematic literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the China Biological Medicine Disk database from their inception to March 2012. A standardized protocol was used to extract information, and random effect model was used to analyze all data except major adverse events.

RESULTSFive trials comprising 510 patients were included. Compared with controls, BMC therapy significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (4.18%, 95%CI: 2.02% to 6.35%, P = 0.0002), while mildly but not significantly reduced left ventricular end-systolic volume (-4.47 ml, 95%CI: -10.92 to 1.99, P = 0.17) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (-2.29 ml, 95%CI: -9.96 to 5.39, P = 0.56). Subgroup analysis revealed that significant improvement of LVEF induced by BMC therapy could be observed in patients with baseline LVEF ≤ 42%, but disappeared in those with baseline LVEF > 42%. There were trends in favor of BMC therapy for most major clinical adverse events, though most differences were not significant.

CONCLUSIONSIntracoronary BMC infusion in patients with AMI seems to be safe and may further improve LVEF on top of standard therapy; especially the beneficial effects could last for long term. The findings need to be validated in the future.

Acute Disease ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Ventricular Function, Left