Objective To evaluate the reproducibility of normal liver ADC measurements by different respiratory motion compensation techniques. Methods A total of 31 young healthy volunteers who are 20 to 40 years old without any hepatic diseases were selected to research. Each volunteer underwent liver DWI twice in 24 hours with the same parameters and location. The imaging was performed with free-breath(FB), breathhold(BH), rspiratory-triggered(RT)and navigator-triggered(NT)techniques, and the ADC values of the left hepatic lobe and right hepatic lobe (upper, middle and lower) was acquired with two scans. Analysis the the ADC values of various anatomic locations of liver with two-way analysis of variance of randomized block design. Reproducibility of ADCs was assessed with the Bland-Altman method. Analysis of variance and paired-sample t test was used to assess ADCs from both right and left liver lobe among the four techniques. Result The ADC values acquired from the four techniques were significant differences (P<0.01),and the ADC values of the right lobe were less than the left lobe's(P<0.01). It showed a trend to decrease moving from superior to inferior levels in both left and right lobes, and the ADC values among The middle and lower were significant differences (P<0.01). The limit of agreement of ADC of twice imaging among the four techniques were as follow: the right lobe was less than the left lobes, and the breathhold was less the others. As the result, reproducibility in the right liver lobe was better to that in the left and the reproducibility with breathhold was better than the other respiratory motion compensation techniques. Conclusions Both anatomic location and DWI technique influence the liver ADC measurements and their reproducibility. The reproducibility of BH is the best.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of Shenwu gelatin capsule (compound Chinese ginseng and fleeceflower root etc) in the treatment on senile mild cognitive impairment.

METHOD166 patients meeting criteria for mild cognitive impairment were selected from patients in Dongzhimen Hospital and were randomly assigned into a treatment group (n = 83 cases), given 5 capsules of Shenwu gelatin capsule, and a positive control group (n = 83 cases) , given 2 capsules of aniracetam with 3 placebo capsules. All subjects took this medication 3 times a day for 3 months, double-blind and double-moulding control were used in this study. At a baseline and end (three months later), all subjects were assessed using a battery consisting of MMSE and clinical memory scale (CMS).

RESULTBoth Shenwu gelatin capsule and aniracetam can remarkably increase the score of memory quotient (MQ), P < 0. 01. They have the similarly effectiveness, there are no statistical difference between the two groups in effectiveness of increasing memory scores.

CONCLUSIONShenwu gelatin capsule has certain effects on mild cognitive impairment.

Acorus ; chemistry ; Aged ; Capsules ; Cognition ; drug effects ; Cognition Disorders ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gelatin ; Humans ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Panax ; chemistry ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polygonum ; chemistry ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of King's Brain pills (Compound Chinese ginseng extract from herbs) on the treatment and the delaying of memory decline in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a community by a year follow-up of neuropsychology.

METHOD75 patients with MCI were selected from Beixinqiao community of Beijing by a cutoff score of 0.0/0.5 on CDR and were randomly assigned into a treatment group (n = 30 cases), given 4 pills of a compound Chinese ginseng extract (King's Brain) with 2 placebo tablets, and a positive control group (n = 30 cases), given 2 tablets of Piracetam with 4 placebo tablets, as well as a placebo group (n = 15 cases), given a placebo of 4 tablets and 2 pills. All subjects took this medication 3 times a day for 3 months. Single-blind and double-moulding control were used in this study. At a baseline and a middlepoint (after 3 months), and a follow-up end (one year later) following a three months of medication therapeutics, all subjects were assessed using a battery consisting of MMSE and 5 memory items on BNPT battery.

RESULTIn the treatment group, MMSE score 27.50 +/- 1.68 was increased to 28.27 +/- 1.70 after 3 months but decreased to 26.90 +/- 1.90 after one year of the treatment. However, the latter score was higher than that in a placebo group 26.33 +/- 1.03 (P < 0.05). Verbal Learning Test score was significantly increased from 68.73 +/- 28.74 at baseline to 87.33 +/- 29.78 at follow-up point in the treatment group, which was significantly higher than that in the placebo group (P < 0.01). The total score of memory items on BNPT battery was significantly increased from 78.23 +/- 28.98 at baseline to 93.53 +/- 35.56 at follow-up point in the treatment group, higher than that in Piracetam group (P < 0.05) and the placebo group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONBoth King's Brain spills and piracetam tablets have protective effect on cognitive and memory decline in elderly with MCI.

Aged ; Cognition ; drug effects ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Memory Disorders ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Single-Blind Method

Objective To evaluate the gender differences in dose-response curve with cisatra-curium in epileptics.Methods Eighty ASA grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ epileptics were enrolled in this study.All patients were divided into male and the female groups and received the method of single dose injection under midazolam-fentanyl intravenous anesthesia.Each patient received intravenous bolus of 20,30, 40,50μg/kg of cisatracurium respectively.The neuromuscular block was measured by Neuromuscular Transmission Monitor and the responses were defined in terms of the percentages of maximum sup-pression in T1 of TOF of the adductor pollicis muscle.According to log-probit transformation of the data of dose and response,the dose-response curve of cisatracurium was established through linear re-gression.The onset time of cisatracurium was also observed.Results The ED50 ,ED75 ,ED90 ,ED95 values of cisatracurium in male epilepsy patients were 37.2±9.7,48.1±11.3,60.4±12.8,69.3± 14.0 μg/kg and that of female epilepsy patients were 36.6±4.3,47.5±7.7,60.5±14.0,70.1± 19.4 μg/kg.There was no significant difference between the two gender groups.No significant change in onset time was observed among 4 dose groups.Conclusion No gender differences are ob-served in dose-response curve of cisatracurium in epileptics.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Bone Marrow ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; CDC2 Protein Kinase ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Glioma ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy about manipulative reduction of the radialis and ulnar fractures.

METHODSFrom June 2005 to June 2009, 85 patients with radialis and ulnar fractures, 50 males and 35 females, ranging in age from 1 to 20 years with an average of 10.8 years, were treated with manipulative reduction and external fixation by small splint. There were 53 cases of direct violence, 30 cases of transmission violence, 2 cases of reversing violence; and there were 6 cases of comminuted fracture, 8 cases of spiral fracture, 21 cases of oblique fracture, 50 cases of serrated or transverse fracture. The clinical effects were analyzed according to Anderson criterion.

RESULTSForty-two cases obtained anatomical reduction and 35 cases obtained nearly anatomical reduction and 8 cases occurred re-displacement. Eight cases of re-displacement were re-fixed after manipulative reduction, 2 cases obtained anatomical reduction and 4 cases obtained nearly anatomical reduction; 2 cases unsuccessfully were diverted to open reduction and internal fixation. All the fractures obtained clinically healing with average of 42 days (ranged from 28 to 80 days). All patients were followed up from 3 to 10 months with an average of 7.5 months. According to Anderson criterion, 77 case got excellent result, 5 good, 3 fair.

CONCLUSIONManipulation and external fixation by small splint for the treatment of radialis and ulnar fractures, have advantage of less trauma, forceful fixation, quick healing, cheap cost, which can obtain satisfactorily clinical effects.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; External Fixators ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Radius Fractures ; therapy ; Splints ; Ulna Fractures ; therapy

Objective To investigate the effects of high spermatic vessel dissection on testicular morphological alteration of SD rats in prepuberty,puberty and sexual maturity phases.Methods Thirty-day-old SD rats were divided into 2 groups underwent sham operation and left high spermatic vessel dissection as a simulation of Palomo′s maneuver.Detailed morphological investigations were made at 3 different postoperative intervals among the 3rd day,30th day and 56th day.Results High spermatic vessel dissection in prepubertal rats induced acute testicular ischemia in the operated testes on the 3rd day.Most of the operated testes on the 30th day showed testicular atrophy.And all the operated testes showed testicular atrophy and sperm disappearance in epididymis on the 56th day.Conclusion High dissection of spermatic vessel in prepubertal rats induced testicular ischemia in prepuberty and testicular growth failure in puberty,testicular atrophy completely and sperm production losing in sexual maturity phase.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the possible association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (C-8343G, C-1863T and R72P) in TP53 gene and susceptibility to liver metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC) in a Chinese population.

METHODSThe genotypes of each SNP in TP53 gene were determined by either TaqMan assays or PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method in 121 colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases and sex-, age-matched 280 cases with nonmetastatic CRC as a control. Immunohistochemical staining for P53 was performed on paraffin-embedded sections. Odds ratios (ORs) for colorectal liver metastases and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from unconditional logistic regression models were used to evaluate relative risks.

RESULTSNo significant association of C-8343G or C-1863T with colorectal liver metastases risk was observed. However, the R allele of the TP53 R72P polymorphism was more frequently found in metastatic cases than in nonmetastatic cases (P= 0.037). When compared with PP homozygotes, the ORs of metastases for RP heterozygotes was 2.21 (95% CI: 1.13-4.33), for RR homozygotes was 2.26 (95% CI: 1.03-4.94), and for carriers of the 72R allele (RP or RR genotype) was 2.22 (95% CI: 1.16-4.26). Stratified analysis indicated that carrying the 72R allele had a more pronounced increase in colorectal liver metastases risk among patients with positive P53 expression tumors (OR= 3.28, 95% CI: 1.21-8.88), whereas no significantly increased metastases risk was found in patients with negative P53 expression tumors (OR= 1.37, 95% CI: 0.52-3.62).

CONCLUSIONThe R allele of the TP53 R72P polymorphism may contribute to the etiology of liver metastases in CRC patients, particularly among those with positive P53 expression tumors. Both TP53 C-8343G and C-1863T may be not associated with colorectal liver metastases risk.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; complications ; genetics ; Female ; Genes, p53 ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; genetics

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the active components of the Chinese medicine formula Shenqi San (SS) by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and electrospray ionization-hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrum (HPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS),and demonstrate the anticancer mechanism of SS on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells by evaluating the cell proliferation and apoptosis induction.The chloroform extraction of SS (CE-SS) was extracted from SS,while HPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS assay was performed to identify components of CE-SS.MTT assay was used to quantify the proliferation of A549 cells with the treatment of CE-SS.Apoptosis analysis was carried out by detecting phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization using the Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit and the stained cells were analyzed with a flow cytometer.DAPI staining assay was carried out to observe morphological characteristics of apoptotic cells.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of important signaling proteins including caspase-3,-8,-9,p53,Bax and Bcl-2.Eight compounds were identified through HPLC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis and 3-pyridine carboxylic acid,barbatin C,scutebarbatine F and barbatine D might be the main compounds responsible for the antitumor effect of CE-SS.CE-SS suppressed the proliferation of lung cancer A549 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner.By Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining,we found that treatment with CE-SS induced apoptosis in A549 cells.After 24-h exposure to CE-SS,the expression of cleaved-caspase-9,cleaved-caspase-8 and cleaved-caspase-3 protein was activated,the expression of p53 protein increased while the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 also increased.This study identified the eight compounds of CE-SS,and demonstrated their anticancer effect on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells via induction of apoptosis.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the association between p53 codon 72 polymorphism (R72P) and the risk of colorectal liver metastases.

METHODSThe p53 R72P genotype was identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method in 78 consecutive colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases and 214 age- and sex-matched cases with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer.

RESULTSThe R allele of the p53 R72P polymorphism was more frequently found in metastatic cases than in nonmetastatic cases (P=0.075). Carriers of the 72R allele had a 2.25-fold (95% CI (confidence interval)=1.05 to approximately 4.83) increased risk of liver metastases. On the stratification analysis, 72R-carrying genotype conferred a 3.46-fold (95% CI=1.02 to approximately 11.72) and a 1.05-fold (95% CI=0.36 to approximately 3.08) increased risk of liver metastases for p53 overexpression-positive and negative colorectal cancers, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThese results demonstrate for the first time that the 72R allele of the p53 polymorphism has an increased risk for liver metastases in colorectal cancers positive for p53 overexpression.

Adenocarcinoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Case-Control Studies ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; DNA, Neoplasm ; blood ; genetics ; Female ; Genes, p53 ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; secondary ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; biosynthesis ; genetics