OBJECTIVE To find out the situation of the use of antimicrobials in our hospital and to evaluate the rationality of use.METHODS To make a survey of the use of antimicrobials in our hospital among inpatients during Jan-Jun 2007,the data of reasonable use of antibacterial were obtained after evaluation and analysis.RESULTS The pay for antimicrobials among inpatients occupied for 14.16% of total consumption,mainly for cephalosporins.CONCLUSIONS The medical workers should administer antimicrobials in a more reasonable way to fight for a safe,effective,economical goal in our work.

OBJECTIVE To find out the situation of antimicrobial usage in cardiac surgical perioperative period.METHODS The use of antimicrobials in cardiac surgical perioperative patients during Jan-Jun 2007,and the data of reasonable use of antibacterial were surveyed and evaluated.RESULTS Of the 276 patients,100.00% of them had received antimicrobials involving 12 kinds,59.78% of them used one kind only and 34.78% used two kinds antibiotics and 5.43% used more three kinds.CONCLUSIONS The use of antimicrobials in cardiac surgical perioperative period is reasonable and scientific.

Child ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; ethics ; Drugs, Investigational ; Humans

Objective To summarize our experience of harvesting and using the organs of donors after cardiac death.MethodsForm March 2010 to October 2011,56 potential donors were diagnosed with cardiac death,who conformed to the classification of Maastricht Ⅲ criteria.There were 40 failure cases whose family refused to donate,and one failure case who suffered from serious infection.Finally,the success ratio of donation after cardiac death was 26.8％ (15/56).Twelve livers and 22 kidneys were transplanted into 12 and 20 recipients respectively.ResultsTwelve cases of liver transplantations had acceptable outcomes. The grafts of 4 cases out of 20 cases of kidney transplantations were removed after transplantation,and other recipients had acceptable outcomes.ConclusionCitizens organ donation after cardiac death can expand the number of suitable organs,but we need to strictly control the criteria for potential donors.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of urine Cystatin C(Cys C) for renal function impairment in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE).Methods The urine Cys C concentration was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in 47 cases of HIE newborns(25 cases were mild HIE and 22 cases were moderate-severe HIE) within 3 days after their birth.Twenty-three cases without perinatal asphyxia or other factors which could result in renal function impairment were selected as control group.Urine Cys C with urine retinal-bindingprotein(RBP),?2-microglobulin(?2-MG) and fractional sodium excretion(FENa%) were analyzed by kolmogorov-smirno in each group.Results Compared with control group,the concentration of urine Cys C,RBP and the levels of FENa% in HIE newborns were significantly elevated.The levels of urine Cys C in moderate-severe HIE newborns were significantly higher than those in mild HIE newborns(Pa

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of phospholipase C-gamma 1 (PLC-gamma1) alternative splicing variants in rats.

METHODSAccording to the sequence of human PLCG1 splicing variant, specific primers for rat PLC-gamma1 were designed and synthesized. The rat RNA was reverse transcribed into cDNA, which was amplified using the specific primers, and the PCR products were sequenced and analyzed using BLAST and bioinformatics methods. Totally 21 rat tissue samples were examined, including the heart, liver, lung, kidney, eyeball, and brain obtained in 3 different embryonic stages, 7 different early postnatal stages, and in adulthood.

RESULTSThe result did not show that rat PLC-gamma1 had the same splicing variant (PLC-gamma1a, NM_002660) as human does.

CONCLUSIONSThe same splicing variant of PLC-gamma1 detectable in human may not exist in rats, and the pre-mRNA may undergo splicing resulting predominantly in PLC-gamma1b mRNA. Very likely, the alternative splicing site of rat PLC-gamma1 is not identical to that of human.

Alternative Splicing ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phospholipase C gamma ; genetics ; RNA Precursors ; genetics ; RNA Splice Sites ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Hepatitis C ; etiology ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; Secondary Prevention

Objective To outline the research fronts of ten major sub-specialties in internal medicine.Methods Based on their impact factor scores and the proportion of the journals of 10 subspecialties (endocrinology & metabolism,cardiac & cardiovascular systems,hematology,infectious diseases,nephrology,gastroenterology & hepatology,respiratory system,rheumatology,critical care medicine,clinical neurology) in Journal Citation Report (JCR),and careful consulation of expert clinicians,we identified 50 journals.Their bibliographic records (including references) published in 2011 were downloaded,and the frequency of the references (citations) in each sub-specialty was counted and the highly cited records were extracted.We performed a clustering analysis according to the co-cited times among any pairs of the highly cited records.To tag each cluster of highly cited records,we browsed the titles and abstracts of all highly cited records in the same cluster,and concluded the main topics of each cluster.Finally,we extracted the current published papers devoted to particular cluster by some clustering analysis indicators.The clusters of highly cited records were considered as the intelligence base,and the main topics in current papers which citing these highly cited papers were considered as research fronts.Results Totally 50 journals on 10 sub-specialties in internal medicine were identified.A total of 202 highly cited papers,38 clusters (knowledge bases),and 152 corresponding current citing papers presenting the research fronts were selected.Conclusions We confirm and present research fronts in 10 major sub-specialties of internal medicine.This study provides a synchronic structure of contemporary research activities in internal medicine sub-specialties.

Objective To measure the levels of cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies responding to various subtypes of HIV-1 strains in people with HIV-1 infection in Chongqing and to analyze their character-istics.Methods Two hundred and thirty-six plasma samples were collected from patients with chronic HIV-1 infection in Chongqing city.The single-round-infection assay in TZM-bl cells were performed to screen the plasma samples with cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against various subtypes of HIV-1 strains by using HIV-1 pseudovirus strains and to measure the 50%inhibitory dose ( ID50 ) .Results Eight-een out of 236 (7.63%) plasma samples were able to neutralize various B subtypes and/or C subtypes of HIV-1 pseudovirus strains, among which 15 plasma samples showed the great ability to neutralize pseudovir-us strains of different subtypes.Conclusion The cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against various sub-types of HIV-1 strains existed in plasma samples collected from people with chronic HIV-1 infection in Chongqing city.

Objective To investigate the assciation between hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Methods One hundred and forty-nine T2DM patients were divided into hypertriglyceridemia (n =88) and normal-triglyceridemia (n =61) groups according to triglyceridemia levels,waist circumference (WC),waist to height ratio (WHtR),fasting blood-glucose (FPG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1 c),uric acid (UA),total cholesterol (TC),fasting insulin (FINS) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were measured and compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the normal-triglyceridemia group,The levels of WC,WHtR,UA,TC,FINS and HOMA-IR of patients in the thypertri-glyceridemia group were significantly higher (Hypertriglyceridemia group:WC(89.51 ±10.31) cm,WHtR 0.55 ±0.06,UA(316.95 ±88.50) μmol/L,TC(5.74 ± 1.72) mmol/L,FINS (8.63 ± 4.91) μU/L,HOMA-IR 4.48 ± 3.14 ; Normal-triglyceridemia group:WC (86.31 ± 7.98) cm,WHtR 0.53 ± 0.05,Uric(275.48 ± 88.36) μmol/L,TC (5.15 ± 1.13) mmol/L,FINS (6.20 ± 3.89) μU/L,HOMA-IR 3.38 ± 2.76; t value were 2.133,2.315,2.815,2.349,2.364,2.221 ; P ＜ 0.05) ; HOMA-IR correlated positively with WC (r =0.233,P ＜ 0.01),WHtR(r =0.268,P ＜ 0.01),BMI (r =0.161,P ＜ 0.05),FPG(r=0.442,P ＜0.01),AST(r=0.169,P ＜0.0S),UA (r =0.907,P ＜0.01),TG(r =0.220,P ＜0.01)and FINS(r =0.907,P ＜0.01).Conclusion T2DM with hypertriglyceridemia increased insulin resistance.