The metabolism study of radiolabeled drugs plays an important role in the development of new drugs. It provides information on drug absorption, metabolism, tissue distribution and excretion, and plays an irreplaceable role in the metabolite safety evaluation and mass balance of new drugs. The new guidance draft on clinical trials of radiolabeled drugs recently released by the US FDA puts forward higher standards and has been widely concerned by the industry. In recent years, in the research and development of new drugs in China, ¹⁴C labeled drugs have been used to carry out clinical metabolism studies, which has overcome key technical bottlenecks and accumulated experience. This paper summarizes the above research progress, analyzes the existing problems, and preliminarily looks forward to the future technological development and application.

Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Occupational Health Services

Archives ; Humans ; Occupational Health

Objective To study the state of erythrocyte immune function in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia,and analyze the influence of various clinical status on erythrocyte immune function.Methods Fifty-two neonates with hyperbilirubinemia were enrolled and 104 healthy neonates as the control group.The adherence rate of complement 3b-receptor on the surface of red blood cell(RBC-C3bRR) and the immune complex adherence rate of red blood cell(RBC-ICR) were detected with erythrocyte saccha-romycete rosettet test.Results 1.The level of RBC-C3bRR in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia was lower than that in control group,and the level of RBC-ICR in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia was higher than that of control group(Pa0.05).3.Comparing the neonates with unconjugated bilirubin of different concentrations,there were significant difference in RBC-ICR(Pa0.05).4.There were positive correlation between RBC-ICR and bilirubin,unconjugated bilirubin in the neonates(Pa0.05).Conclusion Erythrocyte immune function in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia is obviously lower than that of control group and it is influenced by the concentratron of bilirubin and the time of phototherapy.

Adult ; Brain Diseases ; chemically induced ; Ethylene Dichlorides ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; chemically induced

Anemia, Hemolytic ; etiology ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Trichlorfon ; poisoning

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Silicosis ; blood ; classification ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo compare orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT)and combined liverkidney transplantation (CLKT) in the treatment of severe hepatitis B.MethodsIn this study 52 patients of severe hepatitis B were allocated to OLT (40 cases) or CLKT( 12 cases) at our department from Jan.2001 to Sep.2005.The perioperative complications and the result of follow-up were analyzed.ResultsThe preoperative renal functions in CLKT cases were severer than that in OLT cases.Postoperative severe infection was more common in CLKT cases than that in OLT cases.In OLT group 28 patients (70％)suffered from early posttransplant renal dysfunction,among them 11 patients needed dialysis,whilst there were 2 (16.7％ ) patients who needed dialysis in CLKT group (P ＜0.01 ).The posttransplant mortality in OLT group was 40％ ( n =16),significantly higher than that in CLKT ( 16.7％,n =2) ( P ＜ 0.01 ).In OLT group,9 cases developed severe renal failure and died.No one died of renal failure in CLKT group.ConclusionsThe prognosis is more favorable to perform CLKT in patients who suffered from severe hepatitis B with chronic renal dysfunction before transplantation.

Objective To assess the value of ultrasound examination in transvaginal diagnosis of normal fetal heart with 11-14 weeks of gestation.Methods Totally 158 cases of normal fetal heart with high risk pregnancy and nuchal translucency thickness were examined by two ultrasoud approaches:transvaginal(TVS) and tranabdomina(TAS) in 11-14 weeks of gestation.Results The group of TVS was obviously clearer than TAS by displaying the normal fetal cardiac structural in 12 week of gestation and 13-14 weeks of gestation with significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05),respectively.No significant difference between the two groups in 11 week of gestation was observed.Conclusion The transvaginal echocardiogram is of clinical value in the high risk gravida during the late first and the early second trimester.

3T3-L1 adipocytes were cultured with various concentrations of high-density lipoprotein ( HDL, 0, 10, 50, and 100 μg/ml ) for 16 h and with lipopolysaccharide ( LPS, 100 ng/ml ) for another 6 h. Interleukin-8 in the medium was determined by ELISA, and PPAR-γ mRNA expression by reverse transacription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Interleukin-8 levels were increased in LPS-treated cells ( P＜0.05 ), but decreased in HDL-treated cells in the dose-dependent manner. PPARγ mRNA expressions were increased in HDL-treated groups than those treated only with LPS. These results suggested HDL may decrease interleukin-8 secretion via up-regulating PPARγ expression in adipocytes.