· AlM:To investigate the effect of compound anisodine on fundus blood circulation after vitrectomy with face-down position.
· METHODS: Sixty patients ( 60 eyes ) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment received vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade operation, who were randomized divided into treatment group ( 30 eyes ) and control group ( 30 eyes ) .The patients in the treatment group received the subcutaneously injection of compound anisodine hydrobromide by the superficial temporal artery once daily for 14d since postoperative first day.Retinal microcirculation blood flow parameters were recorded with Heidelberg retinal flowmeter postoperative 1d, 1 and 2wk, and were compared between two groups.
·RESULTS: The blood flow parameters ( Vol, Flw, Vel) of control group postoperative 1 and 2wk were significantly less than those postoperative 1d.Otherwise the parameters of treatment postoperative 1 and 2wk were significantly more than those postoperative 1d. The parameters between two groups were significant different ( P<0.01) .
· CONCLUSlON: Facing down after vitrectomy with
silicone oil tamponade may reduce retinal blood supply, consequently lead to retinal ischemia; compound anisodine can effectively improve the retinal and choroidal microcirculation after vitrectomy with face-down posture, reduce retinal ischemia, and enhance the visual function.

With the development of natural products, the research activities on the solubilization methods of water-insoluble natural products have been carried out worldwide. Big molecular weight and poor solubility of most natural active ingredients lead to a very poor oral absorption and low bioavailability, which has extremely limited their development in pharmaceutical fields and clinical application. As a result, it is necessary to find out a suitable technique to improve the solubility and enhance the oral bioavailability of insoluble natural drugs. Based on the related references published in these years, this review introduced some new techniques to improve the solubility and bioavailability of natural drugs, including prodrugs, inclusion complex, solid dispersion, cocrystals, osmotic pump, liquisolid compacts, micronization, self-microemulsifying, nanosuspensions, lipsomes, polymeric micelles and so on, and summarized the theory, characteristics, application range, application examples, problems and development direction of each technique.
Administration, Oral ; Biological Availability ; Biological Products ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; trends ; Solubility ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; trends ; Water

Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Otitis Media ; microbiology ; Tuberculosis

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effect of microwave radiation at different intensities on the rat myocardium and its possible mechanism.METHODS:The rats were radiated by the intensity of 500, 1 000, 1 500 and 2 000 W/m2 with 2 450 MHz microwave for 6 min.The heart tissue was collected 6 h after microwave radiation.ATP and mitochondria complexⅣandⅤwere measured.The changes of the tissue structures were observed under transmission electron micro-scope.The apoptosis of the myocardial cells was detected by a cell analyzer.The protein level of cleaved caspase-3 was de-termined by Western blotting.RESULTS:The concentration of ATP and activity of mitochondria complexⅣandⅤsigni-ficantly decreased compared with control group in the cardiac tissues.The decreased number, morphological abnormalities such as dissolved cavitation, matrix and obvious tumefaction of mitochondria were observed under transmission electron mi-croscope.The microwave radiation induced the apoptosis of myocardial cells in the rats.The cell apoptotic rate and the pro-tein level of cleaved caspase-3 increased with increasing intensity of microwave radiation ( P<0.05 ) .CONCLUSION:Microwave radiation has obvious injury effect on the rat heart, which can cause cardiac energy metabolism dysregulation and cardiac myocyte apoptosis.

Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis

?AIM: To observe the clinical curative effect of the intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF antibody combined with the implantation of Ex-press glaucoma drainage device for neovascular glaucoma ( NG) .?METHODS:A retrospective analysis of 20 patients with NG, who got the intravitreal injection of anti -VEGF antibody combined with the implantation of Ex-press. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure ( IOP ) , iris neovascularization fade and intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed at 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo postoperatively.?RESULTS:The average IOPs of 20 patients were 47 ± 5.6mmHg, 13.4 ±3.6mmHg, 15.3 ±4.2mmHg, 16.9 ± 5.3mmHg and 18.7 ±6.9mmHg preoperatively and postoperatively 1wk, 1mo, 3mo and 6mo with statistical difference (P<0.05).The intraoperative and postoperative complications of the implantation of Ex-press mainly included early shallow anterior chamber, drainage tube obstruction, filtering bleb scarring. There were 8 eyes with filtering bleb scarring with normal IOP.?CONCLUSION: The intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF antibody combined with implantation of Ex -press is effective for NG, which can significantly reduce the IOP.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of rosiglitazone on chemokines secretion in renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods Cells were divided into four groups: control (CON), LPS (1 mg/L),rosiglitazone (10 μmol/L), rosiglitazone (10 μmol/L) +LPS (1 mg/L). MCP-1 and IL-8 expression was measured using real time PCR and ELISA. PPARγ was knockdown by RNAi to investigate whether the inhibitory effect of rosiglitazone was PPARγ-dependent or -independent. The NF-κB in nucleus was detected by Western blotting. The DNA binding activity of NF-κB was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Results Compared with CON group, the expressions of IL-8 and MCP-1 were increased by (4.30±0.45) and (4.80±1.29) times in mRNA level, (1.39±0.18)and (2.11 ±0.47) times in protein level, respectively, in LPS-stimulated HK-2 cells (P＜0.05).Application of rosiglitazone followed by LPS significantly reduced IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion compared with LPS group (decreasing by 66.37% and 71.88% in mRNA levels, while 41.68% and 47.87% in protein levels) (P＜0.05). In pcDNATM 6.2-GW/EmGFP-miPPARγ transfected cells, IL-8and MCP-1 only were decreased by 18.16% and 16.83% in mRNA level, while 11.39% and 11.86%% in protein level in rosiglitazone pretreated group, showing no significant difference compared with LPS group. Rosiglitazone did not block NF-κB nuclear translocation while significantly inhibiting the DNA binding activity of NF-κB. Conclusions Rosiglitazone inhibits the expressions of MCP-1 and IL-8 via a PPARγ-dependent mechanism in HK-2 cells, resulting from inhibition the DNA binding activity of NF-κB.

Objective To analyze negative lymph nodes of 34 non-small cell lung cancer(NCLC) patients with total correction by means of fluorescent quantitation PCR and immunohistcchemistry,and to form molecular bi- ology staging.Methods Clinical data and tissue samples of 193 lymph nodes were collected from 34 patients under- going resection for non-small cell lung cancer.Using fluorescent quantitation reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry method,lymph nodes were examined for CEA gene mRNA,P53 and CK to form molecular biology staging.All the patients were followed-up for an average of forty months.Results The CEAmRNA was identified in 21.7% (42/193) lymph nodes negative patients from 17 patients(17/34,50%); TMN staging was up-regulated in 8 patients;positive lymph nodes were increased in 9 patients.P53 and AE1/AE3 were identified 9.8%(19/193) from 11 patients,18.6 % (36/193)from 15 patients,separately;TMN staging was up-regulated in 2 patients of P53 examination and 5 patients of AE1/AE3 analysis;positive lymph nodes were in- creased in in 7 patients of P53 examination and 11 patients of AE1/AE3 analysis.There was obvious statistical sig- nificance in them,but the molecular biology staging based on the three markers was not an independent factor on re- currence and metasis of lung cancer.Conclusion CEAmRNA.P53 and AE1/AE3 analysis could find lung cancer micrometasis more sensitively to form molecular biology staging which was relative to the prognosis,but not an inde- pendent prognostic indicator.It might be good to the therapy strategy after operation.

Objective:To prepare the velvet antler polypeptide-collagen/chitosan composite materials,and to investigate its promotive effect on cicatrization of mandibular defect and possible mechanism.Methods:The collagen and chitosan solution were mixed.The composite material was prepared by glutaraldehyde crosslinking method.The microstructure of the composite material was observed by transmission electron microscope (SEM).The unilateral mandibular defect models of 36 rabbits were established.The rabbits were divided into experiment and control groups,and each group was divided into 4-,8-and 12-week subgroups,and there were 6 rabbits in each sub group.The rabbits in experiment group were implanted with velvet antler polypeptide-collagen /chitosan composite materials and the rabbits in control group were treated.4,8 and 12 weeks after operation,the histology of bone defect and peripheral nerve reconstruction of the rabbit models were detected by CT;the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in bone tissue of the rabbits was detected by immunohistochemistry;the ultrastructure of bone defect was observed by SEM.Results:The structure of composite materials had layered folds and the inner diameter of the stent became larger and mainly dominated by sheet structure,which was the ideal structure of biological materials.4 weeks after operation,the new bone was formatted in experiment group,most of the new bone like-tissue materials were degraded,and the VEGF expression showed an increasing trend;8 weeks after operation,the trabecular bone in the bone defect of the rabbits in experiment group was increased obviously and the expression of VEGF was decreased.12 weeks after operation,the new bone formation and the density in experiment group was consistent with the normal tissue,and the expression level of VEGF returned to normal.At each the point after operation,the degree of bone defect healing and bone formation rate in experiment group were obviously prior to control group.Conclusion:Velvet antler polypeptide-collagen /chitosan composite material has the promotive effect on the fracture healing of mandibular defect of the rabbits and its possible mechanism may be related to promoting the expression of VEGF.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents from Cibotium batometz.

METHODColumn chromatograph and HPLC were used to isolate and purify the compound, and the structure was elucidated on the basis of MS and NMR spectroscopic methods.

RESULTA new phenolic compound, 4-O-caffeoyl-D-glucopyranose, has been isolated from the rhizome of C. barometz. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods, including intensive 1D, 2D NMR and ESI-MS data analysis.

CONCLUSION4-O-caffeoyl-D-glucopyranose was a new phenolic compound.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Ferns ; chemistry ; Hydrolysis ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Tannins ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use