In recent years,using stem cells to repair the bladder defect is a hot issue on the studies of bladder tissue engineering.They are ideal seed cells for bladder regeneration of tissue engineering depending on their self-renewal and multi-differentiation potential.In this paper,we give a review on the use of embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells as seed cells to repair the bladder defect by tissue engineering approach.

Objective To discuss causes and prevention of complications and recurrence following sphincter preserving procedure(SPP) for rectal cancer.Methods A retrospective study on clinical and follow-up data of 375 cases of rectal cancer treated by SPP from January 2000 to January 2006 was carried out.Factors relating complications and recurrence after the operation were analyzed with the Logistic regression.Results A follow-up was conducted for 1～60 months(mean,37 months).The 5-year survival rate was 75.77%,and 79 cases of those followed died.Postoperative complications included anastomotic leakage in 14 cases(3.73%),anastomotic stenosis in 37 cases(9.87%),and anastomotic bleeding in 13 cases(3.47%).Anastomotic tumor recurrence was seen in 25 cases.Logistic regression analysis showed that the distance between the tumor and the dentate line was the most important factor for postoperative complications(P=0.017),and the distance and patient's age were the most important factors for recurrence(P=0.040,P=0.041). Conclusions The distance of tumor and patient's age are the most important factors for complications and recurrence following sphincter preserving procedure for rectal cancer.Strict selection of patients for surgery,normative procedure performance,and proper peri-operative management are essential for the prevention of complications and recurrence.

Objective To evaluate the expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in rectal cancer and mucosa adjacent to cancer. Methods The VDR expression of tumor tissue,mucos a 2cm apart from tumor and normal mucosa was detected by imunohistochemistry, mi crospectrophotometer and computer image analysis in 21 cases of rectal carcinoma . Results The VDR expression in rec tal tumor (2.4?0.7) significantly decreased compared to that of the norma l mucosa (6.0?0.6)(P

Objective:To detect the expression of cyclin B 1 in human ameloblastoma(AB). Methods:Expression of cyclin B1 was detected in 73 cases of AB (32 primary, 33 recurrent and 8 malignant cases), 19 of odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and 7 of normal oral mucosa by streptovidin-biotin method. Results:The ratio of positive nuclear expression of cyclin B 1 in normal oral mucosa, OKC and AB was 28.6%(2/7), 36.8%(7/19) and 63.0%(46/73) respectively (P

Objective:To investigate the expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) and C-erbB-2 in two salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cell lines with different metastatic potential. Methods:Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma SACC-83 cell line and its lung metastatic cell line SACC-LM were cultured in vitro, their cytoplasm and membrane samples were extracted, and the expressions of EGFR and C-erbB-2 were detected by Western blot, the results were quantitatively analyzed by FluorChem V2.0 software.Results:EGFR expression level in cell membrane was higher than that in cytoplasm(P0.05) in both cell lines.Conclusion:Higher EGFR expression in cytoplasm and higher C-erbB-2 expression may be related to the metastatic potential of SACC-LM cells.

Objective: To study expression of CD44 S and CD44 V6 in ameloblastoma (AB) and odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) . Methods: S-P method was used to detect CD44 S protein in 77 cases of AB (32 of primary, 39 of recurrent,6 of malignant), 19 cases of OKC and 12 cases of oral normal mucosa;and CD44 V6 protein in 61 cases of AB (24 of primary , 31 of recurrent and 6 of malignant), 19 cases of OKC and 12 cases of oral normal mucosa. Results: Expression of CD44 S and CD44 V6 were detected in cell membrane of stratum spinosum and stratum basale in normal oral mucosa. In 19 cases of OKC, loss of expression of CD44 S was detected in 10 cases, and loss of integrity of CD44 V6 expression was detected in 15 cases. Loss ration of expression and abnormal expression ratio of CD44 S in AB were 27.3% and 63.6%, respectively. That of CD44 V6 in AB were 11.5% and 50.8% respectively. There was a signifcant difference between loss of expression or abnormal expression of CD44 S and CD44 V6 in AB, OKC and normal oral mucosa (P

Three aspects of bilingual teaching of Instrument Analysis and experiment were discussed,which mainly included the design of teaching contents,key teaching measures and teaching practices,as well as the evaluation of teaching effect.And some new concepts of bilingual teaching in the curriculum of instruction analysis and experiment were presented as well.

Objective To study the changes of lipid levels and body weight during the treatment of bipolar disorder by lithium carbonate combined with olanzapine or lithium. Methods Lipid and body weight was measured in forty-six patients with bipolar disorder in the first six months (treated by lithium carbonate combined with olanzapine) and in the second six months (treated by lithium only). Then the results were compared with the data before the treatment. Results When the first six months was over,the levels of the total cholesterol, triglyceride and apolipoprotein B increased(P＜ 0.05 ) ,and when the second six months was over,the levels of the total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),and apolipoprotein B increased Significantly (P ＜ 0.05 ). The levels of the total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C were more than the normal level,but apolipoprotein B didn't exceed the normal level. When the first six months was over, the body weight was higher than that before treatment [ (68.70 ± 8.35 ) kg vs. (64.85 ±7.52 ) kg, P ＜ 0.05 ]. When the second six months was over, the body weight [ (71.72 ± 7.96 ) kg ] was higher than that at the end of the first six months (P ＜ 0.05 ). Gender difference showed non-statistical significance.Conclusions The lipid levels and body weight will both increase whether treated with lithium carbonate combined with olanzapine or with lithium only. The lipid level changes apparently in treatment with lithium separately, and the risk of coronary heart disease will increase.

OBJECTIVETo investigate surgical methods and effects of unstable scapular fracture.

METHODSFrom October 2008 to August 2011, 14 patients with unstable scapular fracture were treated. There were 12 males and 2 females with an average age of 38.7 years (ranging, 21 to 55 years).The time from injury to hospitalization was 1 hour to 10 days (mean 3 days). Among patients,3 patients had scapular body fracture,4 patients had scapular neck and body fracture,4 patients had scapular neck and acromion fracture,2 patients had glenoid cavity and coracoid fracture, 1 patient with scapular spine and coracoid fracture. All patients were treated by operation, Hardegger classification system was applied to evaluate the function.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 2 to 36 months (mean 12.4 months). The healing time ranged from 6 to 8 weeks. No infection and internal fixation failure occurred. The effect result of Hardegger scoring system was excellent in 9 cases, good in 3 cases, fair in 2 cases.

CONCLUSIONSurgical treatment for unstable scapular fracture can reconstruct stability of shoulder joint, promote early rehabilitation of joint function, and maximally restore shoulder function.

Adult ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Recovery of Function ; Scapula ; injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the effects of hyperbaric oxygen combined with rehabilitation training on the motor ability of ischemic stroke patients.Methods Eighty ischemic stroke patients were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with Bobath' s approach,while the treatment group was treated with Bobath's methods supplemented by hyperbaric oxygen therapy.The United States National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS),the Fugl-Meyer motor assessment scale (FMA) (lower part) and each patient's maximum walking speed (MWS) were used to evaluate the patients before,and after 8 weeks of treatment.Results After treatment the average NIHSS score,FMA score and MWS were 4.17 ± 1.4％,31.2 ± 3.3 and 54,.3 ± 16.2 m/min,respectively,in the treatment group.The control group' s results were 6.81 ± 1.2％,26.2 ± 2.2 and 45.6 ± 18.3 m/min.The intra-group differences in evaluation results before and after treatment were statistically significant in both groups.An inter-group comparison showed that the treatment group performed significantly better after treatment than the control group in terms of FMA and MWS.After treatment,the treatment group showed significantly better walking performance in terms of cadence,stride length,step length on the affected side,gait cycle and double support duration.Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen can make rehabilitation training more effective in improving the neurologic deficits,motor function and walking ability of hemiplegic stroke survivors.