Three hundred and twenty-one bacteria strains were obtained from rice leaves,stem,root tissue and paddy field soil,of which the number of strains which can inhibit mycelium of Magnaporthe grisea growth markedly was fifty-seven through fermentation in 2.0 mL Eppendorf tube,and among these fifty-seven strains,five strains were strongly antagonistic to Magnaporthe grisea.These five strains was identified for their morphologic,physiological and biochemical characteristics,and the results showed that one strain(No.156)was bacillus subtilis,two strains(No.171 and No.177)were Bacillus pumillus and two strains(No.192 and No.279)were Bacillus ploymyxa.

Objective To investigate the pregnancy outcomes of couples with either maternal or paternal balanced translocations.Methods One hundred and ninety-four couples were divided into three groups based on the kind of translocations:135 with reciprocal translocation,52 with nonhomologous Robertsonian translocations,and 7 with homologous Robertsonian translocations.Past reproductive histories were surveyed.For those who wanted to have their own babies by natural conceptions after knowing their karyotypes as well as the risks of abnormal offsprings,subsequent pregnancy outcomes were recorded.Total pregnancy outcomes were compared between three groups.Results(1)503 previous and subsequent pregnancies were recorded in detail.The pregnancy outcomes are as follows:spontaneous abortions 81.7% (411/503);induced terminations because of fetal abnormalities 3.2%(16/503);birth defects 7.2% (36/503);normal/balanced offsprings 8.0%(40/503).In reciprocal translocations,nonhomologous Robertsonian translocations and homologous Robertsonian translocations,the birth defects rates were 5.7% (20/350),10.9%(14/128)and 8.0%(2/25),respectively(P

Microalgae is an easy-to-obtain natural biological material with many varieties and abundant natural reserves. Microalgae are rich in natural fluorescein, which can be used as a contrast agent for fluorescence imaging and photoacoustic imaging for medical imaging. With its active surface, microalgae can effectively adsorb functional molecules, metal elements, etc., and have good application prospects in the field of drug delivery. Microalgae can generate oxygen through photosynthesis to increase local oxygen concentration, reverse local hypoxia to enhance the efficacy of hypoxic tumors and promote wound healing. In addition, microalgae have good biocompatibility, and different administration methods have no obvious toxicity. This paper reviews the research progress on the biomedical application of microalgae in bioimaging, drug delivery, hypoxic tumor treatment, wound healing.
Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Microalgae ; Oxygen ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVETo assess the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ubiquitin-specific protease 8 gene (USP8) with male infertility among ethnic Han Chinese from Sichuan.

METHODSA total of 316 infertile males were recruited (case group), which included 72 severe oligozoospermic (SO) cases and 244 non-obstructive azoospermic (NOA) cases. The control group consisted of 149 fertile males. The genotypes of 4 SNPs (rs2241769, rs11857513, rs7174015 and rs3743044) were determined with a Sequenom MassArray technique. The frequencies of genotype, allele and haploptye were analyzed.

RESULTSNo significant difference was detected in the allelic or genotypic frequencies of the 4 SNPs between the two groups (P>0.05). Based on linkage disequilibrium analysis and haplotype construction, the frequency distribution of haplotype CAAG showed a significant difference between non-obstructive azoospermic patients and the controls (P=0.021).

CONCLUSIONThe 4 SNPs (rs2241769, rs11857513, rs7174015 and rs3743044) of USP8 gene may not be associated with male infertility in ethnic Hans from Sichuan. While the haplotype CAAG may be a down-regulating factor for the risk of NOA.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; ethnology ; genetics ; Azoospermia ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; ethnology ; Endopeptidases ; genetics ; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; ethnology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; ethnology ; genetics ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate PIK3CA, PTEN status in the primary lesion of colorectal cancer (CRC): relationship with occurrences of liver metastasis and its prognosis.

METHODSPatients with CRC who had the primary tumor resected between 2003 and 2008 were selected and enrolled into three groups according to the occurrence of liver metastasis. The mutations of PIK3CA exon 9 and 20, PTEN exon 5, 7, 8 in primary cancer cells in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens were detected by Pyrosequencing, then a statistical analysis was deduced to find out the relationship between PIK3CA, PTEN status and occurrences of liver metastasis as well as the prognosis.

RESULTSOf all the 300 CRC cases, the mutation rates of PIK3CA and PTEN was 18.2% (51/300) and 16.3% (49/300). The multivariate Logistic analysis revealed that exon 5 mutation of PTEN was one of the independent risk factors of occurrence of metachronous liver metastasis in CRC patients (HR = 1.634, 95%CI: 1.796 - 3.355, P = 0.041). Patients with PTEN mutation had a poorer overall survival in group with synchronous liver metastasis (median survival time 62.0 months vs 71.0 months, χ(2) = 12.942, P = 0.048) while CRC patients who had the liver metastasis resected in group of synchronous and metachronous liver metastasis had a poorer disease free survival rates with PIK3CA mutation (median survival time 16.0 months vs 25.0 months, χ(2) = 9.679, P = 0.037).

CONCLUSIONSThe exon 5 mutation of PTEN of CRC is potentially correlated with the occurrence of synchronous liver metastasis. CRC patients who had the liver metatasis resected but with PIK3CA mutation could have a poorer prognosis.

Aged ; Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; genetics ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; genetics ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf ; genetics ; Survival Analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in colorectal carcinoma and its correlation with liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma.

METHODSThe expression of COX-2 was detected using immunohistochemical methods in 30 colorectal carcinoma tissues without liver metastasis, 30 with preoperative liver metastasis, 30 with postoperative liver metastasis and 30 surrounding normal colorectal tissues. And its correlation with gender, age, Dukes stages was analyzed too.

RESULTSThe expression of COX-2 in colorectal carcinoma was significantly higher than that in surrounding normal colorectal tissue (P < 0.05), and meanwhile, its level in colorectal carcinoma without liver metastasis was significantly lower than those in tissues with preoperative or postoperative liver metastasis (P < 0.05). The COX-2 level had no correlation with gender, age, histological type, histological grade or the preoperative serum CEA and CA 19-9 levels in colorectal carcinoma (P > 0.05), but it was related to Dukes stages and lymph node metastasis.

CONCLUSIONSCOX-2 plays a role in the course of generation, development and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. The high expression of COX-2 in colorectal carcinoma tissues may be considered as an indicator for liver metastasis.

Adult ; Aged ; CA-19-9 Antigen ; blood ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; blood ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; biosynthesis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; secondary ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Retrospective Studies

Rhesus monkeys with high specific H5N1 antibody were inoculated the second time with H5N1 virus, the result of the second time H5N1 inoculation and the effect of first time H5N1 inoculation on second inoculation was evaluated. Monkeys of NO. 3, NO. 4, NO. 5 were inoculated with H5N1 allantoic fluid and NO. 6 with noninfectious allantoic fluid by intratracheal thyrocricoid puncture. Three months later, NO. 4, NO. 5, NO. 6 monkeys were infected with 7 ml TCID50 10(4.875) H5N1 allantoic fluid and NO. 3 monkey with 7 ml noninfectious allantoic fluid at the same time by the same method. Clinical symptoms were recorded and antibody response was detected by ELISA. NO. 3, NO. 4, NO. 6 monkeys were killed after 72 h post infection and NO. 5 monkey was killed after 7 days post infection. Pathologic changes of the infected monkeys' lung were examined by HE staining,immunohistochemistry and the virus in lung was detected by RT-PCR. Results showed that NO. 3, NO. 4, NO. 5 monkeys still retained high level of specific antibody, H5N1 virus only could be detected in NO. 6 monkey's lung by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR ,and the lung of NO. 6 monkey injured worst . It can be concluded that Rhesus monkeys inoculated with H5N1 avian influenza A virus at the first time could retain a high level of specific antibody in 90 days and the clinical symptom had almost recovered, the ability of Rhesus monkeys to resist second infection of H5N1 virus was enhanced notably at that moment.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Immunohistochemistry ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; genetics ; immunology ; pathogenicity ; Macaca mulatta ; Monkey Diseases ; immunology ; pathology ; virology ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections ; blood ; immunology ; pathology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To compare the clinical effect between percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and retroperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy (RLP) in the treatment of renal pelvis calculus,so as to provide evidence for the treatment of renal pelvis calculus.Methods A total of 108 patients with renal pelvis calculus were selected from January 2012 to December 2016 in Zhumadian Central Hospital.The patients were divided into PCNL group (n =59) and RLP group (n =49) according to the therapeutic method.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative blood transfusion rate,operative success rate,stone clearance rate,postoperative hemoglobin reduction,postoperative analgesia time,postoperative hospitalization time and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results The success rate of operation in PC-NL group and RLP group was 94.9％ (56/59) and 100.0％ (49/49) respectively,there was no significant difference in the success rate of operation between the two groups (x2 =1.026,P ＞ 0.05).The stone clearance rate in PCNL group and RLP group was 94.9％ (56/59) and 98.0％ (48/49) respectively,there was no significant difference in the stone clearance rate between the two groups (x2 =0.140,P ＞ 0.05).The intraoperative blood transfusion rate in PCNL group and RLP group was 5.1％ (3/59) and 2.0％ (1/49) respectively,there was no significant difference in the intraoperative blood transfusion rate between the two groups (x2 =0.105,P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in operation time and postoperative analgesia time between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the PCNL group,the blood loss and postoperative hemoglobin reduction were less,and the postoperative hospitalization time was shorter in the RLP group (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of postoperative urinary leakage,urinary tract infection and secondary hemorrhage in PCNL group was 3.4％ (2/59),8.5％ (5/59)and 6.8％ (4/59) respectively;the incidence of postoperative urinary leakage,urinary tract infection and secondary hemorrhage in RLP group was 8.2％ (4/49),4.1％ (2/49) and 4.1％ (2/49) respectively;there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative urinary leakage,urinary tract infection and secondary hemorrhage between the two groups (x2 =2.975,1.064,1.811;P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The clinical effect of PCNL and RLP in the treatment of renal pelvis calculus is fairly,and their safety is high.However,RLP has the advantages of less intraoperative bleeding,quick postoperative recovery and short hospitalization time.

Objective:To discuss the management principles and skills for treatment of intractable ureterostenosis under ureteroscope.Methods:Our management experience on 19 patients with intractable ureteral stenosis was retrospectively analyzed.The 19 cases included urological TB-caused multiple ureteral stenosis,oncothlipsis to ureters from intestinal tract or gynecology,restenosis 3 months to 12 years after pelviureteric junction plasty,operative site stenosis after ureterolithotomy. double ureter back flow accompanied by stenosis,ureter imperforation after renal parenchyma lithotomy without placing double"J",ureter imperforation 3 months after extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy due to ureterolith,tubal bladder stoma stenosis after renal transplantation,restenosis after tubal bladder stoma due to distal ureterostenosis,and so on.All the patients were treated under ureteroscope.The management methods included:the Wolf 8/9.8 CH12?and Wolf 6/7.6 CH5?ureteroscope was used as a dilator to dilate the stenoses:balloon expanding under ureteroscope was used to dilate the stenoses;the ureter pliers was used to expand the stenoses to different directions;the cold knife was used to open the stenoses;if the diameter of stenoses were smaller than the that of the ureteroscopes,F4.5 or F3 double"J"tubes were inserted guided by a wire under ureteroscope; and 2 or 3 weeks later,a larger tube or two tubes were introduced into the stenoses already dilated partly by the former tube. Results:Ureteroscopic method failed in treating 2 patients in our group and succeeded in treating all the other patients.The outcomes of patient were fine during 9 months to 3 years'follow-up.Conclusion:It is difficult to treat patients with intractable ureterostenoses.With good experience in manipulation of ureteroscope,the flexible application of several techniques according to the different conditions of different patients can guarantee successful treatment in most patients.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship of K-ras mutation with the development of liver metastasis in colorectal cancer patients and the survival outcomes.

METHODSFrom 2003 to 2008, 300 patients who underwent colorectal cancer surgery in the Department of General Surgery of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were assigned to different groups, according to the diagnosis and follow-up results. The mutation of exon 2 of K-ras was detected in primary paraffin-embedded lesions by PCR and Pyrosequencing. The association of gene mutation with the development of liver metastasis and its prognosis was studied.

RESULTSAmong 300 cases, the mutations of exon 2 were present in 120 cases(40%). The G13D mutation was more common in metachronous metastasis group than that in synchronous group(17.0% vs. 8.0%, P=0.041). Multivariable regression analysis showed that G13D mutation was an independent risk factor(HR=1.108, 95%CI:1.032-5.062, P=0.048) for metachronous metastasis. Patients with mutated K-ras had a poorer overall survival compared to those without mutated K-ras for patients without liver metastasis(median overall, 65 vs. 72 months, P=0.039), and for patients who received metastasis resection(median disease-free survival 18 vs. 24 months, P=0.048). Multivariable analysis showed that K-ras mutation was an independent risk factors of overall survival(HR=1.561, 95%CI:1.022-6.422, P=0.045) in patients without liver metastasis.

CONCLUSIONDetection of K-ras mutation may predict the development of liver metastasis and prognosis.

Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Genes, ras ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; secondary ; Male ; Mutation ; Prognosis